简介：BACKGROUND:Studieshaveshownthatneurogenesisinthedentategyrusplaysanimportantroleinlearningandmemory.However,studieshavenotdeterminedwhetherthesuperiorcervicalganglionorthesympatheticnervesysteminfluenceshippocampalneurogenesisorlearningandmemoryinadultrats.OBJECTIVE:Toobservedifferencesindentategyrusneurogenesis,aswellaslearningandmemory,inadultratsfollowingsuperiorcervicalganglionectomy.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Arandomized,controlled,animalstudywasperformedattheImmunohistochemistryLaboratoryoftheSchoolofLifeSciencesinLanzhouUniversityfromJuly2006toJuly2007.MATERIALS:DoublecortinpolyclonalantibodywasprovidedbySantaCruzBiotechnology,USA;avidin-biotin-peroxidasecomplexwaspurchasedfromZhongshanGoldenbrideBiotechnology,China;MorriswatermazewasboughtfromTaimengTechnology,China.METHODS:Atotalof20adult,male,Wistarratswererandomlydividedintosurgeryandcontrolgroups,with10ratsineachgroup.Inthesurgerygroup,thebilateralsuperiorcervicalganglionsweretransected.Inthecontrolgroup,thesuperiorcervicalganglionswereonlyexposed,butnoganglionectomywasperformed.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Toexaminedistribution,morphology,andnumberofnewbornneuronsinthedentategyrususingdoublecortinimmunohistochemistryat36daysfollowingsurgicalprocedures.ToexamineabilityoflearningandmemoryinadultratsusingtheMorriswatermazeat30daysfollowingsurgicalprocedures.RESULTS:Doublecortinimmunohistochemicalresultsshowedthatareductioninthenumberofdoublecortin-positiveneuronsinthesurgerygroupcomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05),whilethedistributionofdoublecortin-positiveneuronswasidenticalinthetwogroups.Thesurgerygroupexhibitedsignificantlyworseperformanceinlearningandspatialmemorytaskscomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Superiorcervicalganglionectomyinhibitedneurogenesisinthedentategyrusanddecreasedlearningandmemorya

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简介：BACKGROUND:Withdevelopmentsoftissueengineeringandgeneticengineering,weaimtoculturemyoblasts,whicharecharacterizedbyhighpurity,highqualityandhighproduction,forwideapplicationinneuralregenerationresearches.OBJECTIVE:Tomodifytraditionaldissociationmethodinordertoobtainmyoblasts,whicharecharacterizedbyhighpurity,highqualityandhighproduction,andexplorethebiologicalpropertiesunderinvitroculture.DESIGN:Observationalstudy.SETTING:BasicInstituteofAcademyofMilitaryMedicalSciencesofChinesePLA.MATERIALS:FourneonatalWistarratsof5daysold,bothgendersandmeanbodymassof10gwereselectedinthisstudy.Themainreagentsanddevicesweredetailedasfollows:DMEMmedium(GibcoCompany),fetusbovineserum(FBS,HycolneCompany),collagenaseⅡ(SigmaCompany),trypsin(SigmaCompany),dispaseⅡ(SigmaCompany),desminantibody(FuzhouMaixinCompany),antibodyⅡandABCkit(WuhanBosterBiotechnologyCompany),deskcentrifuge(KUBATO,Japan),andinvertedphasecontrastmicroscope(LEICADMIRB,Germany).METHODS:TheexperimentwascarriedoutintheBasicInstituteofAcademyofMilitaryMedicalSciencesofChinesePLAfromJunetoOctober2006.Neonatalratsweresacrificedundersterileconditiontoobtainskeletalmusclesoflimbs,whichwerewashedwithcoldPBS(containingbenzylpenicillinandestreptomicina),andmusculartissuewasshearedintopieces.Then,thosemuscularpieceswereaddedwithmixeddigestiveenzyme(containing2g/LcollagenaseⅡ+5g/LdispaseⅡ+0.28g/LCaCl2)astwicevolumeaspieces,dealtwithmechanicalpipettingfor5minutesandculturedinCO2incubatorfor10minutes.Theoperationwasdoneforthreetimesandthemuscularpiecesweredigestedfor45minutesintotal.Moreover,cellsweresuspendedagaininordertoobtainmyoblastsfromskeletalmuscleofneonatalrats.Inaddition,myoblastswerepurifiedwithdifferentialattachmenttechniqueandenzymedigestionsoastoobservemorpho

简介：Weretrospectivelyanalyzedtheclinicaldataof32patientswithmedicallyintractableidiopathicParkinson'sdiseasewhohadundergonestagedbilateraldeepbrainstimulationofthesubthalamicnucleifromJanuary2007toMay2011.Thevasculartureofthepatientswhoreceivedtwodeepbrainstimulationswasdetectedusingdouble-dosegadolinium-enhancedbrainMRI.Thedimensionsofstraightsinus,superiorsagittalsinus,ipsilateralinternalcerebralveininthethalamicbranchandipsilateralanteriorcaudateveinwerereduced.Thesefindingsdemonstratethatbilateraldeepbrainstimulationofthesubthalamicnucleiaffectscerebralvenousbloodflow.