简介：ＲＥＳＩＤＵＡＬＳＴＲＡＩＮＩＮＣＡＮＩＮＥＡＲＴＥＲＩＥＳＭｉｎＨｕａｎｇ；ＨａｉｃｈａｏＨａｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ，．Ｘｉ＇ａｎＪｉａｏｔｏｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｘｉ＇ａｎ７１００４９Ｃｈｉｎａ）...

简介：Anovelapproachhasbeendevelopedtodeterminetheamountofresidualwaterinhumanerythrocyteatroomtemperaturebyelectronicparticlecounter.Naclsolutionsof13osmolalitieswerepreparedandtheequilibriumcellvolumesinwhichweremeasuredonebyone.Theisotonicvolume,Vo,wasobtainedundertheisotoniccondition.ThemeanRBCvolumesof5donorsateachosmolalitywerefittedaccordingtoBoylevan'tHoffrelationship,andtheosmoticallyinactivevolume,Vb,oferythrocytewasthendetermined.TheresultsshowthatVb＝50%Vo.Moreimportantly,thefinalcellvolumewithregardtothesolutionofthehighestconcentrationfoundtobekeptatabout0.5V0.Thedifferencebetweenthesetwovolumesisunconspicuous.Accordingtothepublisheddatathatnon-watervolumeofhumanerythrocyteisabout28.3%ofitsisotonicvolume,residualwaterofhumanerythrocytecanbegainedbysubtractingVdryfromVf,thatisVrw----21.7%VoThenitwasconcludedthattheresidualwaterofhumanlaysin2states,oneisboundwater,andtheotherisfreewater.

简介：Residualstressinducedduringmanufacturingofinjectionmoldedcomponentssuchaspolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)affectsthemechanicalandopticalpropertiesofthesecomponents.Theseresidualstressescanbevisualizedandquantifiedbymeasuringtheirbirefringence.Inthispaper,alowbirefringencepolariscope(LBP)isusedtomeasurethewhole-fieldresidualstressdistributionoftheseinjectionmoldedspecimens.Detailedanalyticalandexperimentalstudyisconductedtoquantifytheresidualstressmeasurementinthesematerials.Acommercialbirefringencemeasurementsystemwasusedtovalidatetheresultsobtainedtoourmeasurementsystem.Thisstudycanhelpinmaterialdiagnosisforqualityandmanufacturingpurposeandbeusefulforunderstandingofresidualstressinimagingorotherapplications.

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简介：WiththemodifiedAlmenmethod,theforminganddevelopmentprocessofresidualstressinathermalsprayedcoatinghasbeenobtained.Thetestresultsidentifythattheresidualstressinacoatingisdependoncoatingmaterialproperties,techniqueandcoatingthickness.Thepaperpaysmuchattentiontothehysteresisbetweenthecoatingtemperatureandresidualstressinthecoatingorbetweentheappliedstressandthestrainofthecoating,andconfirmsthatthefactisresultedfromthe"GasFix"characterofathermalsprayedcoating.

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简介：ＮｏｎｄｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅｔｅｓｔｏｆｗｅｌｄｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌｓｔｒｅｓｓｅｓｂｙａｃｏｕｓｔｏｅｌａｓｔｉｃｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅＪｉａｏＦｕｊｉｅ；ＺｈａｎｇＷｅｎｊｕｎａｎｄＹｕａｎＺｈｉｋａｎｇ（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＥｎｇｉ...

简介：-Thispaperadoptsapproximateformulasforresidualstressescausedbycoldbendingforplateswithstress-straincurveforma=Kn.Atypicaldistributionofthelongitudinalresidualstressduetoweldingisalsoassumed.Theeffectsofresidualstressduetocoldbendingandweldingonplasticbucklingofaxiallycompressedcylindricalshellsarestudiedbythefiniteelementmethod.

简介：Fourcategoriesofglobularproteins,includingall-α,all-β,α+β,andα/βtypes,aresimplifiedastheoff-latticeHNPmodelinvolvingthesecondary-structuralinformationofeachprotein.Thepropensityofthreetypesofresidues,i.e.,H,N,andPtoformasecondarystructureisinvestigatedbasedon146proteinsamples.WefindthatPresiduesareeasytoformα-helices,whereasHresidueshaveahighertendencytoconstructβ-sheets.ThestatisticalanalysisalsoindicatesthattheoccurrenceofPresiduesisinvariablyhigherthanthatofHresidues,whichisindependentofproteincategory.Changesinbond-andnon-bondedpotentialenergiesofallproteinsamplesunderawidetemperaturerangearepresentedbycoarse-grainedmoleculardynamics(MD)simulation.Thesimulationresultsclearlyshowalinearrelationshipbetweenthebond-stretching/bendingpotentialenergyandthereducedtemperature.Thebond-torsionalandnon-bondedpotentialenergiesshowdistincttransitionswithtemperature.Thebond-torsionalenergyincreasestothemaximumandthendecreaseswiththeincreaseoftemperature,whichisoppositetothechangeinnon-bondedpotentialenergy.Thetransitiontemperatureofnon-bondedpotentialenergyisindependentoftheproteincategory,whilethatofbond-torsionalenergyiscloselyrelatedtotheproteinsecondarystructure,i.e.,α-helixorβ-sheet.Thequantitativelybonded-andsemiquantitativelynon-bondedpotentialenergyof24α+βand23α/βproteinsamplesaresuccessfullypredictedaccordingtothestatisticalresultsobtainedfromMDsimulations.

简介：Aresidual-stressprofilealongthethicknessofanaluminumalloysheetisdeterminedbylaser-ultrasonictechnique.SurfaceacousticwavesaregeneratedbyaNd:YAGpulselaseranddetectedbyaHeterodyneinterferometeronalateralfreesurfaceofthesheet.Thedistributionofresidualstressisdeterminedbymeasuringtherelativevariationofthewavevelocitiesatdifferentlocationofthesamplealongitsthickness.Thistechniqueisvalidatedbythreedifferentresidualstressprofilesobtainedexperimentally.

简介：剩余紧张和损坏由Si培植导致了在轧了样品被学习了，以及电子特征。这些成长得当的样品与Si的不同剂量被植入(1

简介：Background：Thesteady-stateincreaseinmuscleforcegeneratingpotentialfollowingalengtheningcontractioniscalledresidualforceenhancement（RFE）.Inthisstudy,weaimedtotestfordifferencesintorque,electromyographicactivity（EMG）,andtheassociatedneuromuscularefficiency（NME）betweenisometricvoluntarycontractionsofelbowflexorsprecededandnotprecededbyalengtheningcontraction.Thedependenceofsuchdifferenceson（i）stretchamplitude,（ii）theregionoftheforce-length（FxL）relationshipwherecontractionoccurs,and（iii）theindividual＇sabilitytoproduce（negative）workduringthestretchwasinvestigated.Methods：Sixteenhealthyadultsparticipatedinthestudy.Elbowflexortorque,angle,andbicepsbrachiiEMGforpurelyisometriccontractions（referencecontractions）andforisometriccontractionsprecededbyactivestretchesof20°and40°weremeasuredattheascending,plateau,anddescendingregionsofsubject-specificFxLcurves.Allcontractionswereperformedinanisokineticdynamometer.Two-factor（stretch×FxLregion）repeatedmeasuresanalysisofvarianceANOVAswasusedtoanalyzetheeffectofactivestretchonEMG,torque,andNMEacrossconditions.Therelationshipsbetweenmechanicalworkduringstretch-calculatedasthetorque-angulardisplacementintegral-andthechangesinEMG,torque,andNMEwereanalyzedusingPearsoncorrelation.Results：Ingeneral,torque,EMG,andNMEfollowingactivestretchesdifferedfromthevaluesobservedforthepurelyisometricreferencecontractions.WhilealthoughthedetailedeffectsofactivestretchontorqueandEMGdifferedbetweenregionsoftheFxLrelationship,NMEincreasedbyabout19%forallmusclelengths.Upto30%oftheinterindividualvariabilityintorquegeneratingpotentialchangeinresponsetoactivestretchingwasaccountedforbydifferencesin（negative）workcapacitybetweensubjects.Conclusion：Ourresultssuggestthat（i）RFEcontributesto＂flatten＂theelbowflexortorque-anglerela

简介：线加热过程作为许多因素是很复杂的现象影响剩余变丑的数量。线为剩余变丑的预言加热的数字热、机械的分析是耗时的。在现在的工作，维的分析被介绍了在加热过程的线期间获得在输入参数和产生剩余变丑之间的一种新关系。为6公里，8公里，10公里和12公里的温度分发和剩余变丑厚钢盘子数字地被估计并且与试验性、出版的结果相比。通过一个验证FE模型产生的广泛的数据被用来由多重回归分析发现在输入参数和产生剩余变丑之间的合作关系。从变丑方程获得的结果在在100的顺序在计算时间与落下FE分析与那些作比较很好的这个工作发展了(为FE分析要求的计算时间在到9000秒的7200秒附近并且时间在哪儿为得到剩余要求了由发达方程的变丑仅仅是60～90秒)。关键词维的分析-3-D有限元素分析-elasto塑料的分析-剩余变丑-多重回归分析-氧乙决的煤气的火焰PankajBiswas在1979出生了。他是IITKharagpur的一个研究伙伴，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括焊接并且装运生产，衬里加热、结构的分析，等等。NisithRanjanMandal在1954出生了。他是IITKharagpur的一个教授，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括轮船生产，轮船设计，加热的线，大使硬的结构的焊接失真和焊接技术，等等。OmPrakashSha出生了1958。他是IITKharagpur的一个教授，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括海洋的设计和生产，加热的线，CAD/凸轮，等等。

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简介：因为为回归功能的有效推理要求heteroscedasticity应该被考虑，在回归分析检测heteroscedasticity的重要性广泛地被认出。在这篇论文，为heteroscedasticity的简单测试基于剩余分析在非参量的回归被建议。而且，有有Dette和Munk的比较的一些模拟是方法被进行评估建议测试的表演。结果证明在这篇论文的方法相当令人满意地表现并且在一些情况中是比Dette和Munk的方法更强大的。

简介：Afundamentaltheoryfortheanalysisofresidualweldingstressesanddeformationbasedontheinherentstraindistributionalongtheweldedjointisintroduced.Distributionofinherentstrainsandlongitudinalresidualstressesinmediumthicknessplateweldmentiscalculatedandanalyzed.Anewmethodofcalculatinginherentstrainsandlongitudinalresidualstressesisproposed.

简介：HfO2榆树被电子横梁蒸发在BK7玻璃底层上扔。在剩余压力和HfO2电影的结构上在100度C和400度C之间退火的影响被学习。系列，剩余压力和结构的小差别在在更低的温度退火以后被获得，这被发现。在在更高的温度退火以后，系列变到短波长，有增加退火的剩余压力增加温度。同时，雏晶尺寸增加，interplanardistance减少。光系列和剩余应力的变化对应于退火导致的结构的进化。

简介：Thereisadearthofinformationaboutthedistributionoftraceelementsinkerogenfromshalerocksdespiteseveralreportsontraceelementcompositioninmanyshalesamples.Inthisstudy,traceelementsinshalerocksandtheirresidualkerogensweredeterminedbyinductivelycoupledplasma–massspectrometry.Theresultsfromthisstudyshowredox-sensitiveelementsrelativelyconcentratedinthekerogensascomparedtotheshales.Thismaybeprimarilyduetotheadsorptionandcomplexationabilityofkerogen,whichenablesenrichmentinNi,Co,Cu,andZn.Fortherareearthelements(REEs),distinctdistributioncharacteristicswereobservedforshalesdominatedbyterrigenousmineralsandtheirkerogencounterparts.However,shaleswithlessinputofterrigenousmineralsshowedsimilarREEdistributionpatternstotheirresidualkerogen.ItisspeculatedthatthedistributionpatternsoftheREEsinshalesandkerogensmaybesourcerelated.

简介：有限元素模拟在铝合金被利用在焊接状况的交流钨惰性的气体(AC-TIG)下面的2014焊接靶子的凸缘。模仿的结果在对为用实际焊接参数的板测试的剩余压力的好同意。而且，剩余应力的特征能在几个方面详细被调查，例如焊接结构，焊接序列，时间间隔，预热，并且修理焊接。断断续续的焊接可能对实际应用更方便、有益减少压力，并且焊接的本地修理可以显然在修理区域以内引起更多的应力。

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