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简介:在福建泉州湾开展了刈割+机耕船方法(机械法)治理互花米草(Spartinaalterniflora)试验,调查了该法治理互花米草的效果,并对互花米草治理迹地土壤的理化性状进行了监测,为互花米草治理迹地的再利用提供依据。2006年7月初对互花米草进行刈割,待其新萌生株生长至10~15cm后,用机耕船对滩涂进行高强度耕作,以充分破坏其根系,其后,如仍有零星新萌生株,则用人工踩踏使其深埋淤泥之中。近一年多的治理效果监测表明,该法治理迹地在第二年以后没有发现新萌生植株,治理效果理想;与未治理互花米草的草滩相比,治理一个月后,治理迹地的土壤容重减小了21.2%~23.5%,之后,土壤容重逐渐增大,但在治理后一年时的土壤容重仍小于未治理互花米草的滩涂;随着互花米草根系的逐渐死亡和分解,治理迹地中根系生物量呈明显下降趋势,且下降速率在治理后第二年的4月开始明显增大,至10月时残存根系基本分解完毕;在治理后13个月,治理迹地0—20cm和20~40cm土层土壤中水解氮比治理前分别提高了16.2%和11.7%,有效磷含量分别提高了11.9%和16.7%,全氮含量分别提高了16.4%和17.5%。由此可见,机械法治理互花米草效果十分理想,2006—2007年的治理成本约为7500~9000元/hm^2,该方法为红树林等乡土植被的恢复及滩涂的再利用创造了条件。