简介：ThestudywasmadebyobservingtheannualchangeofthegonadaldevelopmentofamphioxusinXiamencohtinuouslyfortwoyearsfromNovember,1986toNovember,1988.Wedeterminedthegonadaldiameter,gonadosomaticindexofeachamphioxus,andobservedthehistologicalcharacteristicofthegonadaldevelopmentofthefemaleandmalebycutsection,whichprovidedthebasisfordividingthestagesgonadsandthedetermininglevelofthegonadaldevelopmentofamphioxusineachmonth.

简介：TheBohai,thelargestinlandseainChina,isabundantinmarineresources.However,withthepapereconomicgrowthintheCricum-BohaiBayAreaintherecentyears,theenvironmentalpollutioninthisareahasbecomemoreandmoreserious,resultinginasubstantialdeclineanddeteriorationofmarineresources.Inviewofthiscriticalsituation,themethodforsustainabledevelopmentofmarineresourcesintheBohaiSeaisdiscussed.Practicalmeasuresandfeasiblesuggestionsareputforwardinthispaperwiththepurposeofpreventingandcontrollingenvironmentalpollutionaswellasnaturaldisasters,andeventuallyachievingtheaimofthesustainabledevelopmentofmarineresourcesinthisarea.

简介：Usingmeteorologicaldataoffieldobservationin1990～2000,especiallypolarorbithighresolutionNOAAsatellitecloudmapsreceivedfromtheAntarcticexpeditionvesselsince1997,theformationanddevelopmentofthePrydzBaycyclonearestudiedinthispaper.Somenewviewpointsaresuggestedsuchas:whensurround-polarcycloneentersthePrydzBay,itcanalsointensifyanddevelopinsummer;cyclonecanalsodevelopintheeasterliesinthisbay.TheseviewpointsreviseolduncompleteviewpointthatthePrydzBayisaburialgroundofcyclone,andalsofurtherconsummateformation-developmenttheoryofsurround-cycloneintheAntarcticwesterliesandcycloneintheAntarcticeasterlies.Inthispaper,themechanismofice-air-seainteractioninthePrydzBayisstudied,andthephysicalprocessofcycloneformation-developmentisexplained.Byuseofwhollydynamictransportationmethod,anenergyexchangecaseofacyclone,whichexplosivelydevelopedafterenteringthePrydzBay,iscalculated.Intheopenwaterarea,momentumfluxis-2.205N/m2,sensibleheatfluxis486.69W/m2,andlatentheatfluxis261.84W/m2.ItislargerthanvaluesofwesterliesburstoverthePacific.Theheattransferredfromoceantoatmosphereinformofsensibleandlatentheatpromotescyclonedevelopmentrapidly.Inthiscasewindforcewasasstrongas12grade,with10minutesaveragewindspeedof38m/s,andinstantaneouswindspeedof100m/swhichbrokethewindspeedrecordof96m/sintheAntarctic(WendlerandKodama).

简介：

简介：Underwatergliders,whichglidethroughwatercolumnsbyuseofapairofwings,areefficientlong-distance,long-durationmarineenvironmentobservatoryplatforms.TheSea-Wingunderwaterglider,developedbytheShenyangInstituteofAutomation,CAS,isdesignedfortheapplicationofdeep-seaenvironmentvariablesobservation.Thesystemcomponents,themechanicaldesign,andthecontrolsystemdesignoftheSea-Wingunderwaterglideraredescribedinthispaper.Thepitchandrolladjustingmodelsarederivedbasedonthemechanicaldesign,andtheadjustingcapabilitiesforthepitchandrollareanalyzedaccordingtothemodels.Fieldexperimentshavebeencarriedoutforvalidatingtheglidingmotionandtheabilityofmeasuringoceanenvironmentvariables.Experimentalresultsofthemotionperformancesofthegliderarepresented.

简介：高光谱影像包含有丰富的地物类别信息,但由于受分类方法等因素的限制,这些信息并不能得到充分的挖掘.组合分类器由于可以实现各分类结果信息的互补,因而总有着较各单分类器效果更好的分类性能.将组合分类方法引入到高光谱影像的分类实践中,并对组合的关键问题一组合规则进行探讨,提出了混合组合规则的概念.实验表明,利用该组合分类方法对高光谱影像进行分类,可以得到良好的处理结果.

简介：Takifugu的消化道在早年生活舞台期间磨擦ripes与光被学习显微镜学。在孵化的开始，消化道被一个简单、无差别的直试管代表并且不与外表交流，因为嘴和肛门还不是开的。在在孵化以后的2d，在将成为intestino直肠的阀门的肠和直肠之间的收缩是可见的。在内长的喂阶段期间，蛋黄囊被再吞，消化道变得功能、区分。肝和胰在这时候也变得明显。在外长的喂的发作(在孵化以后的3d)，蛋黄囊resesvesare不完全弄空，建议混合营养的经期。消化道充分区分进buccopharynx，食管，胃，肠和直肠。在在孵化以后的9d，蛋黄囊储备完全被弄空。从5to发生的最显著的事件在孵化以后的17d是epithelia类型，灵魂囊的区别，上皮的房间，内脏卷绕旋转，mucosal褶层增加，和肝和胰的生长的转变。从在孵化以后的18～27d，肠褶层和粘液房间的数字日益增多地增加。从那时起，消化特征的词法变化几乎被完成。在在孵化以后的27d，消化系统的形态学和函数类似于成年人的。

简介：Inmarineengineering,thestrengthofasubmarinesedimentisanindispensableparameterforassessmentofconstruction.Inthisstudy,afree-fallconepenetratornamedIPenwasdevelopedtorealizearapidandefficientmeasurementofsedimentstrength.Theequipmentischaracterizedbymodulardesignandself-containeddataacquisition.Itisequippedwithanaccelerationsensor,awaterpressuresensor,andapiezoconepenetrationtest(CPTu)probe.Itisdesignedtobereleasedfromnearseabedsurfacewithareleaserandthenfallfreelytoprovideahigherpenetrationvelocity.Itsmaximumworkingdepthisapproximately2500mandmaximumpenetrationdepthisapproximately3m.Toderivethecorrelationbetweenpenetrationresistanceandsedimentstrength,acalibratorwasdevisedtodeterminethepenetration-ratefactor.Inaddition,thefactorapplicabletoinsitutestpointswasdeterminedinlaboratoryexperiments.InJune2016,theIPenwastestedinsituintheSouthYellowSea,China,duringasharedvoyagefundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Meanwhile,undisturbedcolumnsampleswerecollectedforlaboratorytests.Basedontheinsitutestresults,itwasdemonstratedthattheIPencouldaccuratelyrecordtheworkingstatesofvarioussensorsduringthefreelyfallingcourse.IPentestresultsreliablyreflectedthesedimentstrengthatallthetestingpointswhencomparedwithlaboratorycalibrationtests,insituvanetestsandpenetrationtests,laboratorypenetrationtests,andunconsolidatedandundrainedtriaxialcompressiontests.

简介：Oceaninformationmanagementisofgreatimportanceasithasbeenemployedinmanyareasofoceanscienceandtechnology.However,thedevelopmentsofOceanInformationSystems(OISs)oftensufferfromlowefficiencybecauseofrepetitiveworkandcontinuousmodificationscausedbydynamicrequirements.Inthispaper,thebasicrequirementsofOISsareanalyzedfirst,andthenanovelplatformDPOIisproposedtoimprovedevelopmentefficiencyandenhancesoftwarequalityofOISsbyprovidingoff-the-shelfresources.Intheplatform,theOISisdecomposedhierarchicallyintoasetofmodules,whichcanbereusedindifferentsystemdevelopments.Thesemodulesincludetheacquisitionmiddlewareanddataloaderthatcollectdatafrominstrumentsandfilesrespectively,thedatabasethatstoresdataconsistently,thecomponentsthatsupportfastapplicationgeneration,thewebservicesthatmakethedatafromdistributedsourcessyntacticalbyuseofpredefinedschemasandtheconfigurationtoolkitthatenablessoftwarecustomization.Withtheassistanceofthedevelopmentplatform,thesoftwaredevelopmentneedsnoprogrammingandthedevelopmentprocedureisthusacceleratedgreatly.Wehaveappliedthedevelopmentplatforminpracticaldevelopmentsandevaluateditsefficiencyinseveraldevelopmentpracticesanddifferentdevelopmentapproaches.TheresultsshowthatDPOIsignificantlyimprovesdevelopmentefficiencyandsoftwarequality.

简介：TheChangjiangRiverDeltaisadeltaoftremendousscalewhichisformedunderthecontroloftideandtidalcurrents.ThestudyontheroleoftideandtidalcurrentsintheprocessofformationanddevelopmentoftheChangjiangRiverDeltacanprovideatypicalexamplefortheocean-continentinteractionprocessintheeastareaofourcountry.ThetideandtidalcurrentsintheBohaiSea,YellowSeaandEastChinaSeaatthepost-glacialtransgressionmaximumaresimulated,thesedimenttransportfieldinthePaleo-ChangjiangRiverEstuary(PCRE)anditsperipheralareaatthattimeiscalculated,andtheseabederosion/accretionpatternisobtainedaccordingtothedivergenceofsedimenttransportrate.Theresultsshowthatadistinctivewavebellyofstandingtidalwaveexistedatthepost-glacialtransgressionmaximumandthewavebellylinesprotrudedseawardsfromthewavebellypointinthemouthofthePCRE.Underthewavebellycontroltidalcurrentsconvergetoordivergefromthewavebell

简介：虽然许多注意被给了描述波浪的模型，潮和沉积运输在足够的详细处理决定在床上的本地变化在深测术的一个相对详细的代表上铺平，远，更少的注意被给了在大得多的规模考虑这个问题的模型(例如象一条潮汐的扁平、潮汐的隧道那样的geomorphological元素的)。这聚集了或lumped模型趋于不表示这些过程详细，但是相当在兴趣的规模捕获行为。如此的模型用平衡集中的概念开发了的是聚集的规模在潮汐的盆和邻近的海岸(ASMITA)之间的词法相互作用。在这份报纸，我们提供一些新卓见进平衡，和是这条建模途径的关键部件的水平、垂直的交换的概念。在一份同伴报纸，我们总结被承担了扩大原来的模型概念的开发的一个范围，到说明概念的框架的灵活性和力量。然而，日益增多地增加详细在详细基于过程的模型和我们给某考虑到在二之间的边界的更多的方向感动模特儿。聚集模型规模的HighlightsThe概念被探索，ASMITA模型的基础详细被构画出在在快规模的基于过程的模型和在聚集的模型使用的水平交换使用了的分散之间的关系被探索提出合适的平衡关系的基础被解释其他的方法包括移流和分散检验。

简介：Basedonthecharacteristicsofwaves,tidalcurrents,sedimentandseabedevolutionintheCaofeidianseaareaintheBohaiBay,a2Dsedimentmathematicalmodelofwavesandtidalcurrentsisemployedtostudythedevelopmentschemesoftheharbor.Verificationofspringandneaptidalcurrentsandsedimentinthewinterandsummerof2006showsthatthecalculatedvaluesoftidalstagesaswellasflowvelocities,flowdirectionsandsedimentconcentrationof15synchronousverticallinesareingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Also,depositionanderosionoftheseaareainfrontofCaofeidianoreterminalinducedbysuspendedloadundertidalcurrentsandwavesareverified;itshowsthatthecalculatedvaluesofdepthofdepositionanderosionaswellastheirdistributionareclosetothemeasureddata.Furthermore,effectsofreclamationschemeofislandinfrontofthelandbehindCaofeidianharboronthehydrodynamicenvironmentarestudied,includingchangesofflowvelocitiesinthedeepchannelsatthesouthsideofCaofeidianforelandandLaolonggouandinvariousharborbasins,aswellaschangesofdepositionanderosionofseabedinducedbytheproject.

简介：Tothepotentialoil-spillriskcausedbyoffshorepipelinemoreattentionhasbeenpaidaftertheDalianoilspillincidentfromoil-pipelineexplosion.Sincethenanissueabouthowtopreventandcontrolthesuddenoil-spillfromtheoffshorepipelinehasbeenraised.Inthispaper,weproposedanoptimizedmodeltoanalyzethemaincauses(probability)ofspillandtheconsequencewiththefuzzycomprehensiveassessmentmodel.Consideringthecomplicatedassessmentprocessforoil-spill,theassessmentfactorsysteminvolvingthespillprobabilityandconsequencewasestablishedbasedontheoperativemanualandstatisticleakage/damagedataofoffshorepipelineinordertoestimatetheintegratedspillriskscoreautomatically.Theevaluatedfactorsofspillprobabilitycouldbegroupedintofiveaspects:corrosion,fatigue,nationaldamage,thirdparty,andoperationalfault;theconsequenceevaluatedfactorsofspillincludedhazardofoilandimpact-controllingcapability.Withsomemodificationsbasedonexperts’opinions,eachoftheevaluatedfactorsinourworkwasdevelopedwitharelativeweightandevaluationcriterion.AtestexampleforanoffshorepipelineintheBohaiwaterswasdescribedtoshowhowthemodelcanbeusedforanactualcaseinmoredetail.Byusingtheoil-spillriskassessmentmodel,itiseasytodeterminetherisklevelassociatedwiththeongoingactivityandmanagementlevelandhencetotaketheriskmitigationactionimmediately.

简介：Inthispaper,theanalysisoftheoccurrenceandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcycloneismadewiththeunstabletheoryofwave.Theresultindicatesthattheprimarywaveistheunstableinertia-gravitywaveintheprocessoftheoccurrenceandthedeveJopmantoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone:Theexistenceofthedeepmoistlayerandtheheatingbymoisturecondensationcanimpelandintensifytheunstabilityofthewaveandisfavourableforthereductionofthewaveenergydispersion,therefore,itisgoodfortheformationandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone,andalsocanslowdownthewavespeed.Besides,theconditionthatthechangeofthespecificvolumeofthebasicstatewithpressureislessthanthatofadiabaticstatemayalsoleadtothewaveunstability,thusmayhavecertaineffectontheoccurrenceandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone.

简介：“亚特兰特”号海洋调查船为目前世界上最先进的调查船之一。除在法国管辖海域进行海洋调查活动以外,还在世界各海区与有关国家合作,进行海洋科技调查。该船1996年4月22日至5月20日与我国国家海洋局一所、二所合

简介：首先利用支持向量机（SVM）和人工神经网络（ANN）对Landsat8OLI多光谱影像进行基于光谱信息的土地利用监督分类;然后,对多波段进行主成分变换,提取第一主成分的主要纹理信息,与光谱信息一起进行融合光谱和纹理信息的SVM和ANN影像监督分类.对比分析发现：对中原地区,SVM是Landsat8多光谱遥感影像分类的较优方法,尤其适用于农业用地信息提取;光谱分类即可达到较高精度,纹理信息对提高分类精度的作用十分有限.

简介：Thepresentstudywasconductedtoevaluatethefeasibilityofreplacingfishmeal(FM)withbioactivepeptides(BPs)indietofwhiteshrimp(Litopenaeusvannamei).Thechangesingrowthperformance,bodycomposition,non-specificimmunity,andwaterqualitywereexaminedaftertheshrimpwerefedfourdiets,inwhich0%(control),33.3%,66.7%and100%ofFMwasreplacedbyBPs,respectively.ThegroupsweredesignatedasCon,1/3BPs,2/3BPs,and3/3BPs.Atotalof720shrimpwithaninitialbodyweightof1.46±0.78gwerefedtheexperimentaldietsfor56days.Theresultsrevealedthat:1)theweightgainrate(WGR)in1/3BPs,2/3BPs,and3/3BPswassignificantlyhigherthanthatinCon(P<0.05),whilenosignificantdifferencewasfoundonsurvivalrateandfeedconversionratio(FCR);2)thewhole-bodycrudeprotein(CP)andcrudelipids(CL)weresignificantlydifferentamonggroups,whiletherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweencrudeashandphosphoruscontents;3)thelevelsofacidphosphatase(ACP),lysozyme(LZM),superoxidedismutase(SOD),phenoloxidase(PO)andbactericidalactivityincreasedsignificantlywiththeinclusionofBPs;4)intermsofwaterquality,nosignificantdifferencewasfoundinpHanddissolvedoxygenamongdietsduringthewholeexperimentalperiod.Moreover,eventhoughnitriteandammoniumlevelstendedtoincreasewithtime,therewasnosignificantdifferenceamonggroups.TheresultsindicatedthatBPsisanapplicablealternativeofproteinsource,whichcansubstituteFMinthedietsofL.vannamei;itisabletoeffectivelypromotegrowthperformanceandimproveimmunity.Moreover,BPsinthedietshadnonegativeimpactonwaterquality.

简介：针对海底采样点较少时,监督学习训练分类模型困难的问题,研究无监督学习的K-均值聚类分析算法在多波束海底底质分类中的应用。在探讨K-均值聚类分析算法原理的基础上,构建海底底质分类器,针对分类器需预先输入分类结果种类（K值）这一问题,提出了基于底质采样点和分类效果连续性为原则的K值确定方法。实验结果表明：基于K-均值聚类分析算法的海底底质分类器能较好的实现海底底质类型的自动划分,适用于海量多波束底质特征参数的分类。

简介：国际海道测量组织是海道测量领域全球唯一的国际性、政府间、技术咨询组织,长期主导着标准和技术的发展方向,先后发布了多种出版物.研究了IHO出版物的分类、出版物主要内容,分析了IHO出版物的发展趋势,最后提出了相关的工作建议.

简介：TodetecttheintergenerichybridizationbetweentheoysterCrassostreaangulataandSaccostreacucullatacoexistingalongthesoutherncoastofChina,reciprocalcrosseswereconductedbetweenthetwospecies.Barriersforspermrecognizing,binding,penetratingtheegg,andformingthepronucleusweredetectedbyfluorescencestaining.Fromtheresults,althoughfertilizationsuccesswasobservedinhybridcrosses,theoverallfertilizationratewaslowerthanthatofintraspecificcrosses.Alargenumberofhybridlarvaediedat6–8dafterhatching,andthosesurvivedcouldnotcompletemetamorphosis.C.angulata♀×S.cucullata♂larvaehadagrowthratesimilartothatofthematernalspecies,whereasS.cucullata♀×C.angulata♂larvaegrewtheslowestamongallcrosses.Moleculargeneticsanalysisrevealedthathybridprogenywereamphimixishybrids.ThisstudydemonstratedthathybridembryosgeneratedbycrossingC.angulataandS.cucullatacoulddevelopnormallytothelarvalstate,butcouldnotcompletemetamorphosisandthendeveloptothespatstage.Thus,thereisapost-reproductiveisolationbetweenC.angulataandS.cucullata.