简介：对于现在的医学研究生来说,查阅SCI论文、了解并亲历其写作和发表过程是读书期间非常重要的环节,也能为以后继续从事科研工作打下坚实的基础。医学研究生亟需提高SCI论文写作能力。

简介：研究生教育是我国培养创新人才的主要途径之一。简要分析了新形势下军队研究生教育的特点和规律，查找影响研究生教育质量的问题，就如何提高研究生教育质量提出了对策和建议。

简介：Inthispaperwedevelopanelasto-dynamicmodelofthehumanarmforuseinneuro-muscularcontrolanddynamicinteractionstudies.Themotivationforthisworkistopresentacasefordevelopingandusingnon-quasistaticmodelsofhumanmusculo-skeletalbiomechanics.Themodelisbasedonhybridparametermultiplebodysystem(HPMBS)variationalprojectionprinciples.Inthispaper,wepresentanoverviewoftheHPMBSvariationalprincipleappliedtothefullelasto-dynamicmodelofthearm.Thegeneralityofthemodelallowsonetoincorporatemuscleeffectsaseitherloadstransmittedthroughthetendonatpointsoforiginandinsertionorasaneffectivetorqueatajoint.Thoughthetechniqueissuitablefordetailedboneandjointmodeling,wepresentinthisinitialeffortonlysimplegeometrywiththebonesdiscretizedasRayleighbeamswithelongation,whileallowingforlargedeflections.Simulationsdemonstratetheviabilityofthemcthodforuseinthecompanionpaperandinfuturestudies.

简介：ThispaperisfocusedonthemodelidentificationofaMicroAirVehicle(MAV)instraightsteadyflightcondition.Theidentificationisbasedoninput-outputdatacollectedfromflighttestsusingbothfrequencyandtimedomaintechniques.Thevehicleisanin-house40cmwingspanairplane.Becauseofthecomplexcoupled,multivariableandnonlineardynamicsoftheaircraft,linearSISOstructuresforboththelateralandlongitudinalmodelsaroundareferencestatewerederived.TheaimoftheidentificationistoprovidemodelsthatcanbeusedinfuturedevelopmentofcontroltechniquesfortheMAV.

简介：Indryattachmentsystemsofspidersandgeckos,vanderWaalsforcesmediateattractionbetweensubstrateandanimaltarsus.Inparticular,thescopulaofEvarchaarcuataspidersallowsforreversibleattachmentandeasydetachmenttoabroadrangeofsurfaces.Hence,reproducingthescopula’sroughnesscompatibilitywhilemaintaininganti-bunchingfeaturesanddirtparticlerepellencebehaviorisacentraltaskforabiomimetictransfertoanengineeredmodel.InthepresentworkwemodelthescopulaofE.arcuatafromamechano-elasticpointofviewanalyzingtheinfluenceofitshierarchicalstructureontheattachmentbehavior.Byconsideringbiologicaldataofthegeckoandspider,andthesimulationresults,theadhesivecapabilitiesofthetwoanimalsarecomparedandimportantconfirmationsandnewdirectivesinordertoreproducetheoverallstructurearefound.Moreover,apossiblesuggestionofhowthespiderdetachesinaneasyandfastmannerisproposedandsupportedbytheresults.

简介：Extenicsisanewlydevelopedinterdisciplinarysubjectcombiningmathematics,philosophyandengineering.Itprovidesusefulformalizedqualitativetoolsandquantitativetoolsforsolvingcontradictoryproblems.Inthispaper,extensiontheoryisintroducedbrieflyandtheprimaryapplicationsofthistheoryandmethodsinbionicengineeringresearcharediscussed.Theextensionmodelofbiologicalcouplingfunctionalsystemisestablished.Inordertoidentifytheprimaryandsecondarysequencingofcouplingelements,theExtensionAnalyticHierarchyProcess(EAHP)wasadoptedtoanalyzethecontributionofeachcouplingelementtothecouplingfunctionalsystem.Thus,theinfluenceweightfactorofeachcouplingelementcanbedetermined,soastoprovideanewapproachforsolvingprimaryandsecondarysequencingproblemofcouplingelementsinaquantitativeway,andfacilitatethesubsequentbioniccouplingstudy.

简介：Reliablecomputationalfootmodelsofferanalternativemeanstoenhanceknowledgeonthebiomechanicsofhumanfoot.Modelvalidationisoneofthemostcriticalaspectsoftheentirefootmodelingandanalysisprocess.Thispaperpresentsaninvivoexperimentcombiningmotioncapturesystemandplantarpressuremeasureplatformtovalidateathree-dimensionalfiniteelementmodelofhumanfoot.TheMagneticResonanceImaging(MRI)slicesforthefootmodelingandtheexperimentaldataforvalidationwerebothcollectedfromthesamevolunteersubject.Thevalidatedcomponentsincludedthecomparisonofstaticmodelpredictionsofplantarforce,plantarpressureandfootsurfacedeformationduringsixloadingconditions,toequivalentmeasureddata.Duringthewholeexperiment,footsurfacedeformation,plantarforceandplantarpressurewererecordedsimultaneouslyduringsixdifferentloadedstandingconditions.ThepredictionsofthecurrentFEmodelwereingoodagreementwiththeseexperimentalresults.

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简介：Basedonauditoryperipheralsimulationmodel,anewSoundQualityObjectiveEvaluation(SQOE)methodispresented,whichcanbeusedtomodelandanalyzetheimpactsofhead,shoulderandotherpartsofhumanbodyonsoundwavetrans-mission.Thismethodemploystheartificialheadtechnique,inwhichtheheadrelatedtransferfunctionwastakenintoaccounttotheouterearsimulationphase.First,abionicartificialheadwasdesignedastheouterearmodelwithconsideringtheoutersoundfieldinviewoftheoryandphysicalexplanations.Thentheauditoryperipheralsimulationmodelwasbuilt,whichmimicsthephysiologicalfunctionsofthehumanhearing,simulatingtheacousticsignaltransferprocessandconversionmechanismsfromthefreefieldtotheperipheralauditorysystem.Finally,performancecomparisonwasmadebetweentheproposedSQOEmethodandArtemiSsoftware,andtheverificationsofsubjectiveandobjectiverelatedanalysisweremade.Resultsshowthattheproposedmethodwaseconomical,simple,andwithgoodevaluationquality.

简介：Insteadofvision,manynocturnalanimalsusealternativesensesfornavigationandobjectdetectionintheirdarkenvi-ronment.Forthispurpose,weaklyelectricmormyridfishemployactiveelectrolocation,duringwhichtheydischargeaspe-cializedelectricorganintheirtailwhichdischargeselectricalpulses.Eachdischargebuildsupanelectricalfieldaroundthefish,whichissensedbycutaneouselectroreceptororgansthataredistributedovermostofthebodysurfaceofthefish.Nearbyobjectsdistortthiselectricalfieldandcausealocalalterationincurrentflowinthoseelectroreceptorsthatareclosesttotheobject.Byconstantlymonitoringresponsesofitselectroreceptororgans,afishcandetect,localize,andidentifyenvironmentalobjects.Inspiredbytheremarkablecapabilitiesofweaklyelectricfishindetectingandrecognizingobjects,wedesignedtechnicalsensorsystemsthatcansolvesimilarproblemsofremoteobjectsensing.Weappliedtheprinciplesofactiveelectrolocationtotechnicalsystemsbybuildingdevicesthatproduceelectricalcurrentpulsesinaconductingmedium(waterorionizedgases)andsimultaneouslysenselocalcurrentdensity.Dependingonthespecifictaskasensorwasdesignedfordevicescould(i)detectanobject,(ii)localizeitinspace,(iii)determineitsdistance,and(iv)measurepropertiessuchasmaterialproperties,thickness,ormaterialfaults.Oursystemsprovedtoberelativelyinsensitivetoenvironmentaldisturbancessuchasheat,pressure,orturbidity.Theyhaveawiderangeofapplicationsincludingmaterialidentification,qualitycontrol,non-contactdistancemeasurements,medicalapplicationsandmanymore.Despitetheirastonishingcapacities,oursensorsstilllagfarbehindwhatelectricfishareabletoachieveduringactiveelectrolocation.Theunderstandingoftheneuralprinciplesgoverningelectricfishsensoryphysi-ologyandthecorrespondingoptimizationofoursensorstosolvecertaintechnicaltasksthereforeremainongoinggoalsofourresearc

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简介：Inthispaperwedevelopanelasto-dynamicmodelofthehumanarmthatincludeseffectsofneuro-muscularcontroluponelasticdeformationinthelimb.Theelasto-dynamicmodelofthearmisbasedonhybridparametermultiplebodysystemvariationalprojectionprinciplespresentedinthecompanionpaper.Thoughthetechniqueissuitablefordetailedboneandjointmodeling,wepresentsimulationsforsimplifiedgeometryofthebones,discretizedasRayleighbeamswithelongation,whileallowingforlargedeflections.MotionoftheupperextremityissimulatedbyincorporatingmuscleforcesderivedfromaHill-typemodelofmusculotendondynamics.Theeffectsofmuscleforcearemodeledintwoways.Inoneapproach,aneffectivejointtorqueiscalculatedbymultiplyingthemuscleforcebyajointmomentann.Asecondapproachmodelsthemuscleasactingalongastraightlinebetweentheoriginandinsertionsitesofthetendon.Simplearmmotionissimulatedbyutilizingneuralfeedbackandfeedforwardcontrol.Simulationsillustratethecombinedeffectsofneuralcontrolstrategies,modelsofmuscleforceinclusion,andelasticassumptionsonjointtrajectoriesandstressandstraindevelopmentintheboneandtendon.

简介：从药用植物中华芦荟组织中分离出一株抗菌内生细菌A11#,该菌产生广谱抗菌活性物质,对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等革兰氏阳性细菌和植物病原真菌均有较强的抑制作用;通过形态学观察及生理生化特征测定,初步鉴定归属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus).该菌在初始pH值为5.O～10.0的PDA培养基上生长旺盛,生长最适pH为5～7,培养液初始pH为6～10时发酵产生大量粘性物质;生长温度范围在10～45℃,最适温度28～37℃;在初始pH5.0和30.5℃条件下发酵,其发酵液抑菌作用最强;该菌所产抗菌物质能耐121℃处理30min而不影响其活性.在阿须贝无氮培养基上生长良好,在不加葡萄糖、蔗糖或淀粉的LB和牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基上不生长;同时还产生对高岭土有絮凝活性的物质.

简介：7月23日上午，在武汉东湖高新技术产业开发区召开的生物产业发展规划及评审会上，该区管委会副主任夏士杰表示：东湖高新区作为武汉国家生物产业基地的核心区，要在基地建设及未来生物产业发展中发挥领头作用，有前瞻性、高标准地做好规划，抢占生物产业制高点。

简介：ThespinesofpencilandlanceurchinsHeterocentrotusmammillatusandPhyllacanthusimperialiswerestudiedasamodeloflight-weightmaterialwithhighimpactresistance.Thecomplexandvariableskeletonconstruction("stereom")ofbodyandspinesofseaurchinsconsistsofhighlyporousMg-bearingcalciumcarbonate.Thisbasicallybrittlematerialwithpronouncedsingle-crystalcleavagedoesnotfracturebyspontaneouscatastrophicdevicefailurebutbygracefulfailureovertherangeoftensofmillimeterofbulkcompressioninstead.Thiswasobservedinbulkcompressiontestsandbluntindentationexperimentsonregular,infiltratedandlatexcoatedseaurchinspinesegments.MicrostructuralcharacterizationwascarriedoutusingX-raycomputertomography,opticalandscanningelectronmicroscopy.Thebehaviorisinterpretedtoresultfromthehierarchicstructureofseaurchinspinesfromthernacroscaledowntothenanoscale.Guidelinesderivedfromthisstudyseeceramicswithlayeredporosityasapossiblebiomimeticconstructionforappropriateapplications.

简介：目的：调查姜黄根茎内生真菌对姜黄素的微生物转化，以期获得一些姜黄素的结构类似物或衍生物。方法：利用表面消毒法分离内生真菌；采用薄层层析和高效液相色谱（HPLC）技术筛选生物转化姜黄素的内生真菌；利用硅胶柱层析和制备型HPLC分离纯化生物转化产物；应用波谱技术解析转化产物的化学结构；通过形态学特征和内转录间隔区（ITS）序列分析对内生真菌进行初步鉴定。结果：从姜黄根茎中分离出18株内生真菌，经筛选发现其中1株丝状真菌能转化姜黄素，其产物分别为去甲基姜黄素和二去甲基姜黄素。初步鉴定该内生真菌属于Durporthesp．。结论：内生真菌Diaporthesp．能对姜黄素进行去甲基化修饰，推测它可能具有O-去甲基化酶系。

简介：Seaurchinspineswerechosenasamodelsystemforbiomimeticceramicsobtainedusingstarch-blendedslipcasting.Porousaluminaceramicswithcap-shapedlayerswithdifferentalternatingporositieswerefoundtohavesuperiorfracturebehaviorunderbulkcompressioncomparedtoceramicswithuniformporosity.Theyfailinacascadingmanner,absorbinghighamountsofenergyduringextendedcompressionpaths.TheporosityvariationinanotherwisesinglephasematerialmimicksthearchitecturalmicrostructuredesignofseaurchinspinesofHeterocentrotusmammillatus,whicharepromisingmodelmaterialsforimpactprotection.

简介：目的：探讨足月妊娠应用普贝生引产的临床疗效以及不良反应.方法：选取我院2014年2月到11月中80例足月妊娠有引产特征的孕妇,分为试验组和对照组,每组各40例,试验组给予普贝生引产,对照组给予缩宫素,观察两组的临床效果以及发生的不良反应.结果：试验组的有效率为95.0%明显的高于对照组的有效率70.0%,两组有效率之间的差异具有明显的统计学意义（P〈0.05）,试验组的显效率为77.5%明显的高于对照组的37.5%,两组有效率之间的差异具有显著的统计学意义（P〈0.05）;结论：足月妊娠应用普贝生引产的临床效果好,可以降低剖宫产率,而且安全性好值得临床上推广.