简介：半的答案性质参量的模型被分析，特别，最不惩罚了那为半摆平参量的模型当矩阵B~TPB是ill-posedor时，将无效单个。根据为线性参量的模型的山脉估计的原则，为半概括了惩罚最少的广场参量的模型被提出，并且一些公式和估计的统计性质被导出。最后，根据模拟例子，一些有用结论被得出。

简介：Dynamiccharacisticsoflargestructures,suchastallbuildings,long_spansuspension,cable_stayedbridgesandtallchimneys,includingrelativedisplacementsandvibratingfrequencies,arekeytoassesstheirdriftandstressconditions,Thesestr_ucturesaredifficulttomeasuredirectly,especiallyundertheconditionofearthquakesorstrongwind/typhoon.Ingeneral,accelerometersarethemostcommoninstrumentsusedtomonitortheresponseofstructuralsystems,butdisplacementmeasuringrequiresprocessingbydoubleintegration.Theintegrationprocesscannotbeautomatedbecauseofthefollowingrequirementsofsignalprocessing:(a)choiceoffiltersandbaselinecorrection(theconstantsofintegration),and(b)substantialjudgmentswhenanomaliesexistintherecords.Consequently,thisprocesscanleadtoerrorsinthecalculationofvelocitiesanddisplacements,someasurementswithaccelerometercannotbeusedtodiscoverdisplacementsatthecentimeterlevelinreal_timeornearreal_time.Othertraditionalmethods,likelasercollimatorandtotalstation,canbealsoappliedtomeasuredisplacementsatveryhighprecision,butcannotworkproperlyduringearthquakesorstrongwinds/typhoons,andinmostcasesdonotworkinreal_timeornearreal_time.Untilrecently,therearenoefficientorfeasiblemethodstomeasuredisplacementsduringanearthquakeorseverewind.Therefore,thereisagreatneedfordevelopinganewmethodortechniquetomonitorthedynamiccharacteristicsoflargestructurespreciselyinreal_timeornearreal_timeunderbadconditions.　　Fortunately,recentadvancesinGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)technologyenableabove_mentionedlong_periodchangesofstructurestobereliablymonitored.GPSreceiverswithacapabilityofresolvingmotionatthecentimeterorsub_centimeterlevelandsamplingfrequency10Hzoreven20Hzarenowavailablefromseveralmanufacturers.Thatprovidesagreatopportunitytomonitorlong_periodchangesofstructuresreliably,andwillbeveryusefulfors

简介：多，路径长在GPSapplications被认为主要错误来源。多，路径完成的GPS信号的特征被分析，基于哪个考虑动态变丑监视的特征的一个实验被执行了。在二连续的天内的观察数据的答案结果被一个方法处理，它联合过滤的小浪和在二连续的天之间的微分修正。研究证明多，路径错误在连续的天有更强壮的重覆性；在显著地减轻影响以后多，路径完成，为GPS动态变丑监视的three-dimensionalpositioning的精确性能达到公里水平，特别地在垂直部件改善的明显的精确性。GPS的特征多表明路径，试验性的计划并且质并且结果的定量分析被详细说明。

简介：Thispaperdescribesthestochasticmodelofthescatteredelectromagneticfield.Unlikecommon-usedfunctional-determinedmodelstheproposedischaracterisedbyamplitude/phasefluctuationofthereceivedsignal.Thispaperderivesthestatisticalcharacteristicoftheinputsignalanddescribesalgorithmforitsestimationinpost-processingandreal-timeprocessingmodes.Achievedcharacteristicsallowthemappingandestimationofthesurfacemodelsmoreaccurate,moreover,suchprocessingincreasespaceresolutionofsyntheticapertureradar.

简介：这研究估计表面城市的热岛(UHI)和它用遥感的物理特征接近的联系表面。在三个不同季节在2005获得的TERRA/MODIS图象被选择在中国为Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan大城市的区域产生陆地表面温度和表面特征。城市的热岛效果和它的季节的变化的紧张被检验。结果证明UHI效果在夏天和春天两个都是重要的。城市里的陆地表面温度是8????吗？？