简介：Coastlinesareundergoingconstantgeomorphologicchangeswithrespecttotheincidentwaveclimate.Basedonwavesmeasuredat9mwaterdepth,simulationofnearshorewavetransformationisdoneusingREFDIF-1numericalmodelandthenearshorebreakerparametersareestimatedattwomicro-tidalbeachesalongcentralwestcoastofIndia.Modelresultsarevalidatedwithmeasuredvalues.Fromthebreakerparameters,long-shorecurrentandlong-shoresedimenttransportrates(LSTR)arecomputedbyusingsemi-empiricalequations.Estimatedlong-shorecurrentandLSTRareshowingdramaticvariationswithrespecttoseasons.PredominantdirectionofLSTRisobservedtowardsnorthsincetheapproachwavesarefromsouth-westdirectionduringpre-monsoonandpostmonsoon.Duringmonsoonseason,wavesarefromwestsouth-westandresultedinsoutherlytransport.TheestimatedannualnetandgrossLSTRbyCambridgeEnvironmentalResearchConsultants(CERC)attwolocationsareinthesameorderwhereasLSTRestimatedbyWalton&BrunoandKamphuisequationsareshowingdifferentestimationsbecauseofdifferenceinsurf-zonewidthandforeshoreslopebetweenthetwolocations.Formicro-tidalbeacheswithlengthlessthan6km,KamphuisequationisgivingagreeableestimationofLSTR.SensitivityanalysisofLSTRestimateshowsthatcoastalinclinationistheprominentfactorindeterminingLSTRthanincidentwaveangle.

简介：这个工作由进行批实验在沉积调查Cu离子的吸附，包括等温的实验和吸附动力学实验。从等温的实验的数据用Freundlich和Temkin模特儿兰米尔被分析，试验性的运动数据用伪first-order，pseudo-second-order，Elovich，液体电影散开和intra粒子散开模型是合适的。兰米尔模型导致了为平衡数据合适的最好，它显示沉积上的Cu离子的吸附能力是1.0403?mg?有K1>L4.2877的KL价值?L?mg1。也提供的Freundlich和Temkin模型好适合，并且nFnF和A价值是3.8565和66.9964?Lmg1,分别地，显示在Cu离子和沉积之间的更强壮的吸附紧张和吸附精力。与伪first-order和Elovich模型相比，pseudo-second-order模型为描述吸附动力学是更适当的，显示吸附的化学吸着性质。吸附运动过程能被划分成电影散开，毛孔散开和吸附反应。为吸附动力学的控制的步随着吸附过程的发展变化了。全部吸附过程拿了180?min。电影散开是控制步骤为开始的20?min。在期间20～60?min时期，逐渐地增加的毛孔散开和电影散开减少了以便两现象共存了。毛孔散开在60-180期间是控制步骤?min时期。