简介:采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机高温压缩试验,研究5A01铝合金在应变速率为0.01~1s^-1、变形温度为350~450℃条件下的流变行为,并利用光学显微镜分析合金在不同压缩条件下的组织形貌特征。结果表明:应变速率和变形温度的变化强烈影响合金流变应力的大小,流变应力随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率提高而增大。采用双曲正弦形式ARRHENIUS的关系来描述5A01铝合金高温压缩变形时的流变应力行为,获得的材料常数A、a、11和Q分别为0.06831s^-1、0.0094MPa、2.7089和161.14kJ/mol;在应变速率为0.01s^-1叫及变形温度低于400℃条件下变形时,5A01铝合金组织为纤维组织,而当变形温度升高到450℃时,再结晶程度很高,出现大量等轴晶。
简介:有色金属的分类很多,大约有80多种,大致按其比重、价格、在地壳中的储量及分布情况和被人们发现与使用情况的早晚等分为五大类。(1)重有色金属;指比重大于4.5的有色金属。包括铜,镍,锢,铅,锌,锑,汞,镉和铋。(2)轻有色金属;指比重小于4.5的有色金属。包括铝,镁,钙、钾、锶和钡。(3)贵金属;指在地壳中含量少,开采和提取都比较困难,对氧和其它试剂稳定,价格比一般金属贵的有色金属。包括金、银。和铂族元素。一般比重都较大,熔点较高在916—3000度,有很好的化学稳定性、优良的抗氧化性及耐腐蚀性。(4)半金属;一般指硅、硒、碲、砷和硼五种元素。其物理化学性质介于金属和非金属之间。如砷是非金属,但它能传热和导电。
简介:Traditionally,austeniticstainlesssteels304and316havebeenemployedincoastalregionsasroofingmaterialsunfortunately,theyareexpensiveandnotfullyresistanttopittingcorrosionunderseverecoastalcorrosiveenvironment.AferriticstainlesssteelB445Rwasdeveloped.Comparedwithaustenitic316L,B445Ris①lesscostly;②uperiorcorrosionresistantwithminormaintenanceforlong-termservice;③insusceptibletothermaldistortionintheweldingseam.B445Rsheetshowsahigheryieldstrengthandlowertensilestrength,lowerelongationandlowerwork-hardeningthanaustenitic316L.Itcanbeeasilyfabricatedanddeformedjustlikeplaincarbonsteel.Afterbending180o,thereisnooccurrenceof'cracking'ornoticeable'orangepeel'.Theformabilityoftheweldingseamisalsosatisfactory.ThepittingpotentialofB445Ris650mV,largerthanthatof304and316L,asshowninFig.1.ThecorrosionrateofB445Rsubmergedin6%FeCl,solutionis0.3-0.56g/(m2?h-1),muchlowerthanthatof316L,asshowninFig.2.ThesuperiorpittingcorrosionresistanceofB445RcanbeascribedtosynergeticeffectofhigherCrandMo.Dull-finishedB445RsheetshavebeenemployedastheroofingmaterialsforGuangzhouAsianGamesArena,asshowninFig.3.About380tof1.0mmB445Rwithdullfinishwasusedforroofingpanels.About100tof0.8mmB445Rwithhairlineorfluororesinpaintfinishwasusedforsidewallpanels.Thecompositeroofbuild-up(fromuptobottom)includes:①shinglesofferriticstainlesssteelB445R;②Kalzip-typestandingseamofaustenitic304;③water-proofDFM;④structuralsteel;⑤75mmthickinsulation;⑥secondarypurlinof150mm×100mm×4.5mmofgalvaniziedQ235;⑦0.8mmthickprofiledeckofgalvaniziedQ235;⑧acousticinsulation.Theroofingshinglesorpanelswiththesamewidthbutdifferentlengthwereformedbybendingfoursidesandfixedtoa'L'shapereinforcingframesofstainlesssteelbyfasteners.The'L'frameswasconnectedtoribsofthestandingseambyacl