学科分类
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72 个结果
  • 简介:目的:评价七叶洋地黄苷滴眼液治疗近视患者准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(1aseffnsitukeratomileusis,LASIK)后视疲劳的临床疗效。方法:对200例400眼近视患者行LASIK手术,随机分成两组。100例为试验组应用七叶洋地黄苷滴眼液,另100例为对照组应用潇莱威滴眼液。分别于手术前、用药后1,2,4wk评估患者术后视疲劳的症状和体征,同时观察药物不良反应。结果:随着术后时间的延长,试验组和对照组近视患者视疲劳症状逐渐缓解,在术后1,2wk时,试验组的视疲劳评分低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(t=3.160,P=0.001;t=2.727,P=0.0025);术后4wk时,两组的差异无统计学意义(t=1.423,P=0.10)。结论:随着观察时间的延长,LASIK术后患者视疲劳症状可逐渐得到恢复和改善,七叶洋地黄苷滴眼液对改善LASIK术后早期视疲劳症状有效。

  • 标签: LASIK 七叶洋地黄双苷 视疲劳
  • 简介:腺样体切除术是儿童耳鼻咽喉科最常见的手术,但术后出血仍是腺样体切除术最主要的并发症。出血不但有损于患儿健康,严重时甚至危及生命。2年来,我科应用改制极电凝在腺样体切除术中止血,效果显著,现报告如下。

  • 标签: 腺样体切除术 术中止血 双极电凝 应用 改制 术后出血
  • 简介:目的:观察撕囊联合前部玻璃体切除治疗先天性白内障的疗效。方法:对31例52眼2月龄~12岁先天性白内障患儿实行白内障囊外摘除、后囊连续环形撕囊、前部玻璃体切除术,联合Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期IOL植入,平均随访16mo。结果:31例患儿之中有27例44眼术后能检查视力,最佳矫正视力〉0.5者23眼,〉0.3者12眼,〈0.3者9眼,另外,〈2岁的患儿4例8眼无法进行视力表检查,但相对术前跟随光亮或有注视目标的能力有所提高。术后并发症:后发性白内障3眼、葡萄膜炎7眼、角膜水肿5眼,人工晶状体偏位、黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜脱离等严重并发症尚未出现。结论:撕囊联合前部玻璃体切除术联合IOL植入能预防后发性白内障等并发症的发生,是比较安全有效的治疗儿童先天性白内障的手术方式。

  • 标签: 先天性白内障 双撕囊 前部玻璃体切除 后发性白内障
  • 简介:目的观察针劈核法在小切口白内障囊外摘除术中的应用。方法利用一次性注射器针头采用针劈核法劈开晶状体核,小切口囊外摘除,植入后房型人工晶体。结果术后视力第一天、第三天裸眼视力≥0.5分别为39眼(41.5%)和68眼(72.3%)。术后第一天角膜水肿14眼(14.8%),前房出血5眼(5.3%),8眼(8.5%)前房渗出。经治疗后,均好转恢复。结论把针劈核法应用在小切口白内障囊外摘除术中安全,并发症少,易于掌握且手术成本低。适于在基层医院和大规模防盲行动中开展。

  • 标签: 白内障 劈核 小切口
  • 简介:目的:利用频域三维相干光学断层扫描(threedimensionalfrequencydomaincoherentopticaltomography,3D-OCT)评估准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laserinsitukeratomileusis,LASIK)对视网膜神经纤维层厚度(retinalnervefibrelayerthickness,RNFLT)的影响。方法:对83例83右眼接受LASIK治疗的受试者分别于术前及术后1d;1wk;1,3mo行3D-OCT检查,测量视乳头上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧及12个钟点位RNFLT,利用重复测量方差分析及配对t检验对术前及术后的数据统计学处理。结果:术前及术后各时间点行重复测量方差分析显示,视乳头下方、颞侧、5:00~11:00位RNFLT均值无显著差异(P〉0.05),而视乳头上方、鼻侧、1:00~4:00位、12:00位RNFLT有显著差异(P〈0.05);进一步对术前及术后各时间点视乳头上方、鼻侧、1:00~4:00位、12:00位RNFLT分别行配对t检验得出,术后1d时视乳头上方、鼻侧及1:00~4:00位、12:00位RNFLT较术前变薄,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),术后1wk;1,3mo时以上各方位RNFLT较术前比较均无统计学差异(P〉0.05)。同时表明RNFLT变薄与屈光度及激光时间成正相关。结论:LASIK术后早期上方及鼻侧RNFLT变薄,但术后1wk恢复至正常水平,LASIK手术对RNFLT无长远影响。

  • 标签: 准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 视网膜神经纤维层 厚度 光学相干断层扫描仪
  • 简介:AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.

  • 标签: Clinically SIGNIFICANT MACULAR EDEMA Grid laser
  • 简介:目的:利用DNA探针杂交技术,结合显色探针技术建立一种新型、高灵敏的免疫检测体系,用于早期先天性白内障的筛查。方法:选取3个常染色体显性遗传的先天性白内障家系中患者14例,取静脉血并提取mRNA,建立CRYAB的捕获探针及显色探针。利用DNA探针,通过碱基配对原则形成三明治结构(捕获探针-DNA探针-显色探针)检测入选者的血样。1家系6例患者静脉血利用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测琢B-晶状体蛋白。结果:最佳条件下,特异探针技术可检测到最低浓度的先天性白内障晶状体蛋白的突变基因,各突变位点检测率为99.5%~99.7%;ELISA法检测样本琢B-晶状体蛋白上调,阳性率为85.9%。特异探针技术敏感性更高,检测位点更多,ELISA法仅局限于蛋白检测水平,精确性不高。结论:特异探针检测技术操作简单,灵敏度高,可重复性高,经济实惠,在临床上用于产前诊断、优生优育具有重要的应用价值。

  • 标签: 双特异探针技术 先天性白内障 晶状体蛋白基因
  • 简介:目的评价庆大霉素氯芬酸钠控制白内障和青光眼术后炎症反应的疗效和安全性。方法采用临床多中心、随机、双盲、对照试验。试验组和对照组分别滴用庆大霉素氯芬酸钠和复美新,每日4次,观察2wk。结果内眼术后试验组和对照组中有效率分别是71.43%和65.52%,两者间的差异无统计学意义。两组的不良事件发生率也无统计学意义。结论庆大霉素氯芬酸钠是控制内眼术后(白内障手术和青光眼手术)有效和安全的药物。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2006,6:223~225)

  • 标签: 庆大霉素双氯芬酸钠 复美新 超声乳化白内障吸出术 小梁切除术
  • 简介:鼻出血是耳鼻咽喉科常见的急症,出血部位大多位于鼻腔前段,其中鼻中隔利氏区最为常见,治疗比较容易。而难治性鼻出血是耳鼻咽喉科难治病症之一。下鼻道穹隆顶部出血为比较常见的难治性鼻出血,多系动脉破裂出血,出血较凶猛,量大。因该出血部位隐匿、深在,鼻腔止血、填塞较困难。本科对明确诊断为下鼻道穹隆顶部出血的难治性鼻出血30例(2008年1月~2010年1月)患者行下鼻道局部出血点烧灼和21例(2010年1月~2012年1月)患者行下鼻道局部出血点烧灼+鼻后外侧动脉区烧灼的止血效果进行了比较,现将结果报告如下。

  • 标签: 难治性鼻出血 双极电凝治疗 下鼻道 疗效分析 穹隆 鼻内镜下
  • 简介:目的观察七叶洋地黄苷滴眼液(施图伦)对青少年低度数近视及视疲劳症状的治疗效果。方法收集于2015年6月至9月就诊于浙江省台州医院眼科门诊的青少年近视患者120例240眼,根据用药情况不同随机分为对照组,托吡卡胺组,施图伦组,每组40例80眼,分别比较三组用药前与用药后一月的裸眼视力与屈光状态,根据视疲劳问卷调查表评估用药前后的视疲劳症状变化。结果(1)裸眼视力:施图伦组及托吡卡胺组较治疗前裸眼视力均有一定程度提高,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。(2)近视度数:施图伦组较治疗前矫正度数下降,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),托吡卡胺组矫正度数较治疗前有下降,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。对照组矫正度数较治疗前对比无差异。(3)视疲劳症状:施图伦组视疲劳症状改善37例,总改善率达92.5%。对照组及托吡卡胺组对比治疗前差异无统计学意义。结论施图伦滴眼液能显著改善近视患者的视疲劳症状,对于低度数近视有一定的治疗作用。

  • 标签: 七叶洋地黄双苷 近视 视疲劳
  • 简介:AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra

  • 标签: extrafoveal TRACTION vitreofoveal TRACTION grid laser
  • 简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.

  • 标签: DOUBLE-PASS system optical quality RETINOSCOPY autorefraction