简介：摘要：传统人教社高中语文教材采用分注法将通假字注为“x通x”，古今字注为“x同x”比较合理。两轮课改人教社高中语文教材分别将通假字和古今字全注为“x通x”和“x同x”我认为两种改注不是很妥。

简介：AbstractPurpose:There are currently no clear guidelines for use of pan- or selective CT in elderly trauma patients and this subject matter remains controversial. The aim of this study is to compare the outcome of elderly trauma patients in a level 1 trauma centre who required a pan- or selective CT scan on admission.Methods:The Trauma Audit Research Network database was reviewed to identify eligible patients (≥65 years) over a one-year period, from January 2018 to January 2019. Patients’ demographics, mechanism of injury, injury severity score, length of hospital stay (LOS), mortality and type of CT scans done were recorded. The inclusion criteria were elderly patients ≥65 years involved in acute trauma setting (less than one day between incident and emergency department presentation and blunt mechanism of injury). Exclusion criteria were patients <65 years, perforating mechanism of injury and patients with delayed presentation more than one day after the incident, and patients who have not got any CT scan at presentation. Statistical analyses were undertaken on SPSS (version 25.0; IBM, New York, USA).Results:In total, 481 patients with the mean age of 80.8 years were evaluated (48.6% male). Among them 232 cases were multiple injuries while 249 were single system injuries. And 235 patients (48.8%) underwent pan-CT in whom 66.8% were multiple injuries; 246 (51.1%) did selective CT scan in whom 69.5% were single system injuries. In multiple injury patients, performing a pan-CT scan on presentation was associated with shorter LOS compared to those who had a selective CT, in which 76.4% patients spent < 21 days in the pan-CT group compared to 16.0% for those investigated by selective CT scan (p < 0.001); and 2.5% spent > 60 days in pan-CT group compared to 64% in selective CT group (p < 0.0001). Performing pan-CT was also associated with lower need to repeat CT (p < 0.01). In patients with a single system injury, no differences were found in LOS or the need to repeat CT if either pan-CT or selective CT were requested.Conclusion:We recommend doing pan-CT scan in all elderly patients with multiple system injuries as it decreases the LOS and the need for another CT during hospital stay. No difference in LOS or the need to repeat another CT if pan-CT or selective CT were requested initially in single system injuries. Although age and injury severity score are poor predictors for the need to do pan-CT, the mechanism of injury may be helpful.

简介：摘要目的：分析OPD-ScanⅢ与Pentacam测量角膜散光（CA）患者角膜屈光力、CA及散光轴位的相关性和一致性。方法：系列病例研究。收集2019年6-12月在苏州大学附属理想眼科医院就诊的屈光不正患者876例（1 072眼），分别用OPD-ScanⅢ与Pentacam测量角膜平坦轴屈光力（K1）、陡峭轴屈光力（K2）、CA、散光轴位、矢量参数J0（0°或180°轴位的Jackson交叉柱镜值）、45°轴位的Jackson交叉柱镜值（J45）。按Pentacam测量的CA度数分为低度CA组（CA≤0.75 D）301眼和高度CA组（CA>0.75 D）771眼。选取2种仪器连续测量3次，选取散光轴位为中间值的那次测量数据用于统计分析。采用配对t检验或Wilcoxon检验，Spearman相关性分析及Bland-Altman分析法对2种仪器测量数据的差异性、相关性、一致性进行分析。结果：低度CA组中，OPD-ScanⅢ与Pentacam测量K1、K2及CA的差异均有统计学意义（t=4.991，P=0.001；Z=2.310，P=0.022；Z=-2.891，P=0.004）；2种仪器测量K1、K2、CA、散光轴位、J0及J45的95%一致性界限（LOA）分别为（-0.31，0.35）D、（-0.32，0.42）D、（-0.32，0.38）D、（-27.86，27.96）°、（-0.19，0.21）D和（-0.18，0.18）D。高度CA组中OPD-ScanⅢ与Pentacam测量K1、K2、CA、散光轴位、J0及J45差异均有统计学意义（t=-10.763，P<0.001；t=6.046，P<0.001；Z=-2.335，P=0.020；Z=-5.480，P<0.001；Z=-1.997，P=0.046；Z=-6.079，P<0.001）；2种仪器测量K1、K2、CA、散光轴位、J0及J45的95%LOA分别为（-0.27，0.39）D、（-0.34，0.44）D、（-0.44，0.42）D、（-11.15，13.55）°、（-0.25，0.23）D及（-0.25，0.33）D。在低度和高度CA组中OPD-ScanⅢ与Pentacam测量的K1、K2、CA、散光轴位、J0及J45值均有相关性（均P<0.05）。结论：OPD-ScanⅢ测量K值和高度CA患者的散光轴位时与Pentacam的测量具有较高的一致性，但其测量CA度数和低度CA患者散光轴位时与Pentacam测量值的一致性较差。

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简介：摘要：近年来，为了打击恐怖分子和犯罪分子的猖狂行动，我国逐渐加大了对机场、高铁、火车站等交通运输点的安检力度。基于x射线的安检技术与设备逐渐得到应用，所以本文将就x光图像的概念、特点、原理进行研究说明。

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简介：摘 要：目前国内火车站、机场等重要场所的安检大多采用人工肉眼辨别的方法，对危险物品进行识别。其中可能存在识别疲劳等诸多因素造成对危险物品进行误判。本文将提出一种机器视觉的技术，旨在代替人眼进行更高效及精确的针对危险物品及其他进行识别监测。此外可通过对机器进行建库训练，将一些非常见但存在潜在危险的成像图导入库中，便于减少偶然事件的发生，以此加强火车站、机场等重要场所的安全工作。

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