简介：瞄准：为了学习流行和风险因素，与人的免疫不全与三倍的感染联系了在一张城市的诊所人口的病毒(HIV)/hepatitisB(HBV)/hepatitisC病毒(HCV)。方法：5639个病人的回顾的图表评论在纽约城市里在圣卢凯斯鲁塞韦尔特医院HIV诊所(全面照顾的中心)列在后面，从1999年1月的美国到2007年5月。下列人口统计的特征被分析：年龄，性别，种族和HIV冒因素的风险。多重逻辑回归分析被执行在这些病毒的获得上评估人口统计的因素的影响。结果：HIV/HBV，HIV/HCV和HIV/HBV/HCV感染在252/5639(4.47%)被检测，1411/5639(25.02%)和89/5639(1.58%)病人分别地。HIV/HBV合作感染与男性被联系(或1.711；P=0.005)，黑色跑(或2.091；P<0.001)，人与\O性交人(MSM)(或1.747；P=0.001)，静脉内的药使用(IDU)(或0.114；P<0.001)，IDU和异性爱的活动(或0.247；P=0.018)，或未知(或1.984；P=0.004)。HIV/HCV合作感染与男性被联系(或1.241；P=0.011)，黑色跑(或0.788；P=0.036)，MSM(或0.565；P<0.001)，IDU(或8.956；P<0.001)，IDU和异性爱的活动(或9.106；P<0.001)，IDU和MSM(或9.179；P<0.001)，或输送(或3.224；P<0.001)。HIV/HBV/HCV合作感染与男性被联系(或2.156；P=0.015)，IDU(或6.345；P<0.001)，IDU和异性爱的活动(或9.731；P<0.001)，IDU和MSM(或9.228；P<0.001)，或未知(或4.219；P=0.007)。结论：我们的学习证明有HBV/HCV/HIV的合作感染显著地与IDU被联系。这些结果加亮需要加强教育和综合照顾的最佳的模型，特别地为有IDU的人口，到减少病毒的传播的风险。

简介：AbstractBackground:China and the United States (US) ranked first and third in terms of new liver cancer cases and deaths globally in 2020. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer with four major etiological factors between China and the US during the past 30 years with age-period-cohort (APC) analyses is warranted.Methods:Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, and period/cohort relative risks were estimated by APC modeling from 1990 to 2019.Results:In 2019, there were 211,000 new liver cancer cases in China and 28,000 in the US, accounting for 39.4% and 5.2% of global liver cancer cases, respectively. For China, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) consecutively decreased before 2005 but increased slightly since then, whereas the ASIR continuously increased in the US. Among the four etiological factors of liver cancer, the fastest reduction in incidence was observed in hepatitis B virus-related liver cancer among Chinese women, and the fastest increase was in nonalcoholic steatosis hepatitis (NASH)-related liver cancer among American men. The greatest reduction in the incidence of liver cancer was observed at the age of 53 years in Chinese men (-5.2%/year) and 33 years in Chinese women (-6.6%/year), while it peaked at 58 years old in both American men and women (4.5%/year vs. 2.8%/year). Furthermore, the period risks of alcohol- and NASH-related liver cancer among Chinese men have been elevated since 2013. Simultaneously, leveled-off period risks were observed in hepatitis C viral-related liver cancer in both American men and women.Conclusions:Currently, both viral and lifestyle factors have been and will continue to play an important role in the time trends of liver cancer in both countries. More tailored and efficient preventive strategies should be designed to target both viral and lifestyle factors to prevent and control liver cancer.

简介：摘要：本文从英语学科核心素养的四个维度，以一节初中英语阅读课为案例，通过导入、读前、读中和读后环节设计的分析，探讨了各项活动对于培养学生核心素养的意义。

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简介：Treeimprovementprogramsonloblollypine(Pinustaeda)inthesoutheasternUSAhasfocusedprimarilyonimprovinggrowth,form,anddiseasetolerance.However,duetotherecentreductionofdesignvaluesforvisuallygradedsouthernyellowpinelumber(includingloblollypine),attentionhasbeendrawntothematerialqualityofgeneticallyimprovedloblollypine.Inthisstudy,weusedthetime-of-flight(TOF)acoustictooltoassesstheeffectofgeneticfamiliesondiameter,slenderness,fiberlength,microfibrilangle(MFA),velocityanddynamicstiffnessestimatedusinggreendensity(DMOEG)andbasicdensity(DMOEB)of14-year-oldloblollypinestandsselectedfromtwosites.Allthe184and204treesoftheselectedeighthalf-sibgeneticfamiliesonsites1and2respectivelyweretestedusingTOFacoustictool,andtwo5mmcoresamplestakenatbreastheightlevel(1.3m)usedtofortheanatomicalandphysicalpropertiesanalysis.TheresultsindicatedasignificantpositivelinearrelationshipbetweendynamicMOEs(DMOEGandDMOEB)versustreediameter,slenderness,andfiberlengthwhiledynamicMOEsnegativelybutnonsignificantcorrelatedwithMFA.WhiletherewasnosignificantdifferenceinDMOEBbetweensites;velocity2forsite1wassignificantlyhigherthansite2butDMOEGwashigherforsite2thansite1.Again,themeanDMOEGandDMOEBreportedinthepresentstudypresentsasnapshotoftheexpectedstaticMOEforgreenand12%moistureconditionsrespectivelyforloblollypine.Furthermore,thereweresignificantdifferencesbetweenfamiliesformostofthetraitsmeasuredandthissuggeststhatforestmanagershavetheopportunitytoselectfamiliesthatexhibitthedesiredfibermorphologyforfinalproductperformance.Lastly,sincethedynamicMOEbasedongreendensity(DMOEG),basicdensity(DMOEB)andvelocity2presentdifferenceconclusions,practitionersofthistypeofacoustictechniqueshouldtakecarewhenextrapolatingresultsacrossthesites.

简介：ThisarticleverifiedthattheTustatementionedintheoracleinscriptionswastheXiapeopleaftertheXiaDynastyhadbeenconqueredbyTang,thefirstkingoftheShangDynastymc.a.16thcenturyB.C.ThestateofXia,whichoriginatedfromYu,wasentitled"XiaHou";itskingwashencecalled"XiaHouDi"(EmperorofXiaHou),e.g."XiaHouDiQi".TheXiapeople,togetherwiththeYin(Shang)people,andtheZhoupeople,weretheso-called"peopleofSanDai"(ThreeDynasties).Asmentionedin"Lunyu,Bayi",theyfoundedthestates,withtheXiapeoplebeingassociatedwiththepine,theYinpeoplewiththecypress,andtheZhoupeoplewiththechestnut.

简介：Ba1.0Co0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ(BCFN)oxidewithperovskitecubicstructurewassynthesizedbysolidstatereactionmethod.CO2corrosionofBCFNmembranewasinvestigatedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),diffusereflectanceinfraredFouriertransformedspectroscopy(DRIFT)andX-rayabsorptionfinestructurespectroscopy(XAFS).Cobalt(Co)K-edgeabsorptionspectraofBCFNannealedinCO2revealthattheoxidationstatesofCoinallthesampleswerelargerthan+3andtheydecreasedwiththeincreaseofcalcinationtime.At800℃,1%CO2introducedintoHecouldspeedupthereductionofCocationsincomparisonwithpureHe.Inaddition,sulfateionsinthebulkofBCFNmembranepreferredtomigratetothesurfaceunderCO2calcinationandformmonoclinicBa(CO3)0.9(SO4)0.1besidesorthorhombicwitherite.Moreover,SEMresultsindicatethatthenucleationandgrowthofcarbonatesgrainsstartedatthegrainboundaryofthemembrane.