简介:Fishareabletomakegooduseofvortices.Inacomplexflowfield,manyfishcontinuetomaintainbothefficientcruisingandmaneuverability.Traditionalman-madepropulsionsystemsperformpoorlyincomplexflowfields.Withfish-likepropulsionsystems,itisimportanttopaymoreattentiontocomplexflowfields.Inthispaper,theinfluenceofvorticesonthehydrodynamicperformanceof2-Dflapping-foilswasinvestigated.Theflapping-foilheavedandpitchedundertheinfluenceofinflowvorticesgeneratedbyanoscillatingD-sectioncylinder.Anumericalsimulationwasrunbasedthefinitevolumemethod,usingthecomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)softwareFLUENTwithReynolds-averagedNavier-Stokes(RANS)equationsapplied.Inaddition,dynamicmeshtechnologyandpostprocessingsystemswerealsofullyused.Thecalculationsshowedfourmodesofinteraction.Thehydrodynamicperformanceofflapping-foilswasanalyzedandtheresultscomparedwithexperimentaldata.Thisvalidatedthenumericalsimulation,confirmingthatflapping-foilscanincreaseefficiencybyabsorbingenergyfrominflowvortices.
简介:混凝土的盐冻破坏是导致混凝土耐久性不足的重要原因之一。利用2%、4%两种浓度的NaCl、CaCl2、CaAc2以及十二烷基硫酸钠引气剂,对单盐、复合盐环境条件下的C30、C50两种混凝土进行了抗冻耐久性快速试验,研究了不同除冰盐类型及同种除冰盐对不同强度等级的混凝土和引气剂对混凝土抗盐冻耐久性的影响。研究表明:在浓度一定的单盐作用下,CaAc2对C30、C50混凝土破坏最小,NaCl和CaCl2对混凝土破坏效果相当,NaCl稍大;在浓度一定的复合盐作用下,混凝土破坏程度随着CaAc2的浓度增大而减少,随着氯盐类的比重增大而增大;混凝土的抗盐冻性能与其强度等级成正比;掺入引气剂能大幅提高混凝土的抗盐冻性能。