简介:摘要目的开发一种基于3D-CNN的脑部多发性硬化症(MS)病灶图像的自动分割方法。方法该分割方法分为两个阶段,包括2个CNN卷积层和池化层。第一阶段初步筛选出病灶体素,第二阶段进一步限定条件,从第一阶段得到的病灶体素中挑选出最终的分割结果。在MICCAI2016公共数据集上,对所提出的方法进行实验验证,并与其他的基线方法进行比较。结果对于15位MS患者的MRI图像,所提出方法得到的平均相似性系数(DSC)为0.59,相比于3个基线方法,分别提高了2%、3%和4%。结论所提出基于3D-CNN的图像分割方法在3D空间上对MRI图像进行分割,相比2D图像分割,对于临床诊断更具意义。
简介:AbstractPanax notoginseng is an ancient Chinese medicinal plant that has great clinical value in regulating cardiovascular disease in China. As a single component of panax notoginosides, notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) belongs to the panaxatriol group. Many reports have demonstrated that NGR1 exerts multiple pharmacological effects in ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, acute renal injury, and intestinal injury. Here, we outline the available reports on the pharmacological effects of NGR1 in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We also discuss the chemistry, composition and molecular mechanism underlying the anti-I/R injury effects of NGR1. NGR1 had significant effects on reducing cerebral infarct size and neurological deficits in cerebral I/R injury, ameliorating the impaired mitochondrial morphology in myocardial I/R injury, decreasing kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in renal I/R injury and attenuating jejunal mucosal epithelium injury in intestinal I/R injury. The various organ anti-I/R injury effects of NGR1 are mainly through the suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and promotion of angiogenesis and neurogenesis. These findings provide a reference basis for future research of NGR1 on I/R injury.
简介:摘要目的开发一套能高效准确地从GWAS Catalog公开数据库中筛选全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的R脚本。方法参考既往研究制定GWAS的筛选原则。将人工在GWAS Catalog的筛选过程抽象为标准的算法,2名程序员共同撰写R脚本(gwasfilter.R)后,由他人多次对脚本进行测试。结果采用gwasfilter.R筛选GWAS包含6个步骤。该脚本内置5个主要函数,可以同时根据“是否有验证人群”“样本量大小”和“研究人群种族”等条件对GWAS进行筛选。筛选单个性状时,程序用时不超过1秒。结论gwasfilter.R操作简便,筛选过程高效而标准化,可灵活应用于GWAS筛选。脚本源代码网址:https://github.com/lab319/gwas_filter。
简介:摘要目的通过分析广州中医药大学第一附属医院名医工作室的成果评价名医工作室建设效果及各验收指标间的相关性。方法运用R软件统计2010—2018年立项的国家级名医工作室相关数据,利用雷达图进行优势分析;计算Spearman相关性系数,用R软件绘制各评价指标之间的相关性热图;计算机检索建设期内工作室成员发表的论文,经Refworks格式转化后,导入CiteSpace软件绘制可视化知识图谱。结果本研究共纳入506篇文献,涉及25个评价指标,22个国家级名医工作室;统计分析结果显示,在核心期刊上发表的名老中医药专家学术经验论文数(v3)与整理优势病种诊疗方案数(v1)等6组指标有显著的正相关性,8组指标有明显负相关性;耳鸣、失眠、卵巢早衰、针刺及针灸疗法等是研究热点。结论评价名医工作室建设效果时应综合各项指标全面衡量,适当控制成员数有利于提高人才培养的质量,在培养过程中要重视经验交流和思想碰撞。
简介:AbstractAlthough the first-line rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone regimen (R-CHOP) substantially improved outcomes for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 40% of the patients suffered from relapsed/refractory disease and had poor survival outcomes. The detailed mechanism underlying R-CHOP resistance has not been well defined. For this review, we conducted a thorough search for literature and clinical trials involving DLBCL resistance. We discussed DLBCL biology, epigenetics, and aberrant signaling of the B-cell receptor (BCR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-κB), and the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways as defining mechanisms of DLBCL heterogeneity and R-CHOP resistance. The cell of origin, double- or triple-hit lymphoma and double-protein-expression, clonal evolution, tumor microenvironment, and multi-drug resistance help to contextualize DLBCL resistance in an (epi)genetically and biologically comparative manner. With better understanding of the biological and molecular landscape of DLBCL, a more detailed classification system and tailored treatments will ideally become available to further improve the prognosis of DLBCL patients.
简介:AbstractBackground:Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignancy with highly female incidence. So far the function of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), the extract from Panax notoginseng, has not been clearly elucidated in BC.Methods:Optimal culture concentration and time of NGR1 were investigated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell proliferation ability was measured by colony formation assays. Transwell assay was used to detect the effect of NGR1 on cell migration and invasion. The apoptosis rate of cells between each group was measured by TUNEL assay.Results:NGR1 treatment has an inhibitory effect on proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis and a stimulating effect on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells. The 50% growth inhibitory concentration for MCF-7 cells at 24 h was 148.9 mmol/L. The proportions of MCF-7 cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase were 36.94±6.78%, 45.06 ± 5.60%, and 59.46±5.60% in the control group, 75, and 150 mmol/L groups, respectively. Furthermore, we revealed that NGR1 treatment attenuates BC progression by targeted downregulating CCND2 and YBX3 genes. Additionally, YBX3 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway by activating kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene, which is an activator of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion:These results suggest that NGR1 can act as an efficacious drug candidate that targets the YBX3/PI3K/Akt axis in patients with BC.
简介:摘要目的探讨肝细胞癌(肝癌)手术患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)变化规律,并初步探讨其来源及临床意义。方法回顾性分析2013年9月至2014年1月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的45例肝癌患者临床资料。其中男40例,女5例;年龄36~75岁,中位年龄53岁。选取同期6例肝硬化患者为对照。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。采用ELISA法测定患者血清sIL-2R含量;根据血清sIL-2R含量中位数,将患者分为sIL-2R高水平组和sIL-2R低水平组,观察术前sIL-2R水平与临床病理学参数、生存预后、肿瘤复发的关系。采用免疫组化、免疫荧光染色检测肝癌组织sIL-2R的表达情况。两组血清sIL-2R水平比较采用t检验,sIL-2R水平与临床病理学参数关系分析采用χ2检验。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法及Log-rank检验。结果肝癌患者血清sIL-2R为(142±16)pmol/L,明显高于肝硬化患者的(61±7)pmol/L(t=2.488,P<0.05)。术前sIL-2R水平与HBsAg、BCLC分期密切相关(χ2=7.753,4.465;P<0.05)。sIL-2R术后1个月内明显降低,肿瘤复发时再次升高,复发肿瘤再切除后可再次下降。sIL-2R高水平组患者中位生存时间为25个月,sIL-2R较低组为33个月,两组生存率差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.945,P<0.05))。sIL-2R高水平组手术患者3年复发率为78.2% ,明显高于sIL-2R低水平组的44.6%(χ2=5.165,P<0.05)。免疫组化、免疫荧光染色显示白细胞介素2受体α(IL-2Rα)主要定位于肝星状细胞。结论肝癌患者血清sIL-2R含量明显升高,其与肿瘤复发和患者生存有关,sIL-2R来源于肝星状细胞,其在肝癌免疫疫调控中起一定作用。
简介:摘要对南京医科大学附属儿童医院诊治的1例PIK3R1基因突变致SHORT综合征患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。患儿,女,11岁5个月,因"多食、多饮、多尿2个月"就诊。查体:面部脂肪少、三角脸、眼睛深陷、宽鼻梁、鼻翼小、鼻部下端小柱状低垂、嘴角下垂,颈部、腋下、肘窝、腘窝及腹股沟皮肤呈黑棘皮样皮肤改变及双肘轻度外翻、伸展过度。实验室检查提示胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病。全外显子组基因测序发现患儿携带PIK3R1基因杂合突变(c.1945C>T,p.Arg649Trp)。SHORT综合征为罕见的常染色体显性遗传病,以特征性面容、脂肪萎缩及胰岛素抵抗为临床特点,检测PIK3R1基因有助于诊断。SHORT综合征的诊治需要多学科管理,而早期诊断可减少并发症发生和减轻家庭负担。
简介:摘要患儿 女,15岁,因“多饮、多尿1年”于2019年11月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院内分泌遗传代谢科,患儿1年前出现多饮多尿,10余日前因上呼吸道感染就诊,血糖28.3 mmol/L,诊断为糖尿病,给予胰岛素治疗,血糖控制差。基因检测发现PIK3R1基因新生变异(c.1945C>T,p.Arg649Trp),确诊为以身材矮小,关节过度伸展和(或)腹股沟疝,眼凹陷,Reiger异常, 出牙延迟为主要表现的综合征,简称为SHORT综合征。该病临床少见,且表现多样,易漏诊、误诊,临床医生应加强对该病的认识。
简介:摘要目的对新安医学古籍中治疗郁证的方药使用规律进行数据挖掘,深度剖析新安医家治疗郁证组方的用药思路。方法检索《中华医典》第5版以及中医古籍文献数据库在线资源中新安医家治疗郁证的有关文献,使用Excel提取处方信息建立数据库,运用R语言对处方所使用的中药频次、性味、关联规则和聚类进行数据分析。结果共筛选出符合条件的处方127首,使用中药共177味,用药总频次1 031次,使用频次最高的前3位的中药依次为茯苓(57次)、甘草(46次)、白芍(40次);药物四气以平性和温性为主,其中温性药物使用频次最多,累计298次;药物五味使用频数较高者为辛、苦、甘3类,辛味药频次475次,占比28.70%,其次是苦味药,频次459次,占比27.73%,甘味药453次,占比27.37%;置信度 > 0.800的药物组合依次为甘草+当归,甘草+当归、白芍,甘草+柴胡,甘草+白术,香附+川芎,当归+白术、甘草,白芍+当归、茯苓,甘草+当归、茯苓,甘草+白术、当归,甘草+柴胡、白芍,甘草+白术、人参,甘草+人参、当归,香附+神曲,人参+黄芪,甘草+黄芪。结论新安医家治疗郁证的方剂药物性味以辛、苦、甘、温为主,调节人体寒热阴阳,缓急调和,宣通气机。