简介:ThePRCMinistryofScienceandTechnologyofficiallyapprovedtheimplementationoftheprojectasoneofNationalKeyScienceandTechnologyProjectsinNovember2001andentrustedtheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration(CMA)withtheleadership.Thenewsbriefingoftheprojectstaring-upwasheldceremoniouslyatCMAon29December2001.ProjectGoal:undertheconditionsofhigh-performancesupercomputersandhightemporalandspatialresolutionmeteorologicaldata,makinggooduseofbothinternationalanddomesticnewscientificachievements,todevelopournewgenerationnumericalweatherforecastingoperationsystemindependentlysotomeettheneedsofthedevelopmentofthecountryanditsmeteorologicalservice.
简介:AstochasticmodelfordailyprecipitationsimulationinChinawasdevelopedbasedontheframeworkofa′Richardson-type′weathergeneratorthatisanimportanttoolinstudyingimpactsofweather/climateonavarietyofsystemsincludingecosystemandriskassessment.ThepurposeofthisworkistodevelopaweathergeneratorforapplicationsinChina.Thefocusisonprecipitationsimulationsincedeterminationofotherweathervariablessuchastemperatureisdependentonprecipitationsimulation.AframeworkoffirstorderMarkovChainwithGammaDistributionfordailyprecipitationisadoptedinthiswork.Basedonthisframework,fourparametersofprecipitationsimulationforeachmonthat672stationsalloverChinaweredeterminedusingdailyprecipitationdatafrom1961to2000.Comparedwithpreviousworks,ourestimationfortheparameterswasmadeformorestationsandlongerobservations,whichmakestheweathergeneratormoreapplicableandreliable.Spatialdistributionsofthefourparametersareanalyzedinaregionalclimatecontext.Theseasonalvariationsoftheseparametersatfivestationsrepresentingregionaldifferencesarediscussed.Basedontheestimatedmonthlyparametersat672stations,dailyprecipitationsforanyperiodcanbesimulated.A30-yearsimulationwasmadeandcomparedwithobservationsduring1971-2000intermsofannualandmonthlystatistics.Theresultsaresatisfactory,whichdemonstratestheusefulnessoftheweathergenerator.