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简介：Thispaperwilldiscussthedifferencebetweengenrefictionandmainstreamfiction,thedifferencebetweensciencefictionandotherfieldsofgenrefiction,andinparticular,thephilosophicaluseofsciencefictioninoursearchforabetterworld.Allgenresusedtobecalled″romance″todistinguishthemfrom″true″novels.TherewereargumentsaboutitinHawthorne'sTheHouseofSevenGablesandinaheatedexchangebetweenH.G.WellsandHenryJames.Iwilltalkaboutthisdifference.Allgenrefictionpaysattentiontotheexternalworld,butsciencefictionistheonlyoneofthemthatlooksforwardbybeinggroundedinthepresent.Issciencefictionreallyagenre?Therearesomedoubts.Sciencefictionisnotaboutscienceperse,butaboutthephilosophyofscience:thestudyoftheexternalworldanditsrelationtoman.Itisidealfor″thoughtexperiments.″Byexploringpossiblefutures,wecannotonlyexamineourpresentworld,butcanseewaysinwhichitcanbeimproved.Hence,sciencefictionisthesearchfor,ifnotutopia,thenatleastabetterworld.ThispaperwillalsodiscusstheideasofKimStanleyRobinson,UrsulaK.LeGuin,andothersintheirsearchforabetterfuture.

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简介：从Utopia到乌托邦,在理论上二者对等的不可能性和在实践中这种对等的可操作性的差异,开辟了重新解释二者关系的可能性.在跨语际实践中,Utopia和乌托邦的并置带来的不是黏连性而是断裂和界限.乌托邦源自于Utopi-a,却在诞生后与Utopia在词语层面和概念层面均发生了断裂,但在断裂中需要寻求同一的基础,以便乌托邦能在理论上完满自足.完型了的乌托邦逐渐靠向其周围迅速集结而成的既有汉语概念,通过既有概念的规定与限制最终融入到汉语概念世界中.