简介:在福建泉州湾开展了刈割+机耕船方法(机械法)治理互花米草(Spartinaalterniflora)试验,调查了该法治理互花米草的效果,并对互花米草治理迹地土壤的理化性状进行了监测,为互花米草治理迹地的再利用提供依据。2006年7月初对互花米草进行刈割,待其新萌生株生长至10~15cm后,用机耕船对滩涂进行高强度耕作,以充分破坏其根系,其后,如仍有零星新萌生株,则用人工踩踏使其深埋淤泥之中。近一年多的治理效果监测表明,该法治理迹地在第二年以后没有发现新萌生植株,治理效果理想;与未治理互花米草的草滩相比,治理一个月后,治理迹地的土壤容重减小了21.2%~23.5%,之后,土壤容重逐渐增大,但在治理后一年时的土壤容重仍小于未治理互花米草的滩涂;随着互花米草根系的逐渐死亡和分解,治理迹地中根系生物量呈明显下降趋势,且下降速率在治理后第二年的4月开始明显增大,至10月时残存根系基本分解完毕;在治理后13个月,治理迹地0—20cm和20~40cm土层土壤中水解氮比治理前分别提高了16.2%和11.7%,有效磷含量分别提高了11.9%和16.7%,全氮含量分别提高了16.4%和17.5%。由此可见,机械法治理互花米草效果十分理想,2006—2007年的治理成本约为7500~9000元/hm^2,该方法为红树林等乡土植被的恢复及滩涂的再利用创造了条件。
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简介:侵蚀退化红壤植被恢复后生态系统碳库变化的研究对全面认识生态恢复的作用以及碳汇经营具有重要意义.试验地位于福建省长汀县河田镇,本文以采用种植百喜草治理侵蚀退化地上典型“小老头”马尾松林(百喜草治理地)为对象,以相邻的未治理地为对照,研究生态系统及其各个分室碳库的变化.结果表明:侵蚀地种植百喜草治理后生态系统、乔木层及土壤层碳库均显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)高于对照地,分别是对照的2.32倍、5.23倍和1.81倍.乔木层各器官碳贮量均显著高于对照地(P〈0.05),其中树干碳贮量增量最大.与对照地土壤相比,表层0—20em土壤碳贮量增量高达5.84t·hm^-2,同时土壤深层(20~100cm)碳库增量(6.04t·hm^-2)与其相当.对照地的土壤碳库占生态系统碳库的比例为70.88%,而百喜草治理地的土壤碳库所占比例下降至55.28%,表明侵蚀地种植百喜草治理后生态系统碳库分配趋于合理.因此,从森林碳汇与可持续经营角度出发,种植百喜革治理侵蚀退化红壤是一项可行有效的措施.