简介：摘要目的了解龙口市0-36个月婴幼儿营养性疾病发病率分析相关因素，对贫血患儿给予铁剂治疗，并提出相应的预防意见。方法采取整群抽样法，对我市800名0-36个月婴幼儿进行健康体检，以及母孕期情况、生长发育史、母乳喂养、辅食添加调查和末梢血常规检测。结果缺铁性贫血发生率20.75%，消瘦发生率0.375%，肥胖发生率12%，体重低下发生率0.25%，生长迟缓发生率0.75%。缺铁性贫血在3-18个月年龄段高于其它年龄段，以6-9个月最高为44%。肥胖、消瘦、体重低下、生长迟缓各年龄段无明显差异。对缺铁性贫血患儿给予铁剂1-2g／kg.d,治疗时间是一个月，建议合理喂养。一个月后复查血常规均有不同程度的好转。肥胖儿给予食物指导，增加运动量。见效缓慢。结论婴幼儿期营养性疾病中缺铁性贫血、肥胖发病率较高。与喂养不当有关，适当的药物治疗及合理营养可以有很大改善，必须加强儿童保健查体，及早发现问题，提早采取措施，提高我市人口素质。

简介：摘要目的探讨滤白细胞输血对预防地中海贫血等需要长期输血的患者,由白细胞引起的非溶血性发热性输血反应等同种异体输血反应的临床意义。方法回顾性分析于我院长期输血的重型地中海贫血患儿138例,随机分为两组,其中观察组79例输注过滤的少白细胞红细胞,对照组79例输注无过滤的悬浮红细胞。观察并统计两组患儿输血后由白细胞引起的非溶血性发热性输血反应（FNHTR）等同种异体输血不良反应的情况,并进行统计学分析结果输注少白细胞红细胞的观察组患儿FNHTR输血不良反应率为0.49%(8例次),输注无过滤悬浮红细胞的对照组FNHTR不良反应率为5.27%(86例次),观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组患儿均未出现由白细胞引起的其它同种异体输血反应。结论对地贫等需要长期输血患者选择滤除白细胞输血,能有效降低由白细胞引起FNHTR等同种异体输血反应的发生率，临床效果显著，滤白细胞输血值得在临床全面推广使用。

简介：目的观察促红细胞生成素（EPO）联合参附注射液治疗合并贫血的慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的临床疗效。方法将160例合并贫血的CHF患者随机分成4组：对照组（常规治疗组）、EPO组、参附注射液组和EPO加参附注射液组，每组各40例。记录治疗前、后各组患者的心功能分级（NYHA）、明尼苏达心衰生活质量评分、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、血浆N末端B型利钠肽原（NT-pro-BNP）水平及血红蛋白（Hb）浓度，统计再住院率，观察不良反应。结果治疗后各组患者的心功能分级和生活质量评分均明显下降，LVEF提高，LVEDD缩小，NT-pro-BNP水平降低，Hb浓度升高，而EPO组、参附注射液组和EPO加参附注射液组的疗效较对照组又有显著提高，再住院率显著低于对照组（尸〈0．05）。各组治疗后未见明显不良反应。结论EPO联合参附注射液治疗慢性心力衰竭合并贫血能显著提高临床疗效。

简介：摘要目的探讨分析肿瘤坏死因子-α拮抗剂对类风湿关节炎并发慢性疾病性贫血的疗效。方法选用2011年～2013年在我院接受诊断和治疗的70例类风湿关节炎并发慢性疾病性贫血患者作为研究对象，根据随机原则将患者分为实验组和对照组，每组35例，两组患者在性别、年龄、病情方面差异不明显，p>0.05，具有可比性。对照组患者接受常规治疗，验组患者在对照组基础上加用α拮抗剂依那西普，两组患者的疗程均为1个月。结果实验组患者在ACR20、ACR50、ACR70和ACR90几个等级方面的人数均明显多于对照组，p<0.05，差异显著，具有统计学意义。结论该药物临床效果较为理想，可以考虑使用。

简介：目的探讨地中海贫血和葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶（glucose6phosphatedehydrogenase，G6PD）缺乏联合检测在孕前检查中的临床价值。方法选取2010年10月至2012年10月孕前检查夫妇2816例，采用地中海贫血一管筛查法检测地中海贫血，采用G6PD比值法检测G6PD缺乏，采用单管多重聚合酶链反应（growthassociatedprotein—polymerasechainreaction，GAP—PCR）法检测a-THai基因，采用反向点杂交法（reversedotblot，RDB）检测β—THai基因。结果地中海贫血患者的溶血百分比明显低于正常人，G6PD缺乏患者的G6PD活性明显小于正常人，a-THai基因＋β—THai基因地中海贫血患者溶血百分比明显低于a—THai基因患者和β—THai基因患者，a—THal基因＋β—THal基因G6PD缺乏患者G6PD活性明显小于a-THai基因患者和β-THai基因患者，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。β—THai基因地中海贫血患者溶血百分比低于β—THai基因患者，β—THai基因G6PD缺乏患者G6PD活性小于a—THai基因患者，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论地中海贫血和G6PD缺乏联合检测在孕前检查中具有重要的临床价值，可提高疾病诊断的准确率。

简介：目的探讨成年抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（ANCA）相关性血管炎患者贫血发生率及其危险因素。方法回顾性分析72例成年ANCA相关性血管炎患者临床资料，患者根据年龄分成中青年（〈65岁）组（43例）及老年（≥65岁）组（29例）；应用Logistic分析探讨发生贫血的危险因素。结果在72例成年ANCA相关性血管炎患者中，47例（65．3％）出现贫血，中青年组贫血发生率为55．8％（24／43），老年组贫血发生率为79．3％（23/9），老年组贫血发生率明显高于中青年组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。校正其他混杂因素后，年龄（每增加10年，OR=1．23，95％CI1．12～1．95，P=0．001）、糖尿病（OR=1．34，95％CI1．14～1．89，P=0．013）及大量蛋白尿（OR=1．11，95％CI1．05～1．76，P=0．011）是总体ANCA相关性血管炎患者发生贫血的独立危险因素。结论老年ANCA相关性血管炎贫血发生率要明显高于中青年患者；治疗前年龄（每增加10年）、糖尿病及大量蛋白尿是成年ANCA相关性血管炎患者发生贫血的独立危险因素。

简介：3例重症肝病合并感染患者（均为男性，年龄分别为40、68、50岁）接受碳青霉烯类、利奈唑胺及氟康唑联合治疗，期间未出现明显血象变化。因疗效不佳换用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠4.5g，8h/次静脉滴注。其中例1于换用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠11d后出现贫血及血小板计数下降；例2、例3分别于换用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠4、7d后出现贫血加重及血小板计数下降。3例患者分别在停用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠后31、21、7d，血红蛋白及血小板计数明显恢复。

简介：为了探讨淋巴细胞胞浆内IFN-γ水平在再生障碍性贫血（aplasticanemia,AA）患者治疗方案选择及预后判断中的作用及其临床意义,采用流式细胞技术动态监测免疫抑制治疗前后淋巴细胞胞浆内IFN-γ水平变化,同时记录患者血常规指标的变化及用药情况等.结果发现：在50例患者中有28例T淋巴细胞内IFN-γ水平高于正常值,占56％,24例IFN-γ水平增高患者的免疫抑制治疗有效率达85.7％,其IFN-γ水平下降与血象恢复基本呈正相关,并且明显早于血液学缓解.结论：IFN-γ水平升高的AA患者用免疫抑制剂治疗效果好,IFN-γ水平变化明显早于血常规指标的变化,这对于提示疗效及复发有重要意义.

简介：目的观察重组人生长激素（rhGH）对老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）合并贫血患者心功能、肾功能、血红蛋白的影响。方法将87例心功能Ⅱ～Ⅳ级（NYHA）的慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为治疗组（44例）及对照组（43例）。在慢性心力衰竭常规治疗基础上，对照组给予口服铁剂，治疗组给予口服铁剂加皮下注射重组人生长激素。治疗4周后，观察两组血红蛋白、血肌酐、肌酐清除率、心功能、氨基末端B型利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）变化。结果与治疗前相比，治疗后治疗组血红蛋白明显升高[（111．2±3．3）g／L比（99．3＋4-3）g／L，P〈0．05]，血清肌酐水平明显降低[（161．4±39．7）μmol／L比（198．2±41．7）μmol／L，P〈0．05]，肌酐清除率增加[（43．8±7．1）ml／min比（39．0±8．8）ml／L，P〈0．05]，心功能分级明显改善[（3．1±0．7）比（2．3±0．5）]，血浆biT—proBNP显著下降[（11236．1＋430．7）ng／L比（2215．3±950．2）ng／L，P〈0．05]。对照组上述参数均有所改善，但差异无统计学意义。结论老年慢性心力衰竭合并贫血患者应用rhGH和口服铁剂治疗，在改善心功能的基础上，可进一步纠正贫血，改善肾功能，降低血浆NT—proBNP水平。

简介：目的比较毛细管电泳与琼脂糖凝胶电泳2种方法在α-地中海贫血(α-地贫)新生儿筛查中的应用价值;探讨新生儿脐血HbBart′s水平与α-地贫基因型的关系;探讨高分辨熔解曲线(highresolu-tionmelting,HRM)技术用于筛查非缺失型α-地贫的可行性。方法对1442例新生儿脐血样本同时采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳及毛细管电泳技术进行血红蛋白定量分析,将其中任意一种方法检出HbBart′s区带(其中毛细管电泳技术HbBart′s定量最低为0.1%)的样本全部挑出进行Gap-PCR,若样本未检出异常则进一步行HRM分析,随后进行反向点杂交和基因测序。同时对2种电泳HbBart′s均为阴性的样本进行2种常见静止型α地贫基因(-α3.7、-α4.2)的分子筛查。结果1442例样本中,2种电泳方法HbBart′s均为阳性的样本为151例,基因确诊150例。4例琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测HbBart′s阳性而毛细管电泳检测HbBart′s阴性的样本,基因检测未见异常。7例琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测HbBart′s阴性而毛细管电泳检测HbBart′s阳性的样本,基因检测均为静止型α-地贫。1280例两种电泳HbBart′s均为阴性的样本检出10例静止型α-地贫。HRM技术将3种常见非缺失型α-地贫全部检出。结论与琼脂糖凝胶电泳相比,毛细管电泳技术定量分析HbBart′s更为简便、准确。脐血HbBart′s的含量随着α-基因缺陷的个数的增加而升高,其中α+-地贫中不同基因型的HbBart′s水平亦存在差异。新生儿脐血毛细管电泳HbBart′s含量0.1%应作为区分正常人与α-地贫携带者的指标。HRM技术可作为非缺失型α-地贫(尤其是αCSα和αQSα)的一种筛查方法。

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：引子远处的廊柱模模糊糊的，目光无法聚焦在一点。脑袋像被搅拌机搅过一般，混混沌沌，四分五裂。渐渐地，男人注意到自己的手上拿着一样东西，那上面有红色的液体在延淌着。“血……”他的脑中闪过一个可怕的念头，令其浑身都为之一颤。他使劲地揉了揉眼睛，试图再一次将目光聚焦到手上。——那是一把刀，黑色的刀柄就握在他的手上，而短短的刀刃上淌着像血一样的东西。他的手颤抖起来，脑海中闪回式地浮现出了片段的记忆。那个女人一直在叫嚣。她说：“明天，你那副道貌岸然的嘴脸就会被公之于众。”她嘴角飞着唾沫，两只眼角向上吊起，之前看她还觉得娇媚可人，此时此刻却丑态毕露。她又说：“除非你帮我做一件事，我就保证永远闭嘴，绝不再给你惹任何麻烦。”

简介：AIM:ToexploretheinhibitoryeffectofasustainedcyclosporinA(CsA)deliverymicrosphere(CsA-MS)onposteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)inrabbiteyesaftercataractextraction.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitsacceptedcataractextractionplusintraocularlensimplantationandtheirlefteyeswereintraoperativelyinjectedCsA-MSpreparedusingpolymerpolylactioglycolicacid(PLGA)asacarrierandtheirrighteyeswereinjectedwithemptyMS.Thechangesincornea,anteriorchamberreaction,intraocularpressure,PCOandCsAconcentrationinaqueoushumorwereexaminedpostoperativelyandalltheeyeswereenucleated3monthsaftersurgeryforhistopathologicalandmorphologicalexaminationwithlightmicroscopyandelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:Conjunctivalhyperemia,cornealedema,intraocularpressureandanteriorchamberresponseofexperimentalandcontroleyesweresimilar,whilePCOinCsAMSinjectedeyeswasgreatlyimprovedcomparedwiththatincontroleyes.PosteriorcapsulesinCsA-MSinjectedeyesweresmoothandlensepithelialcells(LEC)didnotproliferatesignificantly(P>0.05),whileLECinposteriorcapsuleofcontroleyeshaddifferentdegreesofproliferationandcorticalregeneration.LECinCsA-MSinjectedeyeswerenotfunctionallyactiveandunderwentapoptosis,whereasLECincontroleyeswerefunctionallyactive(F-test,P=0.025).Inaddition,thecornealultrastructureshowednodifferencesbetweenCsA-MSandMSinjectedeyes.CONCLUSION:CsA-MShashighbioavailabilityinrabbiteyesandcouldinhibitpostoperativePCOoccurrenceanddevelopmentduringthestudyperiod,suggestingthatCsA-MSmaybeapromising,effectiveandsafeadministrationroutetopreventPCOinclinic.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofY-27632onthesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheculturedretinalneurocytes.METHODS:Afterthepostnatalday2-3,Sprague-Dawleyretinalneurocyteswereculturedfor48hours,theculturemediawasreplacedwithserum-freemedia(controlgroup)andserum-freemediacontained30μmol/LY-27632(Y-27632group),andthecellswerecontinuallyculturedanother48hours.Theculturedretinalneurocyteswereidentifiedwithanti-neuronspecificenolase(NSE)immunocytochemistry.ThesurvivalstateofthosecellswasestimatedbyMTTassay,andtheneuriteoutgrowthofthosecellswasevaluatedbythecomputerizedimage-analysissystem.RESULTS:Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theabsorbancevaluesofcellssurvivalinY-27632groupincreased12.90%and33.33%respectivelyafter72and96hoursculture.Y-27632hadnosignificanteffectonthediameterofculturedretinalneurocytes.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,Y-27632inducedastableimprovementofneuriteoutgrowthofretinalneurocytesafter72and96hoursculture(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Y-27632couldpromotethesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheearlypostnatalculturedretinalneurocytes.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologic,anatomic,andclinicalfeaturesofopenglobeinjuriesinchildren.METHODS:Themedicalfilesofpatientsundertheageof16whohadbeenoperatedforanopenglobeinjuryatAkdenizUniversityHospital’sDepartmentofOphthalmologywereretrospectivelyevaluated.RESULTS:Atotalof90patientswereevaluatedinthisstudy.Amongthesepatients,26(28.9%)werefemaleand64(71.1%)weremale.Themeanageofthepatientswas7.7±4.2years.Themale/femaleratiowasobservedtoincreasewithincreasingage(P=0.006,P=7.48).Injuriesweremostlikelytooccurinspringandautumn(P=0.028).Thetimeintervalbetweentheinjuryandthesurgicalrepairwas9.36±27.4h.Forty(44.4%)oftheinjuriesoccurredinthehome,27(30%)occurredintheyard,and21(23.3%)happenedwhileplayinginthestreet.Themostcommoncausesofinjuryweresharpmetalobjects(P<0.001).Injurytothecorneaoccurredin47(52.2%)ofthepatients(P<0.001).Themostcommoncomplicationtooccurwascataractformation.Additionaloperationswerenecessaryfor37(41.1%)ofthepatients.Thefinalvisualacuitywascorrelatedwithboththeinitialvisualacuityofthewoundedeyepriortosurgeryandthelengthofthewound(P<0.001,r=0.502andP<0.001,r=-0.442,respectively).CONCLUSION:Openglobeinjuriesthataresufferedinchildhoodgenerallyoccureitherathome,intheyard,oronthestreet,withsharpmetalobjectsbeingthemostcommoncauseofinjury.Theinitialvisualacuityandthelengthofthewoundarethemostimportantdeterminantsofthefinalvisualacuity.

简介：AIM:Tocharacterizetemporalpatternofresolutionandrecurrenceofnaivechoroidalneovascularization(CNV)secondarytowetage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)treatedwithintravitrealbevacizumabonasneededregimen,andtoanalyzebaselineriskfactorsforCNVresolutionorrecurrence.METHODS:Ninety-oneeyesof80patientswithnewlydiagnosedwetAMDwereretrospectivelystudied.Alleyesweretreatedwitharoundofthreemonthlyintravitrealbevacizumabinjections,followedbyoneadditional’bonus’injectionafterresolutionofCNVactivity.Duringfollow-up,eyesweremonitoredwithfluoresceinangiography,opticalcoherencetomography,andbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA).IncaseofrecurrencesofCNVactivity,eyeswereretreatedwithotherroundsofbevacizumabinjectionsfollowingthesametreatmentprotocol.RESULTS:Overamedianfollow-upof532d,themedianresolutiontimeofCNVactivityinthefirst,second,andthirdtreatmentroundwas98d,126d,and111d,respectively.Themedianrecurrencetimeforthethreeroundswas154d,126d,and151d,respectively.Nosignificantdifferenceinresolutiontime(P=0.09)orinrecurrencetime(P=0.11)wasdetectedamongtreatmentrounds.Age(P=0.0082)andlensstatus(P=0.035)werefoundtobeassociatedwithCNVresolution;forevery1-yearincreaseinagetherewas4%greaterchanceofCNVresolution;Phakiceyesdemonstrateda33%betterchancetoexperienceCNVresolutionthanpseudophakiceyes.ForCNVrecurrence,lensstatus(P=0.0009)andgender(P=0.0446)werefoundtobepredictive;pseudophakiceyeshada3.69-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitycomparedtophakiceyes;maleshada2.19-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitythanfemales.NosignificantBCVAchangesamongthreetreatmentroundswerenoted(P=0.56).CONCLUSION:ResolutiontimeandrecurrencetimeofCNVactivitywerenotsignificantlydifferentamongtreatmentrounds,suggestingabsenceoftachyphylaxistobevacizumab.Acautiousdecisionshouldbemadeupondisco

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.

简介：AIM:ExcessivedissolveofcornealtissueinducedbyMMPswhichwereactivatedbycytokinsandchemokineswillleadtocornealulcer.ThemolecularmechanismofLipoxinA4(LXA4)oncornealcollagendegradationinthreedimensionswasinvestigated.·METHODS:Rabbitcornealfibroblastswereharvestedandsuspendedinserum-freeMEM.TypeIcollagen,DMEM,collagenreconstitutionbufferandcornealfibroblastsuspensionweremixedonice.Theresultantmixturesolidifiedinanincubator,afterwhichtestreagentsandplasminogenwasoverlaidandthecultureswerereturnedtotheincubator.Thesupernatantsfromcollagengelincubationswerecollectedandtheamountofhydroxyprolineinthehydrolysatewasmeasured.ImmunoblotanalysisofMMP-1,-3andTMMP-1,-2wasperformed.MMP-2,-9wasdetectedbythemethodofGelatinzymography.Cytotoxicityassaywasmeasured.RESULTS:LXA4inhibitedcornealcollagendegradationinadoseandtimemanner.LXA4inhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinthepro-MMP-1,-2,-3,-9andactiveMMP-1,-2,-3,-9inaconcentrationdependentmanner.LXA4alsoinhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinTIMP-1,-2.CONCLUSION:Asapotentanti-inflammationreagent,LXA4caninhibitcornealcollagendegradationinducedbyIL-1βincornealfibroblaststhusinhibitingcornealdissolvingpathologyprocess.

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