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简介：源于大气的碳的升起的层次，海洋使发酸成为了一个全球问题。它在海洋的有机体的发展，幸存，生长和生理学有重要影响。因此，一个高精确的传感器着急地被需要测量海水的pH。有0.25公里的一条直径的铱电线被用作底层，和红外/红外(哦)xpH电极被一出一步舞准备在在房间温度的一个LiOH答案的电气化学的方法。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察表明它与nanoscale粒子是涂的。在实验室测试，电极展出很有希望的pH回答，与理想的Nernst在测试pH的斜坡(56.14-59.52)，快反应，好稳定性和长寿命缓冲答案。为海试用，四个pH电极和电极Ag/AgCl参考电极与一个白手起家的化学药品传感器，和将近70m的侧面察觉是综合的在Newport附近被实现港口，加利福尼亚在2015年8月3日。结果思考pH价值由传感器测量了，这离加CTD的海鸟911给的数据很靠近，与从的差别价值0.000075～0.064719。并且传感器显示出在0-40m水深度匹配度的一个更好的数据。另外，传感器的高精确和精确性使在海洋观察地里使用可能。

简介：Immigrationrelocationofthepoorinruralareasisaneffectivetargetedmeasuretohelppeopleoutofpovertyinthenewnormal.Thestructuralconstraintslieintheheavypressureoflandresourcesandenvironmentalcarryingcapacity,highcostofimmigrationsettlementanddelayedcounterpartfunds,insufficientindustrialsupportanddifficultyinliving-making.Torealizethegoaloftargetedpovertyalleviation,itdemandsdeterminationandcapabilityfromthepolicydesigner,aswellthesocialbasis.Theeffectimposedbythestructuralconstraintstoimplementationofsuchpolicyshouldbepaidadequateattentionbypublicsectors.Itissupposedtochangetheguidingdirectionofthepolicytimelyandtorelievefinancialburdenofimmigrationsettlementandresourceenvironmentalbearingcapacitythroughmechanismofjointeffortsfrominternalandmoreexternalsupport.

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简介：LaiyangformationofJiaolaiBasinisthetargetstratumforoilandgasexploration.Bymeasuringseveralfieldsections,theauthorsfindthatLaiyangformationrevealsthewholeprocessesfromdevelopmenttodeathofthelakebasinanditssedimentaryfaciesdifferindifferentstructurallocations.AnalysesaboutsedimentaryfaciesandpaleocurrentorientationsinassociationwithresearchesaboutthepositivetectonicunitssuchasDayetouhorsebackandChaigouhorstindicatethatLaiyangsagisarelativelyindependentsedimentaryunitthatshowsgreatwaterdepthtypicalofdeeplakeorsemideeplakeandwascontrolledbyWulongcunfaultduringthedepositionperiodofLaiyangformation.ItssedimentsmainlyoriginatedfromJiaobeiupliftareaandDayetouhorseback.Gaomi-Zhuchengsagwasafast-filledbasincontrolledbyWurongfaultandYishufaultzone,beinghighinthenortheastandlowinthenorthwestandcharacterizedbythedevelopmentofpluvialfaciesandfluvialfaciesinmostareas,andwiththedevelopmentoflakefaciesbeinglimitedtolocallow-lyingregions.Selectionofadvantageoushydrocarbonreservoirareasforexplorationpurposemainlyreliesonthesedimentationpatternofprototypebasinandconservationconditions.Thecentral-westareaofLaiyangsagcoveredbyoverlyingLaiyangformationisthemostadvantageousexplorationarea.

简介：Inthisresearch,fiveNitrariasibiricaprovenancessuchasDayiluwereselectedtodoexperimentofsalt-resistance,combiningfixedplotstestwithtypicalplotinvestigation,measuringsurvivalrateandgrowthasmainindicators.TheexperimentsofmainculturaltechnologyweredoneonNitrariasibiricain4typesofsitepreparation,3typesofplanting,3designsforplantingdensity.TheNitrariasibiricaexperimentsfortheeffectsofcurbingsaltandimprovingsoilweredonebytestingsoilnutrients,saltcontent,soilphysicalpropertiesasfocalpointsintypicalsiteof3-4yearswoods.TheexperimentresultsshowedthattheNitrariasibiricacouldsurvivewellwithsoilsaltcontentof0.6%,andthatsurvivalratedeclineddistinctivelyassoilsaltcontentexceeded0.8%.However,highsoilsaltcontentdidnotinfluencegrowthintheyearofplanting.Therewereobviousdifferencesinsalt-toleranceamongNitrariasibiricaprovenances;Dayiluwasthebestonsalt-tolerance,theother4provenanceshadnodifferences,andobviouslyinferiortoDayilu.Thedifferenttypesofsitepreparationclearlyinfluencedplantingsurvivalrate,conservingrateandgrowth.Themethodoftwo-ploughing-two-harrowingwasthebestamongall4typesofsitepreparation.Seedforestationwaslargelylimited,bared-rootedseedlingforestationmaybepopularisedwhensoilsaltcontentwaslessthan1%andsoilmoisturecontentwasbetterinspring.Forestationwithcontainerseedlingwassuitedtocoastalsalinesoilinrainyseason.TheoptimumplantingdensityofNitrariasibiricawas2505/haintheYellowRiverDeltaareainviewofcoveragerate,yieldoffruitsandcostofplanting.Generallyspeaking,Nitrariasibiricacouldeffectivelyrefrainsoilfromaccumulationofsaltinthesurfacesoil,decreasesaltcontentandincreasesoilnutrient,andheightensoilcapillaryporerate.

简介：从最近在中国的香港以传统的方式进行的土壤调查基于遗产土壤数据，印射方法的数字土壤被使用为香港的山区生产土壤订购信息。二建模方法(决定树分析和线性判别式分析)被使用，并且他们的应用被比较。更多努力被放在为当模特儿选择土壤covariates上。首先，变化(ANOVA)的分析被用来测试在土壤订单之间的地面属性的变化。然后，一个逐步的过程被用来为线性判别式分析选择土壤covariates，并且一个向后的搬迁过程被开发为树建模选择土壤covariates。同时，印射的土壤上的ANOVA结果，以及我们的知识和经验，也为为树建模选择土壤covariates被考虑。二个线性判别式模型和四个树模型最后被建立，并且他们的预言表演用一条多重jackknifing途径被验证。结果证明在ANOVA结果上造的判别式模型最好表演了，由造由的判别式模型列在后面逐步，树模型由向后的搬迁过程，在印射的土壤上根据知识和经验造的树模型，和树造了自动地造的模型。结果强调了在为印射的土壤当模特儿选择土壤covariates的重要性，并且建议了在这研究使用选择土壤covariates的方法的实用性。最好的判别式模型最后被选择为这个区域印射土壤订单，并且确认结果显示出有的那张因此生产的土壤顺序地图高精确性。

简介：Thestudypresentedhereininvestigatedthemaincharacteristicsofcarbonmonoxideintraseasonalvariabilityandevaluateditspossibleimpactfactorsusingtheuppertroposphereandlowerstratosphere(UT/LS)AuraMicrowaveLimbSounder(MLS)observationsoverTibetanPlateauanditsadjacentareasinsummer(JunetoAugust)of2005and2006.ObservationsshowapersistentconstituentextremeextendingupintotheUT/LSthroughoutsummer,aswellasatemporallyreversedphasevariationbetweenthecarbonmonoxideandozoneinUT/LS.Theintraseasonaloscillations(ISOs)ofcarbonmonoxideduringsummerareinvestigatedbyusingmethodsofwaveletandbandpassfilteranalysis.ItisfoundthatISOsovertheTibetanPlateauhaveperiodsof10to20daysand30to60days.Theformermainlyappearedinuppertropospherewhilethelatterinlowerstratosphere.FurtheranalysisshowsthatthesetwoperiodsofISOsinUT/LSaremainlyinphasetotheactivitiesofconvectionoverthesouthoftheplateauandthevariationofSouthAsiaHigh,respectively.TheabovetwofactorsandtheirdynamicalcouplingmayberesponsibleforthetracerISOsatdifferentlevels.

简介：AbstractBackground:Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) selected for worldwide elimination in the near future. Egypt has made strong progress against its two endemic species of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium. The former is prevalent in the Nile Delta with the latter dominating in the Nile south of Cairo. Innovative efforts are needed to reach the goal as further reduction of the prevalence has stalled due to ongoing transmission. In this study we aimed to explore the difference between low and high prevalence villages with regard to knowledge attitude and practice about schistosomiasis, utilization of health services, infection and transmission indices.Methods:A hybrid cross-sectional longitudinal study was conducted with three annual follow-ups conducted during 1994-1996. We used a representative systematic random sampling technique investigating 993 individuals from the high prevalence village and 614 from the low prevalence village. Data were analyzed using SPSS, comparing proportions with the Chi square test and means with the Student t test, and ANOVA.Results:Compliance of faecal sampling and chemotherapy was above 70% in both villages over the whole study period. Selective praziquantel treatment resulted in a significant reduction of prevalence and intensity of infection in both villages, dropping from 35.8% prevalence to 20.6%, in the low-prevalence village, and from 69.5 to 45.9% in the high-prevalence one. Intensity of infection at the base line was 30 eggs per gram (EPG) of stool in the low-prevalence village versus 105 EPG in the high-prevalence village. However, after the second round, reinfection rebounded by 22% in the high-prevalence village, while a slight improvement of the infection indices was demonstrated in the low-prevalence one. The level of knowledge was modest in both villages: people knew about self-protection and treatment, but not much about the role of human excreta for schistosomiasis transmission. While all participants maintained that using the water from the canals was inevitable, inhabitants in the high-prevalence village showed significantly lower scores reflecting higher water contact compared to the low-prevalence one. Many of them (67%) did not utilize the health centre at all compared to 26% of the people in the low-prevalence village. Interestingly, private clinics were seen as the primary source of health care by both villages, but more frequently so in the high-prevalence village (used by 87.2% of the inhabitants) compared to the low-prevalence one (59.8%).Conclusions:Even if chemotherapy works well as reflected by the observed downregulation of intensity of infection in both villages, reinfection continued due to difficulties to avoid water contact. Efforts must be made to make people understand the role of human excreta for transmission. There is also a need to make people better trust the medical services available.

简介：TherearefourtypesofmetamorphicrocksintheMarinwobofault,i.e,cataclasite,mylonite,mictositeandmigmatiticgranite,andtheformationoftheserocksisduetotheprogressivemetamorphismofthepyroclastics.ThefluidsplayaveryimportantroleinthemetamorphicprocessoftheserocksintheMarinwobofault,themostimportantfeatureisthatthefluidsnotonlyresultinthemigrationofthemajorelementsofthedeformationrocks,butalsoresultinthevolumelossofthedeformationrocksinthedeformationprocess.Thusthemigrationlawsofthemajorelementsindifferentstagesoftheprogressivemetamorphicprocessarediscussedaccordingtomassbalanceequations.Finally,thequantitativeanalysisofthemasslossandvolumelossofthedifferentrockstheinMarinwobofaultisdiscussedinthispaper.

简介：Twotypicalprovincialcapitals(NanjingandZhengzhou)andtwocounties(RugaoandYuanyang)ineast(JiangsuProvince)andcentral(HenanProvince)Chinawerechosenrespectivelyasthedevelopedandlessdevelopedcomparativecasesforpedodiversityandlandusediversitycorrelativeanalysisbyborrowingtherecentlybetterdevelopedpedodiversitymethodology.Landuseclassificationwasworkedoutusingremotesensingimagesinthreedifferentperiods(1986-1988,2000-2001and2004-2006)forthesestudiedcaseareasbeforethecalculationoftheconstituentdiversityindexandspatialdistributiondiversityindexmodifiedafterShannonentropyin2km×2kmgridscaleofthesoilandlandusepatternwereconductedandthenaconnectionindexwasproposedtoevaluatetherelationshipbetweensoilandlandusediversity.Resultsshowthatduringtheyearsfrom1986to2006,thecompositionandspatialdistributionofregionallandusepatternhadchangedgreatly.TheagriculturallandareaofallthestudiedcaseareasdecreasedobviouslyinwhichNanjinghasthehighestdecrementof895.98km2mainlyintourbanusewhiletheotherlandusetypeareachangesshowthesametrend.Theconnectionindexoffourtypicalsoilfamilytypesandtypicalurbanlandusetypes,i.e.,urbanconstructionland,transportationlandandindustrialandminingareaallincreasedinthisperiod.Inthestudiedcaseareas,thereisthehighestsoilconstituentdiversityinZhengzhouat0.779whilethesimplestsoilconstituentdiversityinRugaoat0.582.MeanwhilewehavehigherlandusediversityinthemoreurbanizedJiangsuProvincethanHenanProvince,Nanjingisrankingthefirstthathasbeengettinghigherandhigherinthethreeperiodsat0.366in1986-1988,0.483in2000-2001and0.545in2004-2006.Finally,theconnectionindexfigurestoevaluatetherelationshipbetweensoilandlandusediversityofthestudiedareaswerecomparedtoshowthesimilarphenomenonthatthisfiguregrowsfastestinNanjingfollowedb

简介：AbstractBackground:An epidemic of COVID-19 broke out in Wuhan, China, since December 2019. The ordinary medical services were hindered. However, the emergency cases, including aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), still required timely intervention. Thus, it provoked challenges to the routine management protocol. In this study, we summarized our experience in the emergency management of aSAH (Beijing Tiantan Protocol, BTP) in Beijing, China.Methods:Demographic, clinical, and imaging data of consecutive emergency aSAH patients who underwent craniotomy clipping during the COVID-19 epidemic season were reviewed and compared with the retrospective period last year. Subgroup analysis was further performed to assess the outcomes of different screening results and several detailed protocols. Neurological outcomes were evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).Results:A total of 127 aSAH were referred to our emergency department, and 42 (33.1%) underwent craniotomy clipping between January 20, 2020, and March 25, 2020. The incidence of preoperative hospitalized adverse events and the perioperative outcomes were similar (-0.1, 95% CI - 1.0 to 0.8, P = 0.779) to the retrospective period last year (January 2019-March 2019). After the propensity score matching (PSM), there were still no statistical differences in prognostic parameters between the two groups. Eight (19.0%) of the 42 individuals were initially screened as preliminary undetermined COVID-19 cases, in which 2 of them underwent craniotomy clipping in the negative pressure operating room (OR). The prognosis of patients with varied COVID-19 screening results was similar (F(2, 39) = 0.393, P = 0.678). Since February 28, 12 cases (28.6%) received COVID-19 nucleic acid testing (NAT) upon admission, and all showed negative. The false-negative rate was 0.0%. The preoperative hospitalized adverse events and postoperative prognosis were still similar between patients with and without COVID-19 NAT (-0.3, 95% CI - 1.4 to 0.9, P = 0.653).Conclusions:Our emergency surgery management protocol (BTP) is reliable for scheduling emergency aneurysm craniotomy clipping in non-major epidemic areas.

简介：用地震断层摄影术的最近的结果，我们学习了深构造的背景中等并且在安徽省和它的附近的区域的强震(28°～39°N，112°～124°E)。结果如下：(1)在那里存在在中等强壮的地震，表面的地质的结构并且与上面外壳的速度划分活跃构造元素的地点之间的某个关联组织。记录M≥的大多数地震6.0发生在高速度的地区或在在high-velocityand之间的过渡区域在上地壳的低速度的地区。在低速度的地区的地震活动有更小的影响。发生在高速度的地区的地震主要在速度变化区域被散布。边界带和北方中国平凡断裂地块的内部是中等强壮的地震的主要活跃地点。在在块的西方、北的方面的断层盆地下面，上地壳被宽不连续的分布在low-velocityzone，并且在过渡带描绘从低--到高速度，中等强壮的seismicityshows活断层被开发的显域分布。NW-extensionZhoukou-Hefei-Xuancheng低速度的地区分开DabieshanMountainsand西方山东的高速度的地区--它毗邻thehigh速度地区的北方面上的安徽，和中等强壮的地震是相对经常的。这个低速度的地区可能是在北方中国和华南之间的一条重要、深深地组织的边界构造的省。(2)Thefrequent中等强壮的地震在Huoshan-Lu在过去和最近的小地震活动记录了“一个区域是在在Dabieshan的中央部分和通过外壳切了的深断裂的二个集合下面的中间的外壳中的一个低速度的地区的结果。(3)以深部构造，在安徽省的中等强壮的地震的分发有一个明显的地区性的特征。基于历史的地震复发间隔和深seismogenictectonics的类似物原则，在安徽Provinceare记录M_s5.0的潜在的地震风险地区决定了。

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简介：SincethelowandmediumgradeoxideoresintheMainandEasternMiningAreasattheBayanOboMinehaveahighgradeofNb2O5andlargeorereservesandarerichinmanyelements,theyareofgreatervaluetouseindevelopmentandrecoverythanotherkindsofniobiummineralsresources.Thedisseminationcharacteristicsandprocessingpropertiesoffourtypesofniobiummineralsaresummarisedandmethodsandresultsofniobiummineralprocessingarealsodescribed.

简介：喝水类型斑釉是在有患者的最大的数字的中国的最有害的地方性的疾病。尽管政策的实现有效地控制了这种地方性的疾病的传播改变水来源降低氟化物水平，因为，它的流行不能彻底地被停止地方性地，diseased区域能仍然损害的在这些的高氟化物的环境背景通过食物链的人的健康。因此，在喝的水类型斑釉上进行更深去的研究是必要的。为了调查高氟的符号的效果，在在他们的根附近的热春天类型斑釉疾病区域，本地水，水稻土，米饭，整个蔬菜和土壤的庄稼和人的健康上的环境背景为分析被取样。结果与在在自然背景并且在社会背景类似于斑釉疾病区域的没有斑釉的区域的控制组的那些相比。大米和蔬菜能在土壤或在灌溉水积累水溶性的氟的符号任何一个，这被显示，并且不同庄稼有修理氟的符号的不同能力。在在斑釉疾病和没有斑釉的区域的蔬菜的不同部分的氟的符号的内容统计上被分类。结果证明在斑釉疾病区域的蔬菜的根，澡盆ers，叶子和花的氟的符号内容分别地是3.56，1.17，3.07和3.23mg/kg。然而，比较证明在没有斑釉的区域，氟的符号内容分别地是2.17，0.70，1.91和2.52mg/kg。而且，庄稼的不同部分也显示出显著地不同的氟的符号固定能力。强烈新陈代谢的部分的氟的符号内容相对高，这被表明。例如，蔬菜的根，叶子和花的氟的符号内容比茎的那些高得多。种子的氟的符号固定能力是很弱的。以便把人的身体的暴露的风险归结为氟化物，到改正氟的符号的庄稼的能力上的温泉水的影响应该被减少像一样可能。阻止庄稼与温泉水被灌溉作为在被温泉水严重地影响的区域的主要可食的部分是很重要的，与相对低的能力种庄稼充实氟的符号是明智的，例如有种子或澡盆ers的那些。

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简介：AbstractBackground:Excessive exposure to fluoride can reduce intelligence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (MTHFD1) polymorphisms have important roles in neurodevelopment. However, the association of MTHFD1 polymorphisms with children’s intelligence changes in endemic fluorosis areas has been rarely explored.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools in Tongxu County, Henan Province, from April to May in 2017. A total of 694 children aged 8 to 12 years were included in the study with the recruitment by the cluster sampling method. Urinary fluoride (UF) and urinary creatinine were separately determined using the fluoride ion-selective electrode and creatinine assay kit. Children were classified as the high fluoride group and control group according to the median of urinary creatinine-adjusted urinary fluoride (UFCr) level. Four loci of MTHFD1 were genotyped, and the Combined Raven’s Test was used to evaluate children’s intelligence quotient (IQ). Generalized linear model and multinomial logistic regression model were performed to analyze the associations between children’s UFCr level, MTHFD1 polymorphisms, and intelligence. The general linear model was used to explore the effects of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction on intelligence.Results:In the high fluoride group, children’s IQ scores decreased by 2.502 when the UFCr level increased by 1.0 mg/L (β= –2.502, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –4.411, –0.593), and the possibility for having "excellent" intelligence decreased by 46.3% (odds ratio = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.994). Children with the GG genotype showed increased IQ scores than those with the AA genotype of rs11627387 locus in the high fluoride group (P < 0.05). Interactions between fluoride exposure and MTHFD1 polymorphisms on intelligence were observed (Pinteraction < 0.05).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that excessive fluoride exposure may have adverse effects on children’s intelligence, and changes in children’s intelligence may be associated with the interaction between fluoride and MTHFD1 polymorphisms.