简介:GoldMedalsinSummerQlympicsMeasuresA1)Programtodevelopjuniorathletestotoplevel2)NationalTrainingCenter3)NationalCoachAcademyB1)Sportsmedicineandsciences(JISS)2)Anti-doping3)Toholdinternationalcompetitions
简介:Background:Althoughevidenceonthehealtheffectsofsedentarybehavior(SB)hasgrownsystematicallyinrecentyears,fewdevelopingcountrieshavereportedpopulationlevelsofSB,especiallyinSouthAmerica.OurobjectivewastodescribetimespentsittinginarepresentativesamplefromChilecategorizedbyage,gender,educationallevel,andbodymassindex(BMI).Methods:AnationalhealthsurveywasconductedinChileinanationallyrepresentativesample(n=5411)in2009-2010.Sittingtime(ST)wasmeasuredwiththeGlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnaireVersion2.Results:Datawerefrom5031participants(43.26±0.41years,mean±SE;40.3%male).Overall,therewerenogenderdifferencesinmeanST(men:158.10±5.80min/day,women143.45±4.77min/day;p=0.05).STwaslowerinthosewholivedinruralareascomparedwithurbanareas(99.4min/dayvs.160.0min/day;p=0.001).STincreasedsignificantlywithincreasingBMI,butonlyinmen(p=0.009),andwaspositivelyrelatedtoyearsofeducationinbothmenandwomen(p<0.0001).Conclusion:Thefindingsweredifferentfromthosereportedinothercountriesandcontexts,reinforcingtheneedforinternationalsurveillanceandmonitoringovertimetoinformpolicymakers.DifferencesinSTacrossdifferentgroupsemphasizetheneedtodeveloptailoredmessagesandinterventionsforreducingSTindifferentpopulationsubgroups.
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简介:通过辨析体育教育训练学的学科性质,探讨博士生培养中存在的问题及其内在原因。研究认为:(1)体育教育训练学自身科学性较低,这与其较大博士生培养规模呈现出矛盾性。这种矛盾是由外在的现实需求与内在的学理性不足所导致的;(2)我国体育教育训练学博士论文选题存在着明显的“越界”现象。这种“越界”现象是由于体育教育训练学自身科学性不足所造成的必然结果。(3)体育教育训练学具有典型的运动实践本质,该学科的人才培养应当与其学科本质相符合,应当坚持以应用型人才培养为主,兼顾科研型人才培养的策略。(4)体育学的“科学共同体”应当深刻体认体育学自身的运动实践性特征,明确体育教学和运动训练在体育学中的重要作用。(5)应当坚持从跨学科视野,借助心理学、生理学、社会学、管理学的研究范式对体育教育和运动训练中的问题进行研究,提升研究的科学性。
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