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69 个结果
  • 简介:目的:比较原发性开角型青光眼和高眼压患者及拥有健康眼球表面的正常人群的泪膜功能和印象细胞检查的数值。方法:此前瞻性研究中纳入了原发性开角型青光眼患者11例11眼(平均年龄:62.7±6.1岁),高眼压患者12例12眼(平均年龄:62.8±6.4岁)及健康人12例12眼(平均年龄:62.9±6.03岁)。这些患者均是最近被诊断出患有原发性开角型青光眼及高眼压,且之前未接受过抗青光眼方面的治疗。均行结膜印迹细胞检查、泪膜破裂时间和基础泪液分泌试验。每组印迹细胞检查的样本根据Nelson分级法分为0-3级。应用Kruskal-Wallis检验和Dunn多重比较检验进行统计分析。结果:原发性开角型青光眼患者,高眼压患者及正常人群平均基础泪液分泌值分别为10.4±1.3,10.9±1.2和11.1±1.1mm/5min,其差距没有统计意义(P=0.33);三组的泪膜破裂时间分别为11.2±1.1,11.3±1.1和11.8±1.2s,其差距没有统计意义(P=0.35)。原发性开角型青光眼患者中6眼(54.5%)为0级,5眼(45.5%)为1级。高眼压患者中6眼(50%)为0级,6眼(50%)为1级,健康人中6眼(50%)为0级,6只眼(50%)为1级(P=0.97)。结论:氧化应激可能会导致青光眼,眼表疾病,泪腺功能障碍及机体杯状细胞所分泌的黏液减少。原发性开角型青光眼患者,高眼压症患者及健康人群间的印象细胞检查数值并无显著差异。

  • 标签: 结膜印迹细胞学 原发性开角型青光眼 高眼压
  • 简介:目的了解上海市普陀区4-7岁儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的患病率及相关危险因素,探讨问卷调查在筛选疑似病例中的价值。方法以班级为单位采取整群抽样的方法从上海市普陀区幼儿园及小学一年级中抽取4-7岁学生6000例,由学生家长填写问卷,再从中随机抽取无打鼾或轻微打鼾者10例,有频繁打鼾症状的儿童42例,行多导睡眠监测。结果实际调查人数5040(应答率为84.0%),有效问卷4045份(有效率为80.23%),按睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥5次/h、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)≤0.94为标准,根据多导睡眠监测结果,估算上海市4-7岁儿童OSAHS的患病率为3.91%。AHI与腺样体肥大相关性较强(偏相关系数为0.373);将问卷中打鼾、憋气、反复翻身、夜尿发生率等选项分配一个0-4分的数值,调查问卷得分与AHI呈正相关(r=0.518)。问卷中打鼾、张口呼吸选项的敏感度较高(95%、87%),特异性一般(67%、79%);憋气、憋醒选项敏感度一般(66%、29%),特异度较高(93%、100%);夜尿及反复翻身选项无统计意义(P〉0.05)。结论上海市普陀区4-7岁儿童OSAHS的患病率估计为3.91%,腺样体肥大为患病主要原因;设计合理的调查问卷可用于初步筛选儿童OSAHS疑似病例,对早期诊断和治疗具有重要参考价值。

  • 标签: 睡眠呼吸暂停低通气 阻塞性 流行病学 儿童
  • 简介:马凡氏综合症是一种常染色体不完全外显性遗传病,临床表现多样,主要涉及心血管、骨骼和眼等系统,病死率高。对发病患者应加强健康教育、风险管理,积极治疗护理,给予心理支持。患者生育正常儿和患儿的几率各为50%,这就意味着提高正常儿出生率是医务人员为之奋斗的目标,也是马凡氏综合症患者的福音,所以,加强遗传、优生优育教育将成为马凡氏综合症健康教育的新动向。

  • 标签: 马凡氏综合症 健康教育 遗传 优生优育
  • 简介:目的比较急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)的患侧与对侧眼视网膜频域相干光断层扫描(OCT)的图像特征。方法应用频域OCT对30例(60眼)单眼发病急性CSC患者患侧和对侧眼的黄斑部视网膜显微结构进行检测,比较患侧组与对侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度、光感受器层(IS/OS层)、视网膜色素上皮(RPE)形态差异。结果所有30例患者患侧眼均有不同程度黄斑部视网膜浆液性脱离,对侧眼中有4眼(13.3%)存在轻度视网膜浆液性脱离;患侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度均值为(95.32±24.87)μm,对侧组为(98.80±14.36)μm,两组差异无统计意义(t=1.627,P=0.110)。患侧组中IS/OS层厚度均匀一致者12眼(40.0%),对侧组20眼(66.7%);患侧组IS/OS层厚度均匀一致伴内外节缺损、不均、凸起增厚者共18眼(60.O%),对侧组共10眼(33.3%),差异有统计意义(X2=4.28,P=0.038)。患侧组中出现RPE异常者有24眼(80.0%),对侧组中有8眼(26.7%),差异有统计意义(x。=17.143,P=0.000)。结论频域OCT能清晰显示急性CSC患者的细微病理结构改变,单眼发病CSC患者中一部分对侧眼存在IS/OS层和RPE异常,但是其发生率较患侧眼低。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2013,13:165—167)

  • 标签: 相干光断层扫描 脉络膜视网膜病变 急性 浆液性 对侧眼
  • 简介:AIM:Tocharacterizetheclinicalfeatures,diagnosis,treatmentandprognosisofuveitisassociatedwithankylosingspondylitis(AS)inChinesepatients.·METHODS:TwohundredandthreepatientswithuveitisassociatedwithASfollowed-upintheThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversityDapingHospitalbetween2005and2010wereretrospectivelyevaluatedinthisstudy.Completeophthalmologicalexaminationswereevaluatedatbaselineandduringthefollow-upperiod.Thegender,age,follow-uptime,meanfrequencyofuveitisonset,andaccompanyingeyeexaminationfindings,history,demographicalparameterswerereviewed.Allthepatientspresentedcompleteclinicalandradiologic(sacroiliac,lumbar,dorsalandcervicalspine,knee,ankle,shoulder,hip,elbow)evaluation.HLA-B27typingwasalsosearched.·RESULTS:Therewere203patientsdiagnosedwithASassociateduveitis.AllshowedsacroiliacX-raychangesindicativeofAS.Therewere184maleand19femalepatients.Theaverageageofpatientswas35±12(range18-50).Meanfollow-upperiodwas2.4years(1-5years).Acuteanterioruveitiswasthemostcommontypeofuveitisinbothgenders.121eyespresentedunilateralinvolvement(55.2%),and92eyespresentedbilateralinvolvement(45.3%)withonsetalternately.22eyesoccurredhypopyon,16eyeswerefoundanteriorvitreouscells,7eyeswerenotedreactivemacularedemaorexudation,29eyespresentedposteriorsynechiaeofiris,and14eyespresentedcataract,9eyespresentedsecondaryglaucoma,2eyespresentedbendcornealdegenerationand1eyespresentedatrophyofeyeball.Atthefinalvisit,uveitiswaswellcontrolledinmostpatients.·CONCLUSION:ASassociatedwithuveitisinChinesepatientsmainlymanifestsasacuteanterioruveitis.AcombinationofcorticosteroidswithothermydriasisagentsiseffectiveformostASassociatedwithuveitispatients.Ingeneral,theprognosisisgoodinthesecases.

  • 标签: HLA-B27 ANTERIOR UVEITIS acute ANTERIOR UVEITIS
  • 简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethetreatmentstatusandprognosisofspace-occupyinglacrimalglandlesionsatonetertiaryeyecenterinChina.·METHODS:Aretrospectiveclinicalstudywasperformedon95patientswithspace-occupyinglesionsofthelacrimalglandsurgicallytreatedattheEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversityfrom2003to2007.Thereviewedclinicaldataincludedage,gender,sideofthelesion,durationofsignsandsymptoms,histopathologicaldiagnosis,treatmentmodality,recurrence(local,regional,anddistantmetastasis)andsurvival.·RESULTS:Ofthe95cases(99eyes),pleomorphicadenomaswerethemostcommonlesions(43cases),followedbylymphoiddisorders(14),inflammatorypseudotumors(11),carcinomaex-pleomorphicadenomas(11),andadenoidcysticcarcinomas(ACC,6).Therewere8patientswithrelapsedpleomorphicadenomas.Fiveofthese8caseshadmalignantpathologicalchanges.AllpatientswithACChadmetastasisandthreeofthemdiedduringtheirfollow-up.·CONCLUSION:Ourstudyindicatedthatthemostcommonlacrimalglandlesionswerepleomorphicadenomas.Multiplerecurrenceandsurgicalproceduresmayincreasetheriskoftumorprogression.ACChadahighincidenceoftumormetastasisandapoorprognosis.

  • 标签: LACRIMAL GLAND lesions PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMAS ADENOID
  • 简介:AIM:ToidentifythegeneticdefectinaChinesefamilywithbilateralprogressivechildhoodposteriorcataract.METHODS:Atwo-generationfamilywasrecruitedinthisstudy.Familyhistoryandclinicaldatawererecorded.AllreportedcandidategenesassociatedwithcongenitalposteriorcataractwerescreenedbydirectDNAsequencing.·RESULTS:Allaffectedindividualspresentedposterioropacitiesinthelens.Directsequencingofthecandidategenesshowedaheterozygousc.2668C>TvariationinEPHA2gene,whichresultedinthereplacementofargininebycysteineatcodon890(p.R890C).Thismutationwasfoundintwoaffectedindividuals,butwasnotobservedin200normalcontrols.·CONCLUSION:Wereportanovelmutation(p.R890C)intheEPHA2receptortyrosinekinasegene.ThefindingexpandsthemutationspectrumofEPHA2inassociationwithposteriorcataract.

  • 标签: EPHA2 gene MUTATION POSTERIOR CATARACT