简介：Echocardiographyisthemostfrequentlyusedimagingmodalitytodeterminecardiacfunction.Leftventricularejectionfractionthemostwidelyusedparameterforevaluationofsystolicfunction,providesimportantprognosticvalueinclinicalpractice,andformspartoftheevidencebaseformanydecisionsaboutcardiovascularcare.However,ejectionfractionhasseveralsubstantiallimitationsandisinsensitivetosubtlechangesinsystolicfunction.Theassessmentofmyocardialdeformationwithechocardiographyhasbeenstudiedfortwodecades,andisincreasinglyusedintheclinicalsetting.Thistechniquecanpreciselycharacterizethemechanicsofmyocardialcontractionandrelaxation.Themostcommonlyusedparameterisgloballongitudinalstrain,whichismoresensitivethanejectionfractionforthemeasurementofsystolicfunction.Thisreviewfocusesontheprognosticvalueofgloballongitudinalstraininpredictingadverseoutcomesincardiovasculardisease.

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简介：Themultifractalformalismforsinglemeasureisreviewed.Next,amixedgeneralizedmultifractalformalismisintroducedwhichextendsthemultifractalformalismofasinglemeasurebasedongeneralizationsoftheHausdorffandpackingmeasurestoavectorofsimultaneouslymanymeasures.Borel-CantelliandLargedeviationsTheoremsareextendedtohigherordersandthusappliedforthevalidityofthenewvariantofthemultifractalformalismforsomespecialcasesofmulti-doublingtypemeasures.

简介：Thispaperstudiesthecontrollabilityandobservabilitymeasuresofstructuralvi?brationandacousticradiationandproposesameasureofmodalobservabilitybasedonacousticpressureoutputsandmeasuresofcontrollabilityandobservabilityofacousticradiationbycombiningthemeasuresofmodalcontrollabilityandobservabilityofvibrationmodeswithcorrespondingmodalacousticradiationefficiencies.Aplatewithcontrolforceinputsandvibrationalresponseoutputsandacousticpressureoutputsisinvolvedtoshowthemodalcontrollabilityandobservabilitymeasuresofvibrationmodesandmeasuresofcontrollabilityandobservabil?ityofstructuralvibrationandacousticradiation.Observabilitymeasuresbasedonvibrationalresponseoutputsandacousticpressureoutputsarecomparedandtheemphasisisonthemea?suresbasedontheacousticpressureoutputs.Finallytheapplicationandusefulnessofthecontrollabilityandobservabilitymeasurestoactivecontrolofstructuralvibrationandacous?ticradiationareillustratedandcompared.Itshowsthatthecontrollabilityandobservabilitymeasuresprovideusefulguidanceforactivecontroldesignespeciallyinoptimalactuatorandsensorplacement.

简介：Objective:Thepaperdiscussesrecentevidenceontheassessmentoflanguageoutcomesinchildrenwithhearinglossacquiringorallanguage.Methods:Researchemphasizesthatlanguagetestsmustbespecificenoughtocapturesubtledeficitsinvocabularyandgrammarlearningatdifferentdevelopmentalages.TheDiagnosticReceptiveandExpressiveAssessmentofMandarin(DREAM)wascarefullydesignedtobeacomprehensivestandardizedMandarinassessmentnormedinMainlandChina.Objective:Thepaperdiscussesrecentevidenceontheassessmentoflanguageoutcomesinchildrenwithhearinglossacquiringorallanguage.Methods:Researchemphasizesthatlanguagetestsmustbespecificenoughtocapturesubtledeficitsinvocabularyandgrammarlearningatdifferentdevelopmentalages.TheDiagnosticReceptiveandExpressiveAssessmentofMandarin(DREAM)wascarefullydesignedtobeacomprehensivestandardizedMandarinassessmentnormedinMainlandChina.Results:Thispapersummarizestheevidence-baseditemdesignprocessandvalidityandreliabilityresultsofDREAM.ApilotstudyreportedhereshowsthatDREAMprovideddetailedinformationabouthearingimpairedchildren’slanguageabilitiesandcanbeusedtoaidinterventionplanningtomaximizeprogress.Conclusion:DREAMrepresentsanexampleoftranslationalscience,transferringmethodsfromempiricalstudiesoflanguageacquisitioninresearchenvironmentsintoapplieddomainssuchasassessmentandintervention.ResearchonoutcomesinChinawilladvancesignificantlywiththeavailabilityofevidence-basedcomprehensivelanguageteststhatmeasureasufficientagerangeofskills,arenormedonMandarinspeakingchildreninmainlandChina,andaredesignedtocapturefeaturescentraltoMandarinlanguageacquisition.

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