简介：Anorexianervosaischaracterizedbyrefusaltomaintainweightatoraboveaminimallynormalweight(85%ofexpectedweightforageandheight,orbodymassindex(BMI)17.5kg/m^2),orfailuretoexhibittheexpectedweightgainduringgrowth.Thereisoftenassociatedintensefearofgainingweight,preoccupationwithweight,denialofthecurrentlowweightanditsadverseimpactonhealth,andamenorrhoea.

简介：Anxietyisacommonhumanexperiencethatmaybeareactiontoanexternalthreatoraninnerconflict.Itcomprisesapowerfulemotionalcomponentassociatedwithfearfulthoughtsandaphysiologicalresponse.Itcanhavebeneficialeffectssuchasenhancingperformance,butoftencausesdistressandcanhaveprofoundnegativeeffectsonbehaviour.

简介：Mooddisorders(includingunipolarandbipolardisorders)arecommon.Theyarecharacterizedbypersistentstatesofabnormalmood,whichmaybeelevated,depressedorbothalternately.

简介：ConductdisordersConductdisordersarecharacterizedbyrepetitiveantisocialbehaviourthatlastsforatleast6months.Inyoungchildren,theclinicalpictureisdominatedbymarkedlyoppositionalbehavioursuchasdefiance,hostilityanddisruptivenessthatisclearlyoutsidethenormalrange(so-called'oppositional-defiantdisorder').Inolderagegroups,behaviourssuchasstealing,

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简介：Emotionalproblemsinchildrenandadolescentsmaybegroupedintodistinctsyndromes,thoughthereisoverlapbetweenthem.

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简介：AbstractBone morphogenetic protein belongs to transcription growth factor superfamily β; bone morphogenetic protein signal pathway regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis among different tissues. Cerebrovascular system supplies sufficient oxygen and blood into brain to maintain its normal function. The disorder of cerebrovascular system will result into serious cerebrovascular diseases, which is gradually becoming a major threat to human health in modern society. In recent decades, many studies have revealed the underlying biology and mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein signal pathway played in cerebrovascular system. This review will discuss the relationship between the two aspects, aiming to provide new perspective for non-invasive treatment and basic research of cerebrovascular diseases.

简介：Objective:ToexploreleveldiagnosisonCTandBAincerebrovasculardiseases.Method:CTandBAwereexaminedin53patientswithcerebrovasculardiseasesandcomparedinleveldiagnosis.Result:ThesidesonleveldiagonsisofCTandBAwereidentical.TherangofdiseaseswaslargerinBAthanthatinCT.Conclusion:BAcanhelpleveldiagnosisincerebrovasculardiseases.TheleveldiagnosisofBAandCTwerebasicallyidentical.

简介：AcupunctureTreatmentfor54DisorderswaswrittenbyHuangQinfengandQiLizhen,andpublishedbyShanghaiScientific&TechnicalPublishersin2002.Thebookcollected54commondisordersinclinicfromabout5451articlespublishedinhundredsjournalsbetween1980and

简介：Assessmentofchildandadolescentpsychiatricdisorders(Figure1)focusesonfourkeyquestions.

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简介：Cholesterolcrystalshavelongbeenrecognizedaspartofatheroscleroticplaques.Theyhavebeenvisualizedbylightmicroscopyasemptyspacesorimprintswherecrystalswereoncepresentandthendissolvedbytissueprocessing.Thus,untilnow,theirroleinatherosclerosisandplaquerupturehadbeenconsideredtobeinert.However,bytheprocessingoftissuewithoutethanolitwaspossibletovisualizetheirextensivenessandpotentialroleintissueinjury.Also,itwasdemonstratedthatcholesterolexpandsinvolumewhencrystallizingfromtheliquidtothesolidstate,whichisthepresumedcauseofplaquerupturebysharp-tippedcrystalsgrowingoutoftheplaque'snecroticcore.Specifically,inpatientswhodiedofmyocardialinfarction,allculpritcoronarylesionshadextensivecholesterolcrystalsperforatingthefibrouscapandintima,whilethosepatientswhodiedofothercausesandhadplaquesdidnothavecrystalsperforatingthecapandintima.Additionally,cholesterolcrystalstravelingdownstreamfromtheplaquerupturesitecanscrapetheendotheliumandpromotevasospasm.Moreover,cholesterolcrystalslodgingintothemusclecantriggeraninflammationwithnecrosisindependentofcirculatorycompromiseorischemia.Thesefindingssuggestthatcholesterolcrystalscouldplayacriticalroleinplaquerupture,aswellasvascularandmyocardialinjury.

简介：AbstractBackground:Cerebrovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in China. The purpose of this article is to analyze China's contribution to the interventional treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.Methods:Bibliometric analysis was used for evaluating the quantity, quality, research hotspots, and cooperation network of publications regarding interventional treatment of cerebrovascular diseases from China. These articles were searched from the database of Web of Science Core Collection. The authors, publication years, citation times, regions, and source journals of retrieved articles were recorded. Network analysis and visualization were performed on Citespace5.6.Results:From 1991 to 2019, a total of 5052 articles regarding cerebrovascular intervention were contributed by Chinese researchers. The number of publications from China grew fastest annually in the latest 5 years among countries. These publications were cited 61,216 times, with 12.12 average citations per item. The h-index was 82. Affiliated hospitals of Capital Medical University contributed most articles. Cerebral ischemia and intracranial aneurysm were the most popular keywords over the three decades. The timeline view of keywords indicated that cerebral ischemia always was a hot spot. Stent techniques were the main treatment tools and still had a strong developing trend. Neural regeneration and neuroprotection were the hot topics of basic researches related to cerebrovascular intervention.Conclusions:The number of researches grows rapidly in China over the decades, but the quality still needs further improvement. The increasing contributions of Chinese researchers to the global knowledge system of cerebrovascular intervention are promising.

简介：目的：研究针刺对中风偏瘫痉挛状态的影响。方法：采用修改的Ashworth痉挛评定级、Brunnstrom分级、Barthel日常生活能力（ActivitiesofDailyLiving，ADL）指数分别评定痉挛程度、运动功能水平、日常生活能力，观察头针、体针联合应用对中风后偏瘫患者痉挛状态的影响。结果：头针、体针联合应用对痉挛状态的改善，对运动功能水平及日常生活能力的影响均优于单纯体针治疗（P〈0．01）。结论：头针、体针联合应用在改善痉挛状态方面有独特的优势，可提高患者的运动功能水平及日常生活能力。

简介：Onehundredandsixtycasesofsequelaeofcerebrovascularaccident(CVA)wererandomlydividedintothreegroups:Thetemporalpointgroup(TG),58cases;thescalpacupuncturegroup(SG),52cases;thebodyacupuncturegroup(BG),50cases.Itwasshownthatafter30treat-mentsthecurativeeffectsweresignificantlydifferent(P<0.01)amongthethreegroups.TheeffectinTGwasbetterthanthoseinSGandBG.TherewasnodifferenceincurativeeffectsbetweenSGandBG.Itisindicatedthatallthethreeneedlingtechniquescanimproveencephalicbloodflowinpa-tients.Itseemsthattheeffectsofthethreeneedlingtechniquesareasfollows:TG>SG>BG.

简介：AbstractTic disorders (TD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is often first recognized in children and adolescents and is characterized mainly by motor and phonic tics. Drug treatment of TD has been criticized because of serious side effects, and TD treatment emphasizes behavioral psychotherapy. This study reviewed the most common behavioral psychotherapy for TD: habit reversal training (HRT). We examined the contents, variation, curative effects, and premonitory urge control of HRT and other behavioral psychotherapies. The findings suggest that current understanding of HRT is insufficient and further studies are needed. First, studies of online guidance training are needed to implement technology that can help more patients. Second, the future integration of HRT and other technologies is important. Third, imaging techniques could be used to further explore the brain mechanisms underlying HRT. Research on HRT for TD in China is insufficient. We call on more Chinese researchers to study, investigate, and develop technology to promote the development of behavioral psychotherapy for TD in China.

简介：AbstractBackground:Reviving patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOCs) has always been focused and challenging in medical research. Owing to the limited effectiveness of available medicine, recent research has increasingly turned towards neuromodulatory therapies, involving the stimulation of neural circuits. We summarised the progression of research regarding neuromodulatory therapies in the field of DOCs, compared the differences among different studies, in an attempt to explore optimal stimulation patterns and parameters, and analyzed the major limitations of the relevant studies to facilitate future research.Methods:We performed a search in the PubMed database, using the concepts of DOCs and neuromodulation. Inclusion criteria were: articles in English, published after 2002, and reporting clinical trials of neuromodulatory therapies in human patients with DOCs.Results:Overall, 187 published articles met the search criteria, and 60 articles met the inclusion criteria. There are differences among these studies regarding the clinical efficacies of neurostimulation techniques for patients with DOCs, and large-sample studies are still lacking.Conclusions:Neuromodulatory techniques were used as trial therapies for DOCs wherein their curative effects were controversial. The difficulties in detecting residual consciousness, the confounding effect between the natural course of the disease and therapeutic effect, and the heterogeneity across patients are the major limitations. Large-sample, well-designed studies, and innovations for both treatment and assessment are anticipated in future research.