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简介：Thepronunciationvariabilityisanimportantissuethatmustbefacedwithwhendevelopingpracticalautomaticspontaneousspeechrecognitionsystems.Inthispaper,thefactorsthatmayaffecttherecognitionperformanceareanalyzed,inculdingthosespecifictotheChineselanguage.BystudyintheINITIAL/FINAL（IF）characteristicsofChineselanguageanddevelopingtheBayesianequation,theconceptsofgeneralizedINITIAL/FINAL（GIF）andgeneralizedsyllable(GS),theGIFmodelingandtheIF-GIFmodeling,aswellasthecontext-dependentpronunciationweighting,areproposedbasedonawellphoneticallytranscribedseeddatabase.Byusingthesemethods,theChinesesylableerrorrate(SER)isreducedby6.3%and4.2%comparedwiththeGIFmodelingandIFmodelingrespectivelywhenthelanguagemodel,suchassyllableorwordN-gram,isnotused.Theeffectivenessofthesemethodsisalsoprovedwhenmoredatawithoutthephonetictranscriptionareusedtorefinetheacousticmodelusingtheproposediterativeforced-alignmentbasedtranscribing(IFABT)method,achievinga5.7%SERreduction.

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简介：瞄准：建立一个客观、容易使用、全面的方法分析阴茎海绵体electromyographic信号(CC潜力)。方法：CC潜力我们在23个年轻健康志愿者在软弱期间再录，与旁边地放在阴茎柄双性人上的表面电极。基于Matlab软件的关联函数，为CC潜力的分析的一个应用程序被开发。单个CC潜力和他们的自相关功能被评估，产出参数振幅(A)，持续时间(D)，和主导的频率(DF)。邻近的电极的纵、双边的对的跨关联的功能被计算从CC的不同部分同时估计类似和CC-potentialsrecorded的相互的延期。导出的参数被摆平maximumcross关联系数(Rmax)和延期(τ)。基于τ和相应极间距离的绝对值，繁殖速度(PV)被计算。结果：参数的Thevalues自动地被决定。与为参数A，D，和DF的电极的地点有关的有效差量都没被检测。跨关联证明纵、双边的CC潜在的对有高度类似的波形(Rmax的绝对值是0.80±0.05和0.87±0.06，分别地)。纵的对的PV作为6.15±被估计3.98cm/s。结论：为关联分析ofCC潜力的应用程序是一个全面、万用的方法分析阴茎海绵体electromyographicrecordings。它的客观性使多中心申请可能。

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简介：Thisarticleinvestigateslexicalgenderinspecializedcommunication.Thekeymethodofanalysisisthatofformsofaddress,professionaltitles,and’genericman’inaonemillionwordcorpusofbusinessletters.Thispaperfoundamixedresults:ontheonehand,the’male-as-norm’principlecontributestoreinforcingtypicalgenderstereotypes:forexample,foreachwomanreferredtointhecorpus,therearemorethan3occurrencesforman.Ontheotherhand,advocatesofnon-sexistEnglishhavealsoinfluencedwrittenBusinessEnglish:forexample,MsismorefrequentthanMrs.orMiss,whichsustainstheclaimthatequatesMswithprofessionalsettings.ThisarticleendsbydiscussingthewaysinwhichtheresearchfindingsofthisstudycouldpositivelyimpactupontheteachingofBusinessEnglish.

简介：瞄准：在人的阴茎海绵体在试管内上评估verapamil的弛缓的效果并且为可勃起的机能障碍(编辑)作为一个处理估计这药的潜力。方法：人的阴茎海绵体的准备从最近被获得有正常的死亡的年轻人可勃起的功能。当10micromol/L脱羟肾上腺素导致的收缩被verapamil或车辆控制(无菌的水)的不同剂量减少时，等轴的紧张和详细曲线被记录。人的阴茎海绵体准备的紧张在增加verapamil或车辆前被描述为他们的最高的紧张的一个百分比。ANOVA和最少的有效差量测试被用于统计分析。结果：1micromol/L，10micromol/L和100micromol/Lverapamil的剂量导致了松驰(35.28+/-7.96)%，(55.91+/-6.41)%，(85.68+/-4.16)在30min以后的%分别地。车辆控制同时削尖生产松驰(-0.06+/-10.57)%(P<0.05)。结论：Verapamil在放松脱羟肾上腺素在试管内导致的正常人的语料库多孔的平滑肌是显著地有效的，弛缓的效果取决于verapamil的集中。

简介：Aim:Tostudytheeffectofdiabetesmellitusandinsulintreatmentonratpenilenitricoxidesynthasecontent.Methods:MaleWistarratsweredividedatrandomintotwogroups:theControl(n=8)andtheDiabetic(n=17).Diabetesmellituswasinducedbyintraperitonealinjectionofstreptozotocin.Thediabeticanimalswerethenrandomlydividedintotwosubgroups:diabeticratswithoutinsulintreatment(n=7)anddiabeticratswithinsulintreatment(n=10).Theneuronalnitricoxidesynthase(nNOS)inthepenilecorpuscavemosumwereassayedbyimmumohistochemicalstainingwithspecificantibodytonNOSandthenNOS-positivenervefiberswerecountedsemiquantitativelyunderahighpowermicroscope.Results:ThenNOS-positivenervefibresindiabeticratswithtreatmentwashigherthanthatindiabeticratswithouttreatment(P<0.05)andlowerthanthatinthecontrols(P<0.01).ThenNOS-positivenervefibresindiabeticratwithouttreatmentwerealsolowerthanthatinthecontrols(P<0.01).Conclusion:Instreptozotocin-induceddiabeticrats,thenNOScontentinthepenilecorpuscavemosumwassignificantlydecreased.InsulintreatmentatthedoselevelemployedpartiallyrestoresthepenilenNOScontentintheserats.

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简介：瞄准：为了调查超级顺磁的氧化铁(SPIO)的生物进程是否把人的间充质的干细胞(hMSCs)标记，可以被使用在活体内non-invasively监视有在老鼠和兔子的阴茎海绵体的常规1.5-T系统考试的磁性的回声(先生)成像。方法：分别地与普鲁士的蓝色和Tripan蓝色检验的标记SPIO的hMSCswere的标记的效率和生存能力。在标记SPIO的hMSCs被移植到老鼠和兔子的阴茎海绵体以后，连续T2加权的先生图象被拿，组织学的考试在一个4星期的时期上被执行。结果：与SPIOcompared装载到未标记的房间的hMSCs有一个类似的生存能力。为标记SPIO的hMSCs超过1x10~5concentration在试管内，先生图象在信号紧张显示出减少。在在老鼠和兔子阴茎海绵体的标记SPIO的hMSCs的区域的先生信号紧张局部地减少了并且被限制。在进阴茎海绵体的标记SPIO的hMSCs的注射以后，先生成像证明hMSCs能在注射以后被看见至少12个星期。铁的存在被证实，普鲁士的蓝色在组织学的节染色。结论：在老鼠和兔子的阴茎海绵体的标记SPIO的hMSCs能被分子的先生成像non-invasively评估。我们的调查结果建议先生成像有能力在可勃起的机能障碍的背景在动物测试hMSCs的长期的治疗学的潜力。

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简介：Tourette'ssyndromeistreatedbybehavioralorpharmacologicaltherapy.However,patientswithmalignantTourette'ssyndromealsoexhibitlife-threateningsymptoms,whichareunresponsivetoconservativetreatmentsorneurosurgicalprocedures,suchasdeepbrainstimulation.Inrecentyears,mesenchymalstemcells(MSCs)haveshowntherapeuticpotentialinmanyneurologicaldiseases.Therefore,thepresentstudyproposedtouseMSCtransplantationasanoveltherapyforTourette'ssyndrome.StereotypicbehaviorsinTourette'ssyndromeratsdecreasedsignificantlyat21daysafterhumanMSCstransplantationintothestriatum.ImmunohistochemistryanalysesrevealedsurvivaloftransplantedhumanMSCsanddifferentiationintoneuronsandastrocytesintheratbrain.ResultssuggestthatintrastriataltransplantationofhumanMSCscouldprovidetherapeuticpotentialforTourette'ssyndrome.

简介：1.s were few. The time was barely 10 o'clock at night,applying both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study adopts two corpora. One is O.Henry’s book The Four Million (a collection of stories),for the fact that O.Henry was notable for writing stories with a diversity of expressions. The mean sentence length shows that O.Henry wrote shorter sentences than those in general written texts. In each of his short stories

简介：（2）The frequent noun keywords give a clue to the setting of O.Henry’s short stories. The temporal keywords tell that all but one story happened in the evening and the duration of time was not long. Some accidents even took place in a few hours. The location keywords denote several ordinary places in a city where something accidental might occur with the author’s witty arrangement.,minutes’. Such sequences of numbers and temporal nouns indicate that most of O.Henry’s short stories develop for a short period. Some events took weeks or days to develop,or even on the ‘bench’ in a little ‘park’. In O.Henry’s stories there were no places of imposing scale or unique style. But they were places perfectly matched with the stories of the common people.

简介：在这研究，我们调查了白果树biloba摘录(GBE)和phosphodiesterase类型的联合的效果5(PDE-5)阴茎海绵体和下士的钾隧道活动的肌肉发达的音调上的禁止者弄平肌肉房间。从雄的新西兰白兔子的阴茎海绵体的脱衣为等轴的紧张研究在器官洗澡被装。在有1×的收缩以后；10−5 moll−1新肾上素，GBE(0.01-1 ；mgml−1)和mirodenafil(0.01-100 ；nmoll−1)一起被增加进机关洗澡。在electrophysiological研究，整个房间的水流被常规补丁夹钳技术在人的阴茎海绵体的有教养的光滑的肌肉房间记录。阴茎海绵体以一种剂量依赖者方式响应GBE被放松(从0.64%；±；8.35%；在0.01 ；mgml−1到52.28%；±；11.42%；在1 ；mgml−1)。在有0.03 的预告的处理以后；GBE的mgml−1，mirodenafil的弛缓的效果根本被增加集中。在tetraethylammonium(茶)以后(1 ；mmoll−1)管理，增加的效果被禁止(P<；0.01)。GBE的细胞外的管理增加了在一个剂量依赖者的外面的水流塑造的整个房间的K+。外面的水流的增加被1 禁止；mmoll−1茶。这些结果建议GBE能甚至在最低限度地有效的剂量增加mirodenafil的弛缓的力量。通过钾隧道的K+流动可能是涉及这synergistic松驰的机制之一。

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