简介：Posttraumatictremorisoftenoneofthecausesofdisabilityinheadinjurypatients.Usually,pharmacotherapyforthistypeoftremorisnoteffective.Sinceearly1970s,surgicalablationoftheventralthalamushasbeenusedtotreatvarioustypesoftremor.1Nowadays,deepbrainstimulation(DBS)confirmsitsefficacyinalleviatingdifferentformsoftremor,includingposttraumatictremor.2,3Suchtherapyhasbeenreportedachievingaround80%successrateinthetreatmentofposttraumatictremor.

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简介：Inrecentyears,pulsemagneticstimulationtechniquehasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattentionbythepeopleengagedinnoninvasivediagnosisandtherapywork.Comparedwithelectricstimulation,ithastheadvantagesofbeingnoninvasive,pain-lessandsafe,andhasbeenusedtoexamineandtreatdisordersofnervesystemsuc-cessfully.Applicationinotherfieldsisstillachallengetomanyresearchers.Wehave

简介：Thepurposeofthisstudyistoinvestigatedifferentfactorsoftheartifactinsurfaceelectromyography(EMG)signalcausedbyfunctionalelectricalstimulation(FES).Thefactorsinvestigatedincludethesizeofstimulationelectrodepads,theamplitude,frequency,andpulsewidthofthestimulationwaveformandthedetectingelectrodepoints.Wecalculatetherootmeansquare(RMS)ofEMGsignaltoanalyzetheeffectofthesefactorsontheM-waveproperties.TheresultsindicatethattheM-wavemainlydependsonthestimulationamplitudeandthedistributionofdetectingelectrodes,butnotontheotherfactors.Thisstudycanassistthereductionofartifactandtheselectionofdetectingelectrodepoints.

简介：目的：分析耳郭刺激抗衰老的疗效，寻求一种简便、安全的抗衰老的保健方法。方法：综合分析耳郭刺激与抗衰老的文献报道，从衰老与耳的关系，耳郭抗衰老的刺激方法、临床应用及机理研究等方面进行探讨。结果与结论：耳郭刺激通常选用与五脏相对应的耳穴心、肝、脾、肺、肾及内分泌、皮质下。耳郭刺激，尤其是耳穴贴压和耳郭按摩法，是简便有效的无创伤性保健、治疗方法，应当在抗衰老中起更大作用。

简介：Brief-pulsestimulationat50Hzhasbeenshowntoterminateafterdischargesobservedinepilepsypatients.However,theoptimalpulsestimulationparametersforterminatingcorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesremainunclear.Inthepresentstudy,weexaminedtheeffectsofdifferentbrief-pulsestimulationfrequencies(5,50and100Hz)oncorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesin10patientswithrefractoryepilepsy.Resultsdemonstratedthatbrief-pulsestimulationcouldterminatecorticalelectricalstimulation-inducedafterdischargesinrefractoryepilepsypatients.Inconclusion,(1)abrief-pulsestimulationwasmoreeffectivewhentheafterdischargedidnotextendtothesurroundingbrainarea.(2)Ahigherbrief-pulsestimulationfrequency(especially100Hz)wasmorelikelytoterminateanafterdischarge.(3)Alowcurrentintensityofbrief-pulsestimulationwasmorelikelytoterminateanafterdischarge.

简介：Voiding机能障碍例如冲动频率症候群，主张不能自制，压力不能自制和unobstructive尿保留，对pharmacotherapy经常倔强。电的neuromodulation证明了为这些状况有益。作为电的neuromodulation的一治疗，Electroacupuncturepudendal神经刺激(杀虫剂的一种)为voiding机能障碍是有益的。杀虫剂的一种的表演和申请将在这篇文章被介绍。

简介：Intractabletinnituscanleadtoseriousconsequences.Studyevidenceindicatesthatthecentralnervoussystemisinvolvedingenerationandmaintenanceofchronictinnitusandthattinnitusandotherneurologicsymptomssuchaschronicpainmaysharesimilarmechanisms.Brainablationandstimulationareusedtotreatchronicpainwithsuccess.Recentstudiesshowedthatablationandstimulationinnon-auditoryareasresultedintinnitusimprovement.Deepbrainstimulation(DBS)maybeanalternativetreatmentforintractabletinnitusanddeservesfurtherstudy.

简介：Aratmodelofextra-vertebralforamencervicalnerveentrapmentwasestablishedaccordingtothefollowingparameters:stimulationintensity20V;frequency50Hz;pulsewidth200μs;duration333ms/sforatotalof8hours.Aftertheelectricalstimulation,ratsexhibitedmildmusclefiberatrophy,mildinflammatoryexudates,connectivetissuelocalfibrosisandchondrocytemetaplasia.Meanmusclefibercross-sectionalareawasreduced.Thenervemyelinsheathcontinuitywaspartiallydemyelinated.Themicrostructureofnervecellswasdisruptedandthesesymptomsworsenedwithprolongationofthestimulation.Theshoulder,neckandupperextremitymusclesonthetestedsidedemonstratedpositivesharpwavesandfibrillations.Theseverityincreasedwithcontinuationofthestimulation.Highamplitudeandpolyphasicmotorunitpotentialsgraduallyappeared.Similarfindingswereseeninthecontralateralside,butatalessseverelevel.

简介：From1990to2001,theauthortreated31casesofurinaryretentionofposthemorrhoidectomyorcesareansectionwithacupunctureofHegu(LI4)(reinforcingmethod)andSanyinjiao(SP6)(reducingmethod).Thetherapeuticeffectofthetreatmentwassatisfactory,thetotaleffectiveratewas96.7%.Followingisthereportofthetreatment.

简介：摘要BACKGROUNDPaired associative stimulation (PAS) combining repeated pairing of lectrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) can induce neuroplastic adaptations in the human brain and enhance motor learning in neurologically-intact individuals. However, the extent to which PAS is an effective technique for inducing associative plasticity and improving motor function in individuals post-stroke is unclear.OBJECTIVEThe objective of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of a single session of PAS to modulate corticomotor excitability and motor skill performance in individuals post-stroke.METHODSSeven individuals with chronic stroke completed two separate visits separated by at least one week. We assessed general corticomotor excitability, intracortical network activity and behavioral outcomes prior to and at three time points following PAS and compared these outcomes to those following a sham PAS condition (PASSHAM)．RESULTSFollowing PAS, we found increased general corticomotor excitability but no significant difference in behavioral measures between PAS conditions. There was a relationship between PAS-induced corticomotor excitability increase and enhanced motor skill performance across post-PAS testing time points.CONCLUSIONThese results provide preliminary evidence for the potential of PAS to increase corticomotor excitability that could favorably impact motor skill performance in chronic individuals post-stroke and are an important first step for future studies investigating the clinical application and behavioral relevance of PAS interventions in post stroke patient populations.

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简介：Itiscurrentlydifficultfortheamputeetoperceiveenvironmentalinformationsuchastactilepressureonthefingertipofthepresentupperlimbprostheses.Sensoryfeedbackinducedbycutaneouselectricalstimulationcanbeusedtotransmittactileinformationfromhandprosthesestosensorynerveofintactupperarm,thusproducingthecorrespondingperceptionsinhumanbrain.Inordertohaveadeeperunderstandingonthedistributionofstimulationcurrentwithinthelimb,andfindabetterplacementofthestimulatingandreferenceelectrodes,weconstructedathree-dimensionalupper-limbmodeltosystematicallystudytheeffectofelectrodeplacementoncurrentdistributionbasedonfiniteelementanalysis.Inthesesimulations,thereferenceelectrodeispositionedatfourdifferentlocationsaroundandontheaxialdirectionofthearm.Theresultsshowthatwiththeincreaseofdistancebetweenreferenceelectrodeandstimulatingelectrode,thecurrentdensityincreasesintheskinlayeroftheupperlimb.Whenthereferenceelectrodeisontheoppositesideofstimulatingelectrodearoundthearm,thecurrentismoreconcentratedintheskinlayer,whichisinlinewithrecentfindingsinpsychophysiologicalexperiments.Butbetterspatialselectivitycouldbeachievedwhenthereferenceelectrodeisclosertothestimulatingelectrodearoundthearm,anditismoreobviousincomparisonwiththatontheaxialdirection.Thesefindingswillprovideinsightsforthedesignofelectrodearrayusedforevokingcutaneoussensoryafferents.

简介：ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭａｇｎｅｔｉｃｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｅｘｃｉｔａｂｌｅｔｉｓｓｕｅｂｙａｔｉｍｅ－ｖａｒｙｉｎｇ，ｉｎｔｅｎｓｅｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｗｈｉｃｈｉｎｄｕｃｅｓａｎｅｌｅｃ...

简介：Theclinicalexploitationofelectricallystimulatedskeletalmusclecirculationas-sistant(SMCA)isanewtechnologyinlater80’s.Itismainlyusedforadvancedstageheartfailureandprogressiveheartdiseases.Thiskindofheartdiseaseshasahigherincidenceanditsdeathrateoccupiesfirstplaceinallkindsofheartdiseases.Thetreatmentsuchashearttransplantingisrestrictedbycertaincircumstances,soitcannotbeusedingeneral.ThewayofSMCAcanavoidmanydisadvantagessuchasex-

简介：Wehavedevelopedalargenumberofexocrineglandsonliquoriceleavesandfacilitatedpolysaccharidesecretion.Liquoricepolysaccharidepossessesstrongerboundwateraffinitytogaseouswatercomparedwithsucroseandglucose.Ourresultsshowthattheboundwateraffinityofliquoricepolysaccharidetogaseouswateris49.75%higherthanglucose(p<0.01).WithN~+implantation(totaldosageof4.68×10~(16)ions/cm~2andenergyof20keV)intodryliquoriceseeds,boththeboundwateraffinitytogaseouswaterandtheboundwatercontentofdryliquoriceleafcanbesignificantlyincreased30.24%(p<0.01)and36.51%(p<0.01)respectivelycomparedwiththesham-irradiatedseeds.Meanwhile,withtheseparameterschosenforN~+implantationintodryliquoriceseeds,theleafpolysaccharidecontentunderwaterstress(ψ_w=-1.5MPa)canincreasesignificantly(p<0.05)andtheplantgrowthcanalsoimprovesignificantly(p<0.05).

简介：摘要ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to determine the cognitive improvement and neurophysiological effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(L-DLPFC) in subacute stroke patients.MethodsTwelve consecutive first-ever stroke patients with cognitive impairment were enrolled. All subjects were randomly assigned to real or sham stimulation group and completed 10 sessions of rTMS for 2 weeks (Figure 1). 10Hz of navigation rTMS were applied (5sec stimulation and 25sec resting, total 1500 pulses) on the L-DLPFC at 80% of resting motor threshold (rMT). At the time of baseline, 1 month and 3 months after stroke onset, all subjects received the cognitive, behavioral and depression assessments. In addition, the vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards (VCIHS), motor evoked potentials (MEP), event-related potentials (ERPs) and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS fMRI) were completed for the neuroplasticity at baseline and 3 months after stroke onset.ResultsAfter the treatment period, the real stimulation group improved significantly in the Montreal Cognitive (MoCA), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Bathel Index (MBI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) compared with sham stimulation group. And these effects lasted after three months. Among the VCIHS parameters, Z-scores of executive and memory function showed higher delta value between baseline and 3months timepoints in rTMS group. The MEP showed higher TIME x GROUP interaction in the percentage of intracortical inhibition and facilitation amplitude ratio in right hand. It suggests that there is beneficial effect on premotor cortical excitability of rTMS. The change of P300 amplitude in ERPs was more increased in real stimulation group significantly. The RS fMRI analysis results showed more increased functional connectivity of left frontal pole, Middle frontal gyrus, posterior parietal cortex and Right posterior parietal cortex after stimulation compare with the sham group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that high frequency rTMS on the L-DLPFC improves cognitive function and functional network activity in subacute stroke. The rTMS seems to be an recommendable treatment in stroke patients with cognitive impairment.

简介：Although,theessenceofotopointsremainsunknownatthemoment,manymedicalworkershavetermedthemtemporarilyas"auricularspecificstimulatingpoints".Theygiveanexplanationthatwhentheinternalorgansorthebodytrunkisoutoforder,tenderpoints,changesofthecutaneouselectricalresistance,appearance,colour,etc.mayoccuratsomesitesoftheauri-cle.Themedicalworkerscanusethesereactionsasareferenceformakingadiagnosisandstimulatethesesitestopreventandtreatdiseases.Thesereactionpointsarealsotheotopoint.Therefore,theotopointisalsocalledastenderpoint,orgoodconductionpoint,reactionpoint,stimulatingpointortreatmentpoint.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectandmechanismofstimulationofthehypothalamicparaventricularnucleuswithglutamateacidinratswithulcerativecolitis(UC).METHODS:Theratswereanesthetizedwith10%chloralhydrateviaabdominalinjectionandtreatedwithanequalvolumeofTNBS+50%ethanolenema,injectedintotheuppersectionoftheanuswiththetailfacingup.Colonicdamagescoreswerecalculatedafterinjectingacertaindoseofglutamicacidintotheparaventricularnucleus(pVN),andtheeffectofthenucleustractussolitarius(NTS)andvagusnerveinalleviatingUCinjurythroughchemicalstimulationofthepVNwasobservedinrats.ExpressionchangesofC-myc,Apaf-1,caspase-3,interleukin(IL)-6,andIL-17duringtheprotectionagainstUCinjurythroughchemicalstimulationofthepVNinratsweredetectedbyWesternblot.Malondialdehyde(MDA)contentandsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)activityincolontissuesofratsweremeasuredbycolorimetricmethods.RESULTS:ChemicalstimulationofthePVNsignificantlyreducedUCinratsinadose-dependentmanner.TheprotectiveeffectsofthechemicalstimulationofthepVNonratswithUCwereeliminatedafterchemicaldamagetothepVN.AfterglutamatereceptorantagonistkynurenicacidwasinjectedintothepVN,theprotectiveeffectsofthechemicalstimulationofthepVNwereeliminatedinratswithUC.AfterAVpVlreceptorantagonist([Deamino-penl,val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin)wasinjectedintoNTSorbilateralchemicaldamagetoNTS,theprotectiveeffectofthechemicalstimulationofpVNonUCwasalsoeliminated.AfterchemicalstimulationofthepVN,SODactivityincreased,MDAcontentdecreased,C-mycproteinexpressionsignificantlyincreased,caspase-3andApaf-1proteinexpressionsignificantlydecreased,andIL-6andIL-17expressiondecreasedincolontissuesinratswithUC.CONCLUSION:ChemicalstimulationofthehypothalamicpVNprovidesaprotectiveeffectagainstUCinjuryinrats.HypothalamicpVN,NTSandvagusnerveplayk

简介：Low-intensityfocusedultrasoundstimulation(FUS),whichpossesseshighspatialresolutionandpenetrationdepth,hasbeendevelopingrapidlyfornoninvasivebrainneuromodulationinrecentyears.Inthisletter,alow-intensityFUSsystemwasdevelopedfornoninvasivebrainneuromodulationinvivo.Theradiusofultrasonicfocalspotwasquantitativelycalculatedintheorytoevaluatethespatialresolution.Thelocalfieldpotential(LFP)ofrathippocompuswererecordedbeforeandafterFUS.TheeffectofFUSonLFPpowerspectrumwasinvestigatedbycomputingtheLFPmeanabsolutepowerandrelativepowerwithWelchalgorithm.TheexperimentresultsshowthatnoninvasiveFUScanenhanceLFPmeanabsolutepowerandaltertheLFPrelativepoweratdifferentfrequencybands.TheresultsindicatethatFUScanmodulatebrainrhythmsandhassignificantpotentialinthemodulationofneuronalandpsychiatricdiseases.