简介:摘要:目的:比较不同剂量阿昔洛韦治疗带状疱疹的临床效果。方法:将已接诊的70例带状疱疹患者作为实验研究对象,摸球法随机分组,两组中各有35例患者,对照组行低剂量阿昔洛韦治疗方案,观察组行高剂量阿昔洛韦治疗方案,分析两组的临床疗效和并发症发生率。结果:观察组止疱时间、结痂时间、脱痂时间以及疼痛消失时间分别为(4.72±3.19)天、(5.26±4.27)天、(10.28±4.08)天和(10.46±2.18)天,各项数据指标均短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:适当增加阿昔洛韦剂量可有效促进带状疱疹患者痊愈且具有较高的用药安全性,值得推广使用。
简介: [摘要 ] 目的 观察比较小剂量低浓度盐酸罗哌卡因和布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阻滞(腰麻)用于混合痔手术的麻醉效果。 方法 选择 2019年 7~ 12月本院拟行混合痔手术患者 60例, ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,分为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,每组 30例。各组分别经 L3-4间隙行腰麻。Ⅰ组采用 0.25%盐酸罗哌卡因 7.5 mg,Ⅱ组采用 0.25%布比卡因 7.5 mg。观察两组感觉阻滞(针刺法)、术中直肠牵拉反射,术者手术开始评估肛管松弛例数,肛管松弛持续时间,术毕肛门收缩恢复率。 结果 感觉阻滞平面Ⅰ组低于Ⅱ组,两组差异有统计学意义( P<0.05);Ⅰ组术中直肠牵拉反射率高于Ⅱ组( P<0.05);手术开始肛管松弛满意率Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组比较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),肛门收缩运动恢复时间Ⅰ组( 45±6) min,术毕肛门收缩运动恢复率Ⅰ组高于Ⅱ组。 结论 0.25%罗哌卡因 7.5 mg与相同浓度剂量布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阻滞用于混合痔手术均获得满意效果, 0.25%罗哌卡因 7.5 mg用于蛛网膜下腔阻滞可为满足混合痔手术提供便利条件,值得推荐。 [关键词 ] 罗哌卡因;布比卡因;蛛网膜下腔阻滞;混合痔手术;肛门运动阻滞 [Abstract] Objective To observe and compare the anesthetic effects of small-dose and low-concentration ropivacaine hydrochloride and bupivacaine in spinal subarachnoid block ( lumbar anesthesia) for mixed hemorrhoid surgeries. Methods Sixty patients who would be undergone mixed hemorrhoid surgeries in our hospital from July to December 2019, in ASAⅠ to Ⅱ were evenly divided into two groups by random number table.Each group was carried out lumbar anesthesia through interspace between L3 and L4.In groupⅠ, 0.25% ropivacaine hydrochloride in 7.5 mg was applied, while in group Ⅱ, 0.25% bupivacaine in 7.5 mg was adopted.The sensory block ( by acupuncture), intraoperative rectal stretch reflex, the number of surgical patients evaluating relaxation of anal tube at the beginning of surgery, duration of anal tube relaxation, and recovery rate of anal contraction at the end of surgery was observed between two groups respectively. Results The level of sensory block in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ, with a statistical difference( P<0.05) .The reflectance of intraoperative rectal stretch in group Ⅰ was higher in comparison with that in group Ⅱ, with a statistical difference( P<0.05) .There was no statistical difference in satisfaction of anal tube relaxation at the beginning of surgery between two groups( P>0.05) .The recovery time of anal contraction in group Ⅰ was( 45±6) min, higher than that in group Ⅱ. Conclusion Both 0.25% ropivacaine hydrochloride in 7.5 mg and the same dose and concentration of bupivacaine in spinal subarachnoid block for mixed hemorrhoid surgeries obtain favorable effects, and the former one used for spinal subarachnoid block can facilitate mixed hemorrhoid surgery, which is worthy of promotion. [Key words] Ropivacaine; Bupivacaine; Spinal subarachnoid block; Mixed hemorrhoid surgery; Anus movement block 蛛网膜下腔阻滞(腰麻)用于混合痔手术,因其操作简单、起效快、效果满意成为临床常为采用的方法。随着混合痔手术的发展,其要求在既有腰麻麻醉的优点外,还能在手术开始处理内痔时肛门松弛,镇痛完善,同时无直肠牵拉反应。在手术后段处理外痔及整理肛管时肛门收缩适当恢复。罗哌卡因和布比卡因是腰麻经常应用的药物,合理利用罗哌卡因运动 -感觉阻滞分离特性,从而满足混合痔手术的发展要求值得探讨。本研究比较两种药物应用的不同效果,为临床此类手术提供参考,也为了解低浓度罗哌卡因腰麻运动阻滞时效提供借鉴。
简介:摘要目的探讨多参数磁共振(mp-MRI)对前列腺癌病灶诊断的敏感性,并分析影响敏感性的因素。方法回顾性分析2017年8月至2019年7月北京医院收治的66例行根治性前列腺切除术患者的病例资料。中位年龄67(56~80)岁。中位术前PSA 8.73(1.22~72.46)ng/ml。中位前列腺体积35.9(16.8~131.8)ml。所有患者术前均行mp-MRI检查,术后前列腺标本制作病理大切片。2名放射科医生和1名病理科医生分别对前列腺癌病灶进行诊断和定位,以患者和病灶为研究对象分别进行研究,主要研究终点为mp-MRI对前列腺癌诊断的敏感性,分析mp-MRI诊断敏感性的影响因素。结果本组66例,术前mp-MRI诊断前列腺癌62例(93.9%)。术后病理检查共检出病灶109处,术前mp-MRI共检出77处,敏感性为70.6%。术后病理分级分组(ISUP)分别为1组53例(48.6%),2组31例(27.5%),3组19例(17.4%),≥4组6例(5.5%)。对mp-MRI假阴性病灶特点进行分析,mp-MRI对肿瘤最大径线>1 cm[92.5%(62/67)]、Gleason评分≥7分[87.5%(49/56)],以及前列腺内的主要病灶[89.4%(59/66)]敏感性更高(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤最大径线>1 cm(OR=3.183,95%CI 1.580~6.411,P=0.001)以及肿瘤主要病灶(OR=4.042,95%CI 1.127~14.503,P=0.032)是mp-MRI正确诊断前列腺癌的独立影响因素。结论mp-MRI是诊断前列腺癌可靠而有效的手段,对Gleason评分≥7分、肿瘤最大径线>1 cm以及肿瘤主要病灶具有较高敏感性,其中前列腺癌病灶的大小以及肿瘤是否为主要病灶是mp-MRI诊断敏感性的独立影响因素。