简介：ThetransientopticalpropertiesofnovelPbSnanoparticlescoatedwith2.6-O-diallyl-β-cyclodextrines(CDs)werestudiedbythefemtosecondpump-probetechnique.Theresultsshowthattheultrafasttransient-inducedabsorptionforthenovelcase.ComparedtothePbSnanoparticlesstabilizedwithpolyvinylalcohol(PVA),wefindthattheprocessforthenovelcaseisdifferentfromthePbS(PVA),WesuggestthattheCDssurfacemodificationcantrapholesonthesurfaceofPbSnanoparticles.ThiscaninduceanefficientchargeseparationbetweenthePbSnanoparticlesanditssurfaceandresultinanultrsafast-inducedabsorptionfornovelPbSnanoparticles.

简介：Thenanoparticlesγ-Fe2O3coatedwithsurfactants.DBS,STandCTAB.repsectively.weresynthesizedbymicroemulsionmethod.Thecoatedferricoxides.whichshowenhancednonlinearopticalpropertiescomparedwiththeirbulkcounterpart.wereprobedbyEXAFSinsolutionforms.Thex=-rayabsorptionspectraforFeKedgeweremeasuredatroomtemperaturebyhelpofsynchrotronradiationlightsource.Extendedx-rayabsorptionfinestructureanalysisshowsthatthecoatinglayersoforganicmoleculesinteractwithsurfaceatomsofnanopartices,theFe-Obondlengthwasextended.

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简介：Themicrostructuresofloadedorganicphasesofthreequaternaryaminesolventextractionsystemsforgold,whichwereN263-xylene,N263-tributylphosphate(TBP)-dodecaneandN263-2-ethylhexanol(isooctanol)-dodecane(N263-trialkylmethylammoniumchloride;alkyl=C8-C10),werestudiedbyFouriertransforminfrared(FTIR)spectroscopyandextendedX-rayabso\rptionfinestructure(EXAFS)spectroscopy.AccordingtotheEXAFSresults,itwasfoundthatthegoldcoordinationenvironmentwasthesamebeforeandafterextraction.However,theC≡NstretchingvibrationsofAu(CN)2-werealsofoundtobedifferent,InordertoexplainthedifferencesintheIRcharacteristicsofC≡Ninthethreeextractionsystems,threemicrostructuremodelsareproposed.FortheN263-xylenesystem,themodelisasimpleionpair.Fortheothertwosystemswithamodifier(TBPandisooctanol),themodelsaretwosupramolecularstructuesbasedonhydrogenbondingbetweenthemodifierandAu(CN)2^-.SomerelatedworksuchasonthehydrationofacetonitrileandthefinestructureofC≡NinsolidKAu(CN)2wasalsoperformedinordertoofferadditionalsupportingevidenceforthereliabilityoftheproposedmodels.

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简介：AseriesofoxideizedCO-K-Mo/γ-Al2O3catalystsamples,preparedbyimpregnatingoxidizedK-Mo/γ-Al2O3sampleswithanaqueoussolutionofcalculatedCo(NO3)2andthencalcininginairattemperaturesof350℃，500℃65℃and800℃respectively,weresulfidedandtheninvestigatedfortheactivityinthesynthesisofmixedalcoholsfromCOhydrogenationunderconditionsofp=5.0MPa,T=350℃andGHSV=4800h^-1.TheresultsdemonstratethattheadditionofcobaltpromoterisfavorabletotheformationofhigheralcoholsandtheopimumcalcinationtemperaturesafterimpregnatingwithCo^2+areabout500-650℃.ThestructureofCoandMospeciesontheoxidizedandsulfidedsampleswasdeterminedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),laserRamanspectrum(LRS)andextendedX-rayabsorptionfinestructure(EXAFS).Foroxidizedsamplecalcinedat350℃,cobaltexistsasCo3O4spectiesandcoversthesurfaceofK-Mo-Ospecies,thestructureofK-Mo-OspeciesisthesameasthatinK-Mo/Al2O3sample.TheinteractionbetweencobaltandK-Mo-Ospeciesisrelativelyweak.Aftersulfidation.Cobaltexistsassulfidecrystalliteswithanoctahedralcoordinatedstructure,andmolybdenumasMoS2crystallites.Foroxidizedsamplescalcinedat500-650℃,CocomponentinteractswiththeK-Mo-Ospeciesanddestroysthelong-rangeorderoftheK-Mo-Ospectesgradually,Aftersulfidation.CotendstoexistasasulfidewithtetrahedralcoordinatedstructureandMostillasMoS2crystallites.Foroxidizedsamplecalcinedat800℃,CocomponentexistsmainlyasCoAl2O4species,mostofwhichcannotbesultidedduringsulfidation.

简介：ToobtainthermotolerantmutantsofG.oxydans,whichcanenhancethetransformationrateofL-sorboseto2-Keto-L-gulonate(2-KLG)at33℃inatwo-stepprocessofvitaminCmanufacture,ionbeamwasusedasamutationsource.GluconobacteroxydansGOandBacillusmegateriumB0wereusedinthisstudy.TheoriginalstrainGluconobacteroxydansGOwasmutatedbytheheavyionimplantationfacilityattheInstituteofPlasmaPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences.SeveralmutantsincludingGluconobacteroxydansGI13wereisolatedandcoculturedwithBacillusmegateriumB0at33℃inshakingflasks.TheaveragetransformationrateofthenewmixedstrainGI13-B0inpergram-moleculereached94.4%aftersevenpassagesinshakingflasks,whichwasincreasedby7%whencomparedwiththeoriginalmixedstrainG0-B0(GluconobacteroxydansG0andBacillusmegateriumB0).Moreover,thetransformationrateofI13B0wasstableat94%attemperaturesrangingfrom25℃to33℃,whichwouldbeofmuchvalueinreducingenergyconsumptioninthemanufactureofL-ascorbicacid,especiallyintheseasonofsummer.Toclarifysomemechanismofthemutation,thespecificactivitiesofL-sorbosedehydrogenaseinbothG0andGI13wereestimated.

简介：InthedischargeofEASTtokamak,itisobservedthat（2,1）neoclassicaltearingmode（NTM）istriggeredbymodecouplingwitha（1,1）internalmode.Usingsingularvaluedecomposition（SVD）methodforsoftX-rayemissionandforelectroncyclotronemission（ECE）,thecouplingspatialstructuresandcouplingprocessbetweenthesetwomodesareanalyzedindetail.TheresultsofSVDforECErevealthatthephasedifferencebetweenthesetwomodesequalstozero.Thisisconsistentwiththeperfectcouplingcondition.Finally,performingstatisticalanalysisofγ1/1,ζ1/1andω2/1,wefindthatγ1/1moreaccuratelyrepresentsthecouplingstrengththanζ1/1,andγ1/1isalsostronglyrelatedtothe（2,1）NTMtriggering,whereγ1/1isthewidthof（1,1）internalmode,ζ1/1istheperturbedamplitudeof（1,1）internalmode,andω2/1denotesthemagneticislandwidthof（2,1）NTM.

简介：本文通过比较两个不同晶体生长历史的温梯法Al2O3晶体，通过同步辐射衍射形貌相研究了晶体内部的完整性，在正常晶体生长条件下Al2O3晶体的FWHM仅为10弧秒，而在正常晶体生长受到间停电破坏时，Al2O3晶体内易出现亚晶粒等缺陷。其内在原因与温梯法晶体生长工艺有关系。

简介：运用同步辐射X射线白光形貌研究了α-BaB2O4晶体内部的完整性并分析了α-BaB2O4晶体的缺陷行为及缺陷形成原因。在(001)面发现了生长扇界和亚晶界，而在(100)面和(120)面分别观察到了位错、位错组以及针状包裹体。运用白光形貌拍摄到高清晰的旁埃斑。

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简介：在Al2O3(0001）衬底上用MOCDVD方法进行了GaN的外延生长，通过X射线衍射（同步辐射源）研究了GaN和Al2O3(0001）的匹配关系。结果表明，经充分氮化的衬底上，GaN以单一的匹配方式沿[0001]方向生长：在Al2O3(0001）衬底未经氮化或氮化不充分时，不同程度地出现了其它三种绕<11-20>晶带轴倾斜一定角度的匹配位向。指出了GaN/Al2O3(0001）的几种匹配方式的晶体学规律。GaN绕<11-20>晶带轴倾斜的匹配方式是其外延生长过程中降低和Al2O3(0001）的晶格失配、释放界面应变的重要机制之一。

简介：Thisworkinvestigatesinternalplasmaprocessparametersusingahairpinresonanceprobeandopticalemissionspectroscopy.ThedependenceofelectrondensityandatomicfluorineonthepercentageofoxygeninanSF6/O2dischargewasmeasuredusingthesemethods.AnRIEOxfordInstruments80pluschamberwasusedfortheexperiments.Twodifferentprocesspowers(100Wand300W)ataconstantpressure(100mTorr)wereused,anditwasfoundthattheopticalemissionintensityofthe703.7nmand685.6nmlinesofatomicfluorineincreasedrapidlyasoxygenwasaddedtotheSF6discharge,reachedtheirmaximumatanO2fractionof20%andthendecreasedwithfurtheradditionofoxygen.TheplasmaelectrondensitywasalsostronglyinfluencedbytheadditionofO2.

简介：WehavedevelopedaplasmaetchingsimulatortoinvestigatetheevolutionofpatternprofilesinSiO2materialunderdifferentplasmaconditions.Thismodelfocusesonenergyandangulardependentetchingyield(physicalsputteringinthispaper),neutralandionangulardistributions,andreflectionofionsorneutralsonthesurfaceofaphotoresistorSiO2.TheeffectofpositivechargeaccumulationonthesurfaceofinsulatedmaskorSiO2isstudiedandthechargeaccumulationcontributestoadeflectionofiontrajectory.Thewaferprofileevolutionhasbeensimulatedusingacellular-automata-likemethodunderradio-frequency(RF)biasanddirect-current(DC)bias,respectively.Onthebasisofthecriticalroleofangulardistributionofionsorneutrals,thewaferprofileevolutionhasbeensimulatedfordifferentvariancesofangles.Observedmicrotrenchinghasbeenwellreproducedinthesimulator.Theratioofneutralstoionshasbeenconsideredandtheresultshowsthatbecausetheneutralsarenotacceleratedbyanelectricfield,theirenergyismuchlowercomparedwithions,sotheyareeasilyreflectedonthesurfaceofSiO2,whichmakesthetrenchshallower.

简介：采用在位高压Raman光谱和高压同步辐射能散X射线衍射技术，在室温下对晶粒尺寸为10nm的锐钛矿TiO2进行了压致相变研究，压力范围分别为42．9GPa和23．0GPa，实验结果表明，在16．3GPaTiO2发生了一次结构相变，由原来的锐钛矿结构变为α－PbO2结构（TiO2-Ⅱ），该相变是不可逆的。同体材料TiO2的高压相变结果比较，由于晶粒尺寸的效应，纳米尺寸的锐钛矿TiO2的相变压力明显高于体材料的相变压力。

简介：评价了具有不同Ni/(Ni+W）原子比的NiW/γ－Al2O3催化剂加氢脱硫活性，对硫化态催化剂进行了EXAFS表征。结果表明，Ni(Ni+W)原子比为0．23的催化剂表面上WS2颗粒最小，有利于形成Ni-W-S加氢脱硫活性相，其反应活性最高。