简介：Asearlyasinthe1960ssomepeoplehadpredictedthatcrudeoilwoulddepletesoon.Nevertheless,bytheendof1999theworldprovenreservesofremainingconventionaloilamountedto139.2billiontons.Theworldconsumedabout3.462billiontonsofoilin1999.Inaddition,thereexistsizablereservesofnon-conventionaloil(heavyoilsandsuper-heavyoils).

简介：Withthecombinationbetweensystemsimulationandvirtualreality,wehaveestablishedanintegratedvirtualrefinerysimulationplatform,andanalyzedtheoveralldesignandprincipalarchitecture.Thispaperintroducesasimulationalgorithmaboutarefinerybasedonvirtualreality,andexplainshowthealgorithmcanbeappliedtothevirtualrefineryintegratedsimulationplatformindetail.Thevirtualrefinerysimulationplatform,whichconsistsofathree-dimensionalscenesystem,anintegrateddatabasesystemandadynamic-staticsimulationsystem,hasmanyapplications,suchasdynamic-staticsimulationofkeyprocessunitusedasprocesscontrolandoiltankblendingsimulationforscheduling.Withthevisualizationandhuman-computerinteractionforacquiringproductionandprocessdata,thisplatformcanprovideeffectivesupportsonstafftrainingrelatedwithmonitoring,controlandoperationinrefinery.Virtualrefinerycanalsobewebpublishedthroughtheinternetanditishelpfulforthedistancetrainingandeducation.

简介：Sustainabledevelopmentofrefineryisanimportantproblemthatrefiningindustryfacesinthe21stCentury.Thesituationandchallengesinfrontofrefiningindustryareanalyzedandillustratedbyexamplesinthispaper.Itisalsorecognizedthatlarge-scale,clean,light-orientedandintegratedrefineryisthemodeofdevelopmentinfuture,andalsoanimportantmeasureforthesustainabledevelopmentofpetroleumresource.

简介：氢网络管理对refineries.Various重要系统的管理技术被开发了改进精炼厂氢networks.However的效率，所有对待在处理的氢网络费用和油之间的氢网络separately.The折衷的存在方法联网利益没在氢网络管理yet.A小说敏感分析计划被探索被介绍拿把网络处理成处理统一哪个是sensi的consideration.Oil的油

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简介：BeijingTongrentangwasfounedbyMr.LeZunyuintheeighthyearofthereignofEmperorQianlong(1669)inQingDynasty.LeZunyuonceservedasanofficialinchargeofdocumentsandarchivesfortheimperialhospitalfortheQingimperialpalace.Takingtheadvantageofhisposition,hecollectednumerousprovenprescriptionsandfolkrecipesaswellassecretprescriptionsofafamilyhandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration,andpreparedready-madeherbalcompounds.Withuniquerecipes,carefully-choseningredients,finetechnologyandconspicuouslycurativeeffectofsuchready-madeherbalcompounds,BeijingTongrentangthusestablisheditselfareputation.In1952,undertheleadershipofLeSongsheng,descendantoftheLefamilyandformermanagerofTongrentang,thecountry’sfirstmedicinalherbtabletproducer,BeijingTongrentangChineseMedicinalHerbRefinery,wassetup.Withthedevelopmentinthepastfourdecades,therefineryhasbecomeoneofthecoreenterprisesunderBeijingTongrentangGroupCorpora

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简介：Fordealingwithhigh-salinitywastewaterintherefinery,thehighcostofdrivingheatsourceisthedisadvantageofmulti-effectdistillation(MED)soitisofgreatimportancetoevaluatetheperformanceoflow-temperatureheatsourceforconductingMEDandselecttheoptimaltemperatureforit.BoththeMEDandthelow-temperatureheatsourcesstudiedinthispaperwerefromatypicalrefinerylocatedinnorthwesternChina.Besides,anewmethodologytoevaluateheatsourcesastheoptimalcandidatewasproposedforMEDbasedonthegreysystemtheory.Fiveprocessunits,whichincluded18fluidsoftherefinery,werenamedastheevaluationprojects.Threefactors,whichincludedsafetyeffects,totalcostsandcharacteristicsoflow-temperatureheatsourcesweredeterminedastheevaluationindexes,thevaluesofwhichwereestablishedthroughtheanalyses.Theresultsobtainedthroughthegreycorrelationanalyseshaverevealedthatthegreycorrelationdegreesoftheseunitswere0.661(AVDU),0.732(#1FCCU),0.618(#2FCCU),0.535(#1DCU),and0.572(#2DCU),respectively.Thus,theoptimalheatsourcewasprovidedfrom#1FCCU.Throughfurtheranalysesofthefluidsfrom#1FCCU,thegreycorrelationdegreesofthefluidswere0.597(oilandgasattopoftower),0.714(recycleoilandgas),and0.512(diesel),respectively.Thus,theoptimalheatsourcewastheoilandgasrecyclestream.

简介：RecentlytheRHTseriesofresidhydrotreatingcatalystsindependentlydevelopedbytheSINOPECResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing(RIPP)havebeensuccessfullyusedinthe#1RDSunitattheDalinrefineryoftheCPCCorporationofTaiwan,whilecrankingout