Review of Thermodynamics of Systems that Embrace Transfer of Electric and Magnetic Energies

(整期优先)网络出版时间:2018-01-11
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Thermodynamicsisabranchofphysicswhichdealswiththeenergyflowintosystems.Therearetwoprincipallawsofthermodynamicswhicharedescribedonseparateslides.Thefirstlawofthermodynamicsrelatestothetransferofvariousformsofenergy,asheat,electric,magneticandchemicalenergiestoproducemechanicalwork.Thislawissometimestakenasthedefinitionofinternalenergy,andintroducesanadditionalstatevariable,enthalpy.Thefirstlawofthermodynamicsallowsformanypossiblestatesofasystemtoexist.Butexperienceindicatesthatthereisonlyonedirectionfornaturalprocessestoproceed.Thisleadstothesecondlawofthermodynamicsandthedefinitionofanotherstatevariablecalledentropy.Thesecondlawstipulatesthatthetotalentropyofasystemplusitsenvironmentcannotdecrease;itcanremainconstantforareversibleprocessbutmustalwaysincreaseforirreversibleornaturalprocesses.However,thelimitednumberofauthorsisconcernedbysystemsthatinvolvethetransferofelectricandmagneticenergiesinadditiontotheflowofheatinstudyingageneralthermodynamicsystem.Thesubmittedreviewfollowsanentropyapproachthatintroducescleardefinitionsoftheelectricchargeandmagneticfluxtoclarifyambiguitiesofthenaturesofsuchfluxesinliterature.So,thefirstandsecondlawsofthermodynamicsareappliedonthermo-electromagneticprocessesthatembracetheflowofmechanical,thermal,electric,andmagneticenergiesintosystemsthatinvolvefluidsorsolids.Accordingly,itwaspossibletomodifyredundanciesintheSIsystemofunits.Followingtheentropyapproach,itwaspossibletocasttheMaxwell’sequationsintoanenergyframeofreferencetoexplainthediscoveredTesla’swirelesspowertransmissionas“ElectricalRadiantEnergy”,andtheMITdiscoveryofwirelesspowertransmissionofthemagneticfluxas“EvanescentWaves”andtoclarifyfuzzinessofthedualityconfusionbyspecifyingauniquepropertyfortheelectronasaparticleandaun