简介:WhenaccountingtheCO2emissionsresponsibilityoftheelectricitysectorattheprovinciallevelinChina,itisofgreatsignificancetoconsiderthescopeofbothproducers’andtheconsumers’responsibility,sincethiswillpromotefairnessindefiningemissionresponsibilityandenhancecooperationinemissionreductionamongprovinces.Thispaperproposesanewmethodforcalculatingcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelbasedonthesharedresponsibilityprincipleandtakingintoaccountinterregionalpowerexchange.Thismethodcannotonlybeusedtoaccounttheemissionresponsibilitysharedbyboththeelectricityproductionsideandtheconsumptionside,butitisalsoapplicableforcalculatingthecorrespondingemissionresponsibilityundertakenbythoseprovinceswithnetelectricityoutflowandinflow.ThismethodhasbeenusedtoaccountforthecarbonemissionsresponsibilitiesofthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelinChinasince2011.Theempiricalresultsindicatethatcomparedwiththeproduction-basedaccountingmethod,thecarbonemissionsofmajorpower-generationprovincesinChinacalculatedbythesharedresponsibilityaccountingmethodarereducedbyatleast10%,butthoseofotherpower-consumptionprovincesareincreasedby20%ormore.Secondly,basedontheprincipleofsharedresponsibilityaccounting,InnerMongoliahasthehighestcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorwhileHainanhasthelowest.Thirdly,fourprovinces,includingInnerMongolia,Shanxi,HubeiandAnhui,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflow-14milliontin2011,accountingfor74.42%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflowinChina.Sixprovinces,includingHebei,Beijing,Guangdong,Liaoning,Shandong,andJiangsu,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflow-11milliontin2011,accountingfor71.44%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflowinChina.Lastly,thispaperhasestimatedtheemissionfactorsofelectricity
简介:为解决吐哈油田温米采油厂水质处理不稳定、系统腐蚀严重等问题,对采油厂含油污水生化处理系统主要设备的运行状况和处理后污水回注性能进行评价。分析了生化处理系统处理后生化池空气中H2S含量超标的原因,即有大量SRB和硫化物进入调节池和生化池,曝气装置将H2S带入空气中造成空气中H2S超标。针对问题提出对策措施,并进行了现场应用,监测结果显示:调节池HzS浓度≤10mg/m3,生化池H2S浓度≤2mg/m3,符合GBZ2.1~2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素》的标准要求。有效提高了含油污水处理水质,消除了安全隐患。
简介:2013年6月2日14时27分许,中国石油天然气股份有限公司大连石化分公司(以下简称“大连石化公司”)第一联合车间三苯罐区小罐区939#杂料罐在动火作业过程中发生爆炸、泄漏物料着火,并引起937#、936#、935#三个储罐相继爆炸着火,造成4人死亡,直接经济损失697万元。
简介:纳米二氧化钛(nTiO2)在被人们广泛使用的同时,其潜在的环境影响也受到越来越多的关注。为深入探讨nTiO2与环境中现有污染物的相互作用及生物效应,以斜生栅藻(Scenedesmusobliquus)为受试生物,按照毒性单位法、相加指数法和混合毒性指数法,研究了nTiO2与双酚A(BPA,一种常见的环境类雌激素)的联合毒性效应。结果显示,nTiO2与BPA对S.obliquus生长的72h半抑制浓度(EC50)分别为28.7mg·L-1与1.81mg·L-1。而nTiO2与BPA共存时,在不同毒性比(4:1,3:1,2:1,1:1,1:2和1:3)下,其联合毒性作用(以BPA计)的72hEC50值分别为2.198,1.58,1.153,0.428,0.306和0.189mg·L-1。两者的联合毒性作用不仅仅是简单的相加,而是随着两者毒性比的变化,由拮抗作用转变为相加作用,继而转变为协同作用。这表明,nTiO2进入环境后与现有污染物的毒性比(浓度比)可能是其联合毒性作用模式的一个重要影响因素。