简介:结合低温纯培养手段、核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析技术和克隆测序,研究了若尔盖高原泥炭沼泽土中可培养菌的多样性、系统发育和产低温酶特性。从3块采样地的土样中分离到47株表型各不相同的菌株。16SrRNA测序和系统发育分析结果表明,若尔盖高原泥炭沼泽土的可培养低温菌高度相似于分离自极地、高山冻土和冰川等低温环境的嗜冷菌。47株菌分属于4个不同的群,包括高GC含量群、低GC含量群、Beta和Gama变形菌纲等。革兰氏阳性菌以节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)为主,而革兰氏阴性菌以假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)为主。其他的细菌分属于微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、芽孢八叠球菌属(Sporosarcina)、贪噬菌属(Variovorax)、紫色杆菌属(Janthinobacterium)和寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)等不同的类群。产低温酶分析结果表明,在分离到的47株菌中,大多数菌株都能分泌纤维素降解酶,50%以上的菌株具有蛋白酶活性,而以节杆菌的胞外酶产生能力最强。若尔盖高原泥炭沼泽土中存在丰富的低温菌类群,在酶学生物技术上具有潜在应用价值。
简介:Tamarixnabkhaisoneofthemostwidespreadnabkhas,distributinginthearidregionofChina.Basedontheobservationsoutdoorsandthesimulationexperimentsinlaboratories,analysisinthispaperreferstothebiologicalgeomorphologicfeaturesandgrowthprocessofTamarixnabkhasinthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheHotanRiver,Xin-jiang.AndtheresultsindicatethattheecologicaltypeofTamarixinthestudyareaisakindofTugaicsoilhabitatbasedonthedeepsoilofthePopulusDiversifoliaforestsandshrubs.Thistypeofhabitatcanbedividedintothreekindsofsub-habitatswhichdemonstratethefeaturesofecologicalenvironmentofTamarixnabkhasduringthedifferentialdevelopedphases.Meanwhile,theTamarixnabkhacanexertintensifieddisturbancecurrentonwind-sandflowontheground,anditsrootandstemsnotonlyhavestrongpotentialofsproutingbutarecharacteristicofwinderosion-tolerance,resistancetobeburiedbysandandrespectivelytoughrigidofthelignifiedbranches,forithasaratherlongerlife-time.Thus,thewindspeedprofileinfluencedbytheTamarixnabkhaisdifferentfromthePhragmitesnabkhaandAlhaginabkha.Andthestructureofthewindflowisbeneficialtoaeoliansandaccumulatingin/aroundTamarixshrub,whichcancreateuniqueTamarixnabkhaswithhigheraveragegradientandlongerperiodicityoflife.Tamarixnabkhaevolutionintheareaexperiencedthreestages:growthstage,matureandsteadystageandwitheringstage.Ineachstage,morpho-logicalfeaturesandgeomorphicprocessofTamarixnabkhaaredifferentduetothediscrepantinteractionbetweenthenabkhaandaeoliansandflow.
简介:Thegoalofthisstudyistoprovideinformationontheprocessofpotholegrowthonagorgestreambed.PotholegeometriesweremeasuredinareachoftheDaburiverbedattheheadofagorgemorethan200mdeeplyincisingintoa650-750mhighplanationsurfaceformedinthemiddleMioceneinnorthernGuangdong,China.Geometricandderivativedataofthepotholesobtainedfromfieldworkwereinterpretedusingstandardstatisticalmethodologies.Ourstudyshowsthattheformationanddevelopmentofastreampotholewereonlyrelatedtolocalconditionsofastreamreachwherethepotholeoccurs;theweaknesses,whichareusuallyintersectfractures,typicallyinterconnectedverticaljoints,ortriangularpitsgeneratedbyhittingofrockfragmentsduringfloods,initiatethepotholedevelopmentonastreambed;thegeometricaldimensionsofthepotholesarecontrolledbytectonicjointsdevelopedinbedrockofthestreamreach;theradiusandthedepthofpotholesarestrongly(log)positivecorrelated;thepotholeshapesandtheflowpatternsareinconstantduringpotholegrowth;apotholecanbeformedwithinashortperiod,butcannotbefullydevelopedandmaintainedforalongtimeinastrongincisionstreambed.ThefindinginourstudycanimprovetheunderstandingofQuaternaryenvironmentinGuangdong.
简介:研究了纳帕海高原湿地不同利用方式对土壤质量的影响,结果表明,天然沼泽和浅水沼泽草甸,排水疏干后用于放牧的草甸、垦后湿地相比,土壤有机质分别减少了4.33%、7.32%和5.64%,全氮分别减少了0.1%、0.33%和0.16%,除垦后湿地速效钾和速效磷含量较高外,速效养分呈现和有机质、全氮一样的变化趋势,均随人为活动干扰加剧而不断下降,土壤酶活性中蛋白酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活性与土壤有机质等肥力因子存在显著相关性.垦后湿地土壤养分含量和酶活性较高,土壤质量改善,这与人为大量施用有机肥和周围山上水土流失带下土壤养分汇集有关,但其湿地环境已完全转化为旱生环境,湿地功能丧失.综合土壤性质10项指标计算的土壤退化指数表明,与天然沼泽比较,沼泽草甸和草甸湿地均出现退化现象,垦后湿地环境完全改变,应及时进行保护和恢复,退耕还湿.
简介:黑碳(Blackcarbon,BC)是土壤惰性碳库的重要组成部分,在土壤碳循环中发挥着关键作用,而黑氮(Blacknitrogen,BN)同样对碳封存具有重要作用。本研究以15年生杉木人工林为对象,采用化学氧化法研究2种采伐剩余物管理方式(炼山和保留采伐剩余物)对杉木人工林表层土壤(0~10cm)BC和BN含量及储量的影响。结果表明,5次采样年份,炼山和保留采伐剩余物的BC平均含量分别为2.99~3.70g/kg和3.52~4.36g/kg,储量分别为3.24t/hm^2和3.87t/hm^2;炼山和保留采伐剩余物的BN平均含量均为0.12g/kg,储量分别为0.12t/hm2和0.11t/hm^2。方差分析表明,2种采伐剩余物管理方式下的土壤BC和BN含量以及储量年际差异均不显著(P〉0.05)。由此可见,采伐剩余物管理方式对杉木人工林土壤BC和BN的长期效应并不显著。