简介：Brief-pulsestimulationat50Hzhasbeenshowntoterminateafterdischargesobservedinepilepsypatients.However,theoptimalpulsestimulationparametersforterminatingcorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesremainunclear.Inthepresentstudy,weexaminedtheeffectsofdifferentbrief-pulsestimulationfrequencies(5,50and100Hz)oncorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesin10patientswithrefractoryepilepsy.Resultsdemonstratedthatbrief-pulsestimulationcouldterminatecorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesinrefractoryepilepsypatients.Inconclusion,(1)abrief-pulsestimulationwasmoreeffectivewhentheafterdischargedidnotextendtothesurroundingbrainarea.(2)Ahigherbrief-pulsestimulationfrequency(especially100Hz)wasmorelikelytoterminateanafterdischarge.(3)Alowcurrentintensityofbrief-pulsestimulationwasmorelikelytoterminateanafterdischarge.

简介：Aratmodelofextra-vertebralforamencervicalnerveentrapmentwasestablishedaccordingtothefollowingparameters:stimulationintensity20V;frequency50Hz;pulsewidth200μs;duration333ms/sforatotalof8hours.Aftertheelectricalstimulation,ratsexhibitedmildmusclefiberatrophy,mildinflammatoryexudates,connectivetissuelocalfibrosisandchondrocytemetaplasia.Meanmusclefibercross-sectionalareawasreduced.Thenervemyelinsheathcontinuitywaspartiallydemyelinated.Themicrostructureofnervecellswasdisruptedandthesesymptomsworsenedwithprolongationofthestimulation.Theshoulder,neckandupperextremitymusclesonthetestedsidedemonstratedpositivesharpwavesandfibrillations.Theseverityincreasedwithcontinuationofthestimulation.Highamplitudeandpolyphasicmotorunitpotentialsgraduallyappeared.Similarfindingswereseeninthecontralateralside,butatalessseverelevel.

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简介：Thehippocampalregionofthebrainisimportantforencodingenvironmentinputsandmemoryformation.However,theunderlyingmechanismsareunclear.ToinvestigatethebehaviorofindividualneuronsinresponsetosomatosensoryinputsinthehippocampalCA1region,werecordedandanalyzedchangesinlocalfieldpotentialsandthefiringratesofindividualpyramidalcellsandinterneuronsduringtailclampinginurethane-anesthetizedrats.Wealsoexploredthemechanismsunderlyingtheneuronalresponses.Somatosensorystimulation,intheformoftailclamping,changedlocalfieldpotentialsintothetarhythm-dominatedwaveforms,decreasedthespikefiringofpyramidalcells,andincreasedinterneuronfiring.Inaddition,somatosensorystimulationattenuatedorthodromic-evokedpopulationspikes.TheseresultssuggestthatsomatosensorystimulationsuppressestheexcitabilityofpyramidalcellsinthehippocampalCA1region.Increasedinhibitionbylocalinterneuronsmightunderliethiseffect.Thesefindingsprovideinsightintothemechanismsofsignalprocessinginthehippocampusandsuggestthatsensorystimulationmighthavetherapeuticpotentialforbraindisordersassociatedwithneuronalhyperexcitability.

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简介：Stimulationatspecificacupointscanactivatecorticalregionsinhumansubjects.Previousstudieshavemainlyfocusedonasinglebrainregion.However,thebrainisanetworkandmanybrainregionsparticipateinthesametask.Thestudyofasinglebrainregionalonecannotclearlyexplainanybrain-relatedissues.Therefore,forthepresentstudy,magneticstimulationwasusedtostimulatetheNeiguan(PC6)acupoint,and32-channelelectroencephalographydatawererecordedbeforeandafterstimulation.BrainfunctionalnetworkswereconstructedbasedonelectroencephalographydatatodeterminetherelationshipbetweenmagneticstimulationatthePC6acupointandcorticalexcitability.ResultsindicatedthatmagneticstimulationatthePC6acupointincreasedconnectionsbetweencerebralcortexregions.

简介：Inthisstudy,ratswereputintotraumaticbraininjury-inducedcomaandtreatedwithmediannerveelectricalstimulation.Weexploredthewake-promotingeffect,andpossiblemechanisms,ofmediannerveelectricalstimulation.Electricalstimulationupregulatedtheexpressionlevelsoforexin-AanditsreceptorOX1Rintheratprefrontalcortex.Orexin-Aexpressiongraduallyincreasedwithincreasingstimulation,whileOX1Rexpressionreachedapeakat12hoursandthendecreased.Inaddition,aftertheOX1Rantagonist,SB334867,wasinjectedintothebrainofratsaftertraumaticbraininjury,fewerratswererestoredtoconsciousness,andorexin-AandOXIRexpressionintheprefrontalcortexwasdownregulated.Ourfindingsindicatethatmediannerveelectricalstimulationinducedanup-regulationoforexin-AandOX1Rexpressionintheprefrontalcortexoftraumaticbraininjury-inducedcomarats,whichmaybeapotentialmechanisminvolvedinthewake-promotingeffectsofmediannerveelectricalstimulation.

简介：Vagusnervestimulationexertsprotectiveeffectsagainstischemicbraininjury;however,theunderlyingmechanismsremainunclear.Inthisstudy,aratmodeloffocalcerebralischemiawasestablishedusingtheocclusionmethod,andtherightvagusnervewasgivenelectricalstimulation(constantcurrentof0.5mA;pulsewidth,0.5ms;frequency,20Hz;duration,30seconds;every5minutesforatotalof60minutes)30minutes,12hours,and1,2,3,7and14daysaftersurgery.Electricalstimulationofthevagusnervesubstantiallyreducedinfarctvolume,improvedneurologicalfunction,anddecreasedtheexpressionlevelsoftumornecrosisfactor-αandinterleukin-6inratswithfocalcerebralischemia.Theexperimentalfindingsindicatethattheneuroprotectiveeffectofvagusnervestimulationfollowingcerebralischemiamaybeassociatedwiththeinhibitionoftumornecrosisfactor-αandinterleukin-6expression.

简介：Weretrospectivelyanalyzedtheclinicaldataof32patientswithmedicallyintractableidiopathicParkinson'sdiseasewhohadundergonestagedbilateraldeepbrainstimulationofthesubthalamicnucleifromJanuary2007toMay2011.Thevasculartureofthepatientswhoreceivedtwodeepbrainstimulationswasdetectedusingdouble-dosegadolinium-enhancedbrainMRI.Thedimensionsofstraightsinus,superiorsagittalsinus,ipsilateralinternalcerebralveininthethalamicbranchandipsilateralanteriorcaudateveinwerereduced.Thesefindingsdemonstratethatbilateraldeepbrainstimulationofthesubthalamicnucleiaffectscerebralvenousbloodflow.

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简介：Theselectionofelectro-acupunctureparametersremainspoorlyunifiedbetweenclinicalstudies.Thepresentstudyobservedtheeffectsofelectro-acupuncturingRenzhong(DU26)withdifferentstimulationparametersonmotorfunctionrecoveryfollowingmiddlearteryocclusioninjuryinrats.ResultsshowedanoptimalstimulationparameterforRenzhongelectro-acupuncturethatwaslowfrequencyandmildcurrent(2Hz,1mA)significantlyimprovedcorticalexcitabilityandconductivefunction,andpromotedrecoveryinaratmodelofmotorfunctioninmiddlearteryocclusion.Frequencyhadagreaterimpactthancurrentorinteraction,andplayedacriticalroleinelectro-acupuncturetherapy.