简介:AIM:ToexplorethemolecularmechanismsinlensdevelopmentandthepathogenesisofPetersanomalyinSmad4defectivemice.METHODS:Le-CretransgenicmouselinewasemployedtoinactivateSmad4inthesurfaceectodermselectively.PathologicaltechniqueswereusedtorevealthemorphologicalchangesoftheanteriorsegmentinSmad4defectiveeye.ImmunohistochemicalstainingwasemployedtoobservetheexpressionofE-cadherin,Ncadherinanda-SMAinanteriorsegmentofSmad4defectivemiceandcontrolmiceatembryonic(E)day16.5.Real-timequantitativepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)wasperformedtodetecttheexpressionofSnail,Zeb1,Zeb2andTwist2inlensofSmad4defectivemiceandcontrolmiceatE16.5.RESULTS:ConditionaldeletionofSmad4oneyesurfaceectodermresultedincorneaidysplasia,iridocornealangleclosure,corneolenticularadhesionsandcataractresemblingPetersanomaly.LossofSmad4functioninhibitedE-cadherinexpressioninthelensepitheliumcellsandcorneaiepitheliumcellsinSmad4defectiveeye.ExpressionofN-cadherinwasupregulatedincorneaiepitheliumandcorneaistroma.BothE-cadherinandN-cadherinweredown-regulatedatthefuturetrabecularmeshworkregioninmutanteye.TheqPCRresultsshowedthattheexpressionofTwist2wasincreasedsignificantlyinthemutantlens(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Smad4isessentialtoeyedevelopmentandlikelyacandidatepathogenicgenetoPetersanomalybyregulatingepithelial-mesenchymaltransition.Twist2canberegulatedbySmad4andplaysanessentialroleinlensdevelopment.
简介:目的:探讨眼眶IgG4相关疾病(IgG4-RD)的临床病理特点。方法:收集整理23例35眼眼眶IgG4-RD患者的临床病理资料,对其进行组织学和免疫组织化学观察,总结其临床和病理特点。结果:眼眶IgG4-RD患者23例35眼,其中男8例9眼,女15例26眼,年龄28-72(平均52.1)岁。19例30眼来源于泪腺,4例5眼来源于眶内其他部位。以泪腺区肿胀或眼球突出就诊。单侧11例,双侧12例。病程1mo-10a,平均27mo。1例1眼6mo后复发。大体:灰白色结节状肿物,泪腺表面有很薄的纤维膜包绕。组织学特点:泪腺腺泡、导管组织严重萎缩甚至消失,被大量密集的淋巴细胞、浆细胞及淋巴滤泡替代,伴有不同程度的纤维化。免疫组织化学染色:23例35眼IgG4阳性浆细胞均〉50个/HPF,IgG4/IgG阳性浆细胞比值〉40%。结论:眼眶IgG4-RD主要发生于泪腺组织,通过组织学特点和免疫组织化学IgG4的表达可明确诊断。IgG4-RD应早期筛查、预防和治疗。
简介:AIM:Tocomparethespeedofvisualrecoveryfollowingmyopicthin-flapLASIKwithfourfemtosecondlasers.METHODS:Eighty-eighteyesof46patientswhowereconsecutivelyscheduledforbilateralLASIKwiththeIntraLaseFS60(Group1),FemtoLDVCrystalLine(Group2),WavelightFS200(Group3)andVisuMax(Group4)femtosecondlaserswereenrolledin.Monocularuncorrecteddistancevisualacuity(UDVA),best-correcteddistantvisualacuity(CDVA),refraction,contrastsensitivityandhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)wereevaluatedat1,3d,1wkand1mopostoperatively.RESULTS:Sixteeneyes(72.7%)achieved20/16and8eyes(36.4%)were20/12.5at1dinGroup2,whichwassignificantlymorethanother3groups.At1wk,20eyes(90.9%)achieved20/16inGroups2and4.At1mo,20eyes(90.9%)achieved20/16inGroup2andGroup4,whichweresignificantlymorethanothertwogroups.Whileby1mo,thedifferenceoftheresidualsphericalequivalent(SE)wasnotstatisticallysignificantamong4groups(P=0.121).Theinductionofsphericalaberration(SA)weresignificantlylessforGroups2,3,4thanforGroup1onedayaftersurgery(P=0.015).Thedifferencesamong4groupswerenotstatisticallysignificantbeforeandaftersurgeryoneverytimepoints(allP>0.05).CONCLUSION:Thethin-flapLASIKprocedureusingtheFemtoLDVCrystalLineandVisuMaxfemtosecondlasershowfastervisualperformancerecovery.
简介:AIM:Toevaluatethelong-termresponsetothefixedcombinationofdorzolamide/timololinpatientswithprimaryopenangleglaucoma(POAG)andtheadditionofotherintraocularpressure(IOP)loweringmedicationssuchasprostaglandinanalogsandbrimonidine.METHODS:Aretrospective,non-randomized,anddescriptiveclinicalstudywasperformedwith182eyesdiagnosedwithPOAG.Patientsweredividedintothreegroups:agroupwithfixedcombinationofdorzolamide/timololonly,asecondgroupwithprostaglandinanalogsplusfixedcombinationofdorzolamide/timolol,andathirdgroupwiththeadditionofbrimonidinetothesamefixedcombination.IOPdataweregatheredretrospectivelyandthedifferencesbetweengroupswerecalculated.RESULTS:IOPwasreducedsatisfactorilyinallthreegroups;however,aprogressiveIOPreductionwasnotedinthegroupwiththefixedcombinationplusprostaglandinanalogs.Inthisgroup,aprogressive,significantandmorehomogeneousresponseofthereductionwasnotedincomparisonwiththeothergroups.CONCLUSION:IOPreductionwasefficaciousinallthreegroups.TheadditionofprostaglandinanalogsshowedprogressiveIOPreduction,progressiveresponseandabsenceoflong-termdrift.Brimonidinedidnotshowasignificantadditiveeffect.
简介:3型Stargardt病(STGD3,MIM600110)是一种常染色体显性遗传的早发性黄斑营养不良性疾病,是一种单基因遗传性疾病。目前为止,已知的STGD3致病基因为极长链脂肪酸延长酶4基因(ELOVL4)。ELOVIA是位于内质网上的一种调节极长链饱和及多不饱和脂肪酸生物合成的限速缩合反应中不可或缺的膜蛋白。作为一种遗传性疾病,STGD3目前仍无有效治疗方法。然而,饮食补充极长链多不饱和脂肪酸可能是治疗STGD3的一种可行疗法。对STGD3基因及致病机制的研究可能将有助于发现STGD3的有效治疗方法及进一步了解其他遗传性视网膜变性疾病和更复杂的年龄相关性黄斑变性。
简介:AIMTo评估关于光质量的培植根据包括的decentering.METHODSThis的不同的度估计了的V4c可植入的collamer透镜(洞ICL)的临床的结果收到了常规ICL的49只眼睛和收到了洞ICL的94只眼睛。收到了洞ICL的眼睛根据decentering的度被划分成三个组:组织1,在从学生中心的1条洞直径(HD)以内的中央洞;组织2,在到2HD的1HD以内的中央洞;并且组织3,在到3HD的2HD以内的中央洞。视觉尖酸(VA),intraocular压力(IOP),和球形的等价物(SE)价值在1wk被估计,1并且在外科以后的3mo。在surgery.RESULTSThere不是在VA,IOP,和SE的重要差别在之中以后,眼睛的调整转移功能,Strehl比率,客观散布索引,和更高的顺序错误(HOA)在3mo为4公里学生被测量常规并且洞ICL组。关于HOA,为昏迷和球形的错误的价值没显示出差别。全部的HOA和翘摇价值在比在组1的组2是显著地更高的(P=0.02,0.03,分别地)。在surgery.CONCLUSIONOur结果建议洞ICL培植提供等价于由常规ICL提供了那的令人满意的视觉质量以后,在关于在3mo的另外的光优秀参数的组之中没有重要差别,不管decentering的中央洞和度的存在。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatewhethertheresponseofacentralhexagonalelementcorrespondingtothemacularareainconventionalmultifocalelectroretinography(mfERG)testswasthesameasthatofexperimentalmfERGusingsinglecentralhexagonalelementstimulation.METHODS:Prospective,observationalstudy.Thirtyhealthysubjectswereincludedinthisstudy.mfERGrecordingswereperformedaccordingtotwoprotocols:stimuluswith37hexagonalelements(protocol1),andstimuluswithasinglecentralelementcreatedbydeactivatingtheother36hexagonalelements(protocol2).Wecompareddifferencesbetweenring1parametersineachprotocol.RESULTS:Inprotocol1,thefirstpositivecomponent(P1)implicittimeandP1amplitudewere37.8±1.8msand6.3±2.7μV.Aftersingleelementstimulation(protocol2),doublepositivewavesappeared.TheimplicittimeandamplitudeofP1were40.7±2.4ms(P<0.001)and9.1±3.3μV(P=0.001),respectively.Theimplicittimeandamplitudeofthesecondpositivecomponent(P2)were68.0±4.5ms(P<0.001,comparedwithP1inprotocol1)and12.3±4.7μV(P<0.001,comparedwithP1inprotocol1),respectively.TheamplitudeofP2inprotocol2wasabouttwotimeshigherthanthatofP1inprotocol1.CONCLUSION:mfERGresponsesofacentralhexagonalelementinasingleelementstimulationprotocolaredifferentfromthoseofmultipleelementstimulation.Thepositivewaveismoreenhancedcomparedtothatoftheconventionalprotocolanditelongatedintotwowavelets.
简介:AIM:ExcessivedissolveofcornealtissueinducedbyMMPswhichwereactivatedbycytokinsandchemokineswillleadtocornealulcer.ThemolecularmechanismofLipoxinA4(LXA4)oncornealcollagendegradationinthreedimensionswasinvestigated.·METHODS:Rabbitcornealfibroblastswereharvestedandsuspendedinserum-freeMEM.TypeIcollagen,DMEM,collagenreconstitutionbufferandcornealfibroblastsuspensionweremixedonice.Theresultantmixturesolidifiedinanincubator,afterwhichtestreagentsandplasminogenwasoverlaidandthecultureswerereturnedtotheincubator.Thesupernatantsfromcollagengelincubationswerecollectedandtheamountofhydroxyprolineinthehydrolysatewasmeasured.ImmunoblotanalysisofMMP-1,-3andTMMP-1,-2wasperformed.MMP-2,-9wasdetectedbythemethodofGelatinzymography.Cytotoxicityassaywasmeasured.RESULTS:LXA4inhibitedcornealcollagendegradationinadoseandtimemanner.LXA4inhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinthepro-MMP-1,-2,-3,-9andactiveMMP-1,-2,-3,-9inaconcentrationdependentmanner.LXA4alsoinhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinTIMP-1,-2.CONCLUSION:Asapotentanti-inflammationreagent,LXA4caninhibitcornealcollagendegradationinducedbyIL-1βincornealfibroblaststhusinhibitingcornealdissolvingpathologyprocess.
简介:目的:构建表达小鼠CD4+T细胞钙支架蛋白AHNAK1的短发夹RNA(shorthairpinRNA,shRNA)慢病毒载体,并研究其对小鼠甲状腺相关性眼病(thyroid-associatedophthalmopathy,TAO)的抑制效应。方法:设计并筛选对AHNAK1具有良好干扰效力的shRNA序列,慢病毒载体包装干扰序列,感染小鼠CD4+T细胞,检测AHNAK1静默对T细胞功能的抑制作用,采用实验动物模型观察AHNAK1体内抑制甲状腺相关性眼病的效果。结果:成功筛选出具有良好干扰效力的shRNA,并包装入慢病毒。病毒滴度为1.0伊106TU/mL,转染慢病毒的CD4+T细胞展现出失能倾向,抑制炎症免疫反应;在动物模型中抑制T细胞中AHNAK1表达可以有效控制甲状腺眼病的发生发展,显著降低治疗组T细胞中IL-2、IL-1茁和IFN-酌的表达。结论:成功构建了表达小鼠AHNAK1shRNA的慢病毒,具有抑制T细胞分泌IL-2、IL-1茁和IFN-酌的表达效应,能够有效抑制甲状腺眼病的发生发展。
简介:目的了解上海市普陀区4-7岁儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的患病率及相关危险因素,探讨问卷调查在筛选疑似病例中的价值。方法以班级为单位采取整群抽样的方法从上海市普陀区幼儿园及小学一年级中抽取4-7岁学生6000例,由学生家长填写问卷,再从中随机抽取无打鼾或轻微打鼾者10例,有频繁打鼾症状的儿童42例,行多导睡眠监测。结果实际调查人数5040(应答率为84.0%),有效问卷4045份(有效率为80.23%),按睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥5次/h、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)≤0.94为标准,根据多导睡眠监测结果,估算上海市4-7岁儿童OSAHS的患病率为3.91%。AHI与腺样体肥大相关性较强(偏相关系数为0.373);将问卷中打鼾、憋气、反复翻身、夜尿发生率等选项分配一个0-4分的数值,调查问卷得分与AHI呈正相关(r=0.518)。问卷中打鼾、张口呼吸选项的敏感度较高(95%、87%),特异性一般(67%、79%);憋气、憋醒选项敏感度一般(66%、29%),特异度较高(93%、100%);夜尿及反复翻身选项无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论上海市普陀区4-7岁儿童OSAHS的患病率估计为3.91%,腺样体肥大为患病主要原因;设计合理的调查问卷可用于初步筛选儿童OSAHS疑似病例,对早期诊断和治疗具有重要参考价值。