简介：Coherentdiffractionimaging(CDI)andptychographytechniquesbypassthedifficultyofhavinghigh-qualityopticsinX-raymicroscopybyusinganumericalreconstructionoftheimagethatisobtainedbyinvertingthediffractedintensityrecordedbyacharge-coupleddevicearray.However,thereconstructionoftheimagefromtheintensitydataobtainedfromaweaklydiffractingspecimenisknowntobedifficultbecauseoftheobviousreductioninsignal-to-noiseratio(SNR).Inthiscase,thespecimenonlyslightlymodifiestheprobediffractionpattern,resultingindifficultyintheidentificationofthedetailedstructureofthespecimenfromthereconstructedimagebecauseofthepoorcontrastandsharpnessoftheimage.Toaddressthissituation,amodificationintheimageretrievalalgorithmsusedintheiterativereconstructionoftheimageissuggested.Thismodificationshoulddoublethepresenceofhighspatialfrequenciesinthediffractionpatterntoenhancethecontrastandedgedetectioninexistingimagingtechniques.

简介：Inthisarticle,twoterahertztransmissionimagingsystemsarebuiltwitha2.52THzcontinuouswavelaserandtwotypesofsensors.Oneisarrayscanningsystemusinga124124pyro-electricarraycameraasthedetector;theotherisapoint-wisescanningsystemutilizingaGolaycellasthedetector.Theimagingspeedandqualityisbrieflyanalyzed.Terahertz(THz)imagingresultsdemonstratethatthearrayscanningsystemhashigherimagingspeedwithlowerresolution.Thepoint-wisescanningsystemhashigherimagingqualitywithlowerspeed.

简介：地震成像质量对描述水库批评。有许多方法，能改进成像质量；一些依靠处理工具推进，而其它依靠改变地获得方法。然而，大多数获得方法集中于由没有认为目标层照明是精力，使用填入射击改进成像。而且，极大地射击的全部的填入增加获得费用。在这份报纸，我们在场为由自动本地填入最大化贡献到目标阴影区域照明射击的一个新方法。因此，我们设计了2D和3D模型并且由向前当模特儿获得了深度迁居节，填入射击，深度移植，等等。模型结果也证明由选择射击的点的最适当的数字，我们能提高阴影区域精力并且以低成本改进目标层成像质量。

简介：Inflammatorydemyelinatingpseudotumorusuallyoccursinthebrainandrarelyoccursinthespinalcord.Onimaging,inflammatorydemyelinatingpseudotumorappearsverysimilartointramedullarytumorssuchasgliomas.Itisoftenmisdiagnosedasintramedullarytumorandsurgicallyresected.Inviewofthis,theclinicalandmagneticresonanceimagingmanifestationsandthepathologicalfeaturesof36casesofinflammatorydemyelinatingpseudotumorinthespinalcordwereretrospectivelyanalyzedandsummarized.Mostofthesecasessufferedfromacuteorsubacuteonsetandexhibitedasensorimotordisorder.Amongthem,sixcasesweremisdiagnosedashavingintramedullarygliomas,andinflammatorydemyelinatingpseudotumorwasonlyidentifiedandpathologicallyconfirmedaftersurgicalresection.Lesionsinthecervicalandthoracicspinalcordwerecommon.Magneticresonanceimagingrevealededemaandspace-occupyinglesionstovaryingdegreesatthecervical-thoracicjunction,withapredominantfeatureofnon-closedrosette-likereinforcement(open-loopsign).Pathologicalexaminationshowedperivascularcuffingofpredominantlydenselymphocytes,anddemyelinationwasobservedinsixofthemisdiagnosedcases.Theseresultssuggestthattumor-likeinflammatorydemyelinatingdiseaseinthespinalcordisakindofspecialdemyelinatingdiseasethatcanbecategorizedasinflammatorypseudotumor.Thesesolitarylesionsareeasilyconfusedwithintramedullaryneoplasms.Patchyornon-closedreinforcement(open-ringsign)onmagneticresonanceimagingisthepredominantpropertyofinflammatorydemyelinatingpseudotumor,andinflammatorycellinfiltrationanddemyelinationareadditionalpathologicalproperties.

简介：Instripsurfacequalityinspectionsystemsbasedonthemachinevisiondetectiontechnology,imagequalityisakeyfactoraffectingthefinaldetectionperformance.Compositeimagingmethods,suchasbrightanddarkfieldimagingorreflectionandtransmissionimaging,canrevealmoreinformationbyemphasizingdifferentimageaspects.Defectdetectionratesanddefectrecognitionaccuracycanbeimprovedbyintegratingandmatchinginformationfromdifferentimageacquisitionsettings.Practicalapplicationshowsthattransmissionandreflectioncompositeimagingcanimprovetheimagingqualityofpenetrativedefects,whtlebrightanddarkfieldcompositeimagingcanenhanceimagingofdefectssuchascolordeviationandstains.

简介：在这份报纸，我们为整个hyperspectral图象的稀少的表示设计了一个颜色可视化模型，在哪个，不是仅仅光谱在稀少的表示的信息而且整个图象的空间信息被保留。在稀少的表示后面，稀少的编码字典的有效元素的颜色标签根据稀少的系数被选择然后混合图象被显示。产生图象维持光谱距离保藏并且好可分性。为本地地面对象，建议单个象素的混合数组和改进面向的裂片质地方法是综合的显示每个象素的特定的作文。这也在混合象素颜色显示和罐头避免颜色演讲的混乱被用来重建原来的hyperspectral数据。最后，模型有效性用真实数据被证明。这个方法是有希望的并且能在许多地里发现使用，例如精力探索，环境监视，灾难警告等等。

简介：Thecoherenceisameasurefortheaccuracyoftheinterferometricphase,andthesyntheticapertureradar(SAR)interferometriccoherenceisaffectedbyseveralsourcesofthedecorrelationnoise.ForthecircularSAR(CSAR)imaginggeometry,thesystemresponsefunctionisintheformoftheBesselfunctionwhichbringsahighsidelobe,andthehighsidelobeofCSARwillbeanimportantfactorinfluencingtheinterferometriccoherence.Theeffectofthehighsidelobeonthecoherenceisanalyzedanddeduced.BasedontheinterferometriccharacteristicsoftheslightdifferenceintheviewinganglesandthepotentialpixeloffsetintheinterferometricSAR(InSAR)images,arelationbetweentheradarimpulseresponseandthecoherencelossfunctionisderived.Fromtherelationalmodel,thecoherencelossfunctionduetothehighsidelobeofCSARisthendeduced,andcomparedwiththatoftheconventionalSAR.ItisshownthatthehighsidelobeofCSARfocusingsignalwillseverelyaffectthebaselinedecorrelationandcoregistrationdecorrelation.SimulationresultsconfirmthetheoreticalanalysisandquantitativelyshowthebaselineandcoregistrationdecorrelationdegradationduetothehighsidelobesofCSAR.

简介：Thisletterpresentsalabel-freebiomolecularimagingtechniquebasedonwhite-lightinterferometryandspectraldetection.Themethodmeasuresthicknesschangescausedbyspecificbindingbetweenbiomoleculestodetectthepresenceofcertainanalyte.Aspectrum-shiftingalgorithmisdevelopedtoresolvethethicknessinformationfromthespectrum.Theaxialresolutionoftheexperimentalinstrumentcanreach～1nm,therebyenablingdetectionoftraceamounts(～1ng/mm2)ofproteinsorDNA.ThisletteralsopresentstwoexperimentstoprovethefeasibilityofthemethodfordetectingproteinsandDNAwithoutfluorescentlabeling.

简介：Acompactlinescanningquasi-confocalophthalmoscope(LSO)ispresentedinthisletter.Comparedwithaconventionalscanninglaserophthalmoscope(SLO),thebench-topLSOsignificantlyreducesthesize,complexity,andcostofSLOutilitywithroutineuse.TheLSOusesonemovingparttoproducehigh-contrastandhigh-resolutionquasi-confocalimageswithnearlythesameperformanceasaSLO.TheLSOhasamoderatefieldofview(～10),whichenablesimagesofthemacula,theopticnervehead,andothertargetstobeobtainedmorequicklyandefficiently.Animageoftheopticnerveheadistakeninapreliminaryinvestigationonhumansubjects.Individualnervefiberbundlesandvesselsareresolvedatashallowdepth,withalateralresolutionofnearly10μm.

简介：Acquiringdeep-spaceimageswithhighspatialresolutionandsensitivityisimportantforspace-debrissurveillanceandearlywarning.Weproposeanovelcomputationalimaging(CI)methodforhigh-sensitivityimageacquisitioninthisletter.TheproposedapproachintroducesCIintoimageformation.Theproposedcapturingprocessconductsminormodificationsforcamerastoencodemoredesirableinformationduringcapture,whichispracticalforhardwareimplementation.Thelatentimageisreconstructedbyformulatingarecoveryproblemintoanoptimizationproblem,whichissolvedwithiterativelyreweightedleastsquaretechnique.Theexperimentalresultsclearlyshowtheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod.

简介：Insularlesionsremainsurgicallychallengingbecauseoftheneedtobalanceaggressiveresectionandfunctionalprotection.Motorfunctiondeficitsduetocorticospinaltractinjuryareacommoncomplicationofsurgeryforlesionsadjacenttotheinternalcapsuleanditisthereforeessentialtoevaluatethecorticospinaltractadjacenttothelesion.Weuseddiffusiontensorimagingtoevaluatethecorticospinaltractin89patientswithinsularlobelesionswhounderwentsurgeryinChinesePLAGeneralHospitalfromFebruary2009toMay2011.Postoperativemotorfunctionevaluationrevealedthat57patientshadnochangesinmotorfunction,and32patientssufferedmotordysfunctionoraggravatedmotordysfunction.Oftheaffectedpatients,20recoveredmotorfunctionduringthe6-12-monthfollow-up,andanadditional12patientsdidnotrecoverovermorethan12monthsoffollow-up.Followingreconstructionofthecorticospinaltract,fractionalanisotropycomparisondemonstratedthatpreoperative,intraoperativeandfollow-upnormalizedfractionalanisotropyinthestablegroupwashigherthaninthetransientdeficitsgrouporthelong-termdeficitsgroup.Comparedwiththetransientdeficitsgroup,intraoperativenormalizedfractionalanisotropysignificantlydecreasedinthelong-termdeficitsgroup.Weconcludethatintraoperativefractionalanisotropyvaluesofthecorticospinaltractscanbeusedasaprognosticindicatorofmotorfunctionoutcome.

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简介：Weproposeaone-dimensionalintegralimaging(1DII)displaythatconsistsofadisplaypanelandagradient-apertureparallaxbarrier.Thegradient-apertureparallaxbarrierissymmetrical,anditsslitwidthsgraduallyincreasefrombothsidestothemiddle.Theleftmostandrightmostslitsareusedtofixtheviewingangle,whereastheotherslitsareusedtoincreasetheopticalefficiency.Aprototypeoftheproposed1DIIdisplayisdeveloped.Itsopticalefficiencyishigherthanthatoftheconventionaldisplay,buttheviewinganglesarethesame.

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简介：Aweakinfrared(IR)imageamplifierwithmorethan60-dBopticalgainandfrequencyup-conversionisdevelopedfromapicosecond(PS)355-nmpumpedgatedopticalparametricamplifier(OPA)inaβ-BaB2O4(BBO)crystal.TheIRimageat1064nmisamplifiedandup-convertedintothevisibleregionat532nmbyparametricamplificationandup-conversion.Withtheoptimizedopticalgain,thelowestdetectableenergyoftheimagecanbeaslowas1.8femto-Jouleperpulse,whichisthreeordersofmagnitudelowerthanthedetectionlimitofacharge-coupleddevice(CCD)camera.ThetransversalresolutionoftheOPAimagingisinvestigated,andtheapproachesforhigherdetectionsensitivityandhighertransversalresolutionareproposed.

简介：Objective:Thisstudyinvestigatedthecapabilityofdual-energyspectralcomputedtomography(CT)toquantitativelyevaluatelungperfusiondefectsthatareinducedbycentrallungcancer.Methods:Thirty-twopatientswithcentrallungcancerunderwentCTangiographyusingspectralimaging.Aunivariategenerallinearmodelwasconductedtoanalyzethevarianceofiodineconcentration/CTvaluewiththreefactorsoflungfields.Apairedt-testwasusedtocompareiodineconcentrationsandCTvaluesbetweenthedistalendoflungcancerandthecorrespondingareainthecontralateralnormallung.Results:Iodineconcentrationsincreasedprogressivelyinthefar,intermediateandneargroundsidesinthenormallungfieldsat0.60±0.28,0.93±0.27and1.25±0.38mg/mL,respectively(P<0.001).ThesametrendwasobservedfortheCTvalues[–(840.64±49.08),–(812.66±50.85)and–(760.83±89.17)HU,P<0.001].Theiodineconcentration(0.70±0.42mg/mL)ofthelungfieldinthedistalendoflungcancerwassignificantlylowerthanthecorrespondingareainthecontralateralnormallung(1.19±0.62mg/mL)(t=–7.23,P<0.001).However,theCTvalueoflungfieldinthedistalendoflungcancerwassignificantlyhigherthanthecorrespondingareainthecontralateralnormallung[–(765.29±93.34)HUvs.–(800.07±76.18)HU,t=3.564,P=0.001].Conclusions:SpectralCTimagingbasedonthespectraldifferentiationofiodineisfeasibleandcanquantitativelyevaluatepulmonaryperfusionandidentifyperfusiondefectsthatareinducedbycentrallungcancer.SpectralCTseemstobeapromisingtechniqueforthesimultaneousevaluationofbothmorphologicalandfunctionallunginformation.