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简介：我们考虑被随机的震动和生产进程本身败坏的一个生产系统的预防维护。恶化的度由分离、有限的状态被建模。震动根据一个泊松过程到达并且败坏由随机的数量的系统。每当它生产一个项目时，系统可以败坏。系统连续地被监视并且修理系统状态是否在以上是为维护的预定水平。我们由于安装，操作，和修理从产品和费用分析一生，产品数量，平均支出，和平均利润考虑收入。假定系统参数和费用的结构，用数字例子，我们在平均利润和最大化平均利润的最佳的维护水平上调查生产和吃惊到达的影响。建议模型是适用的，转弯，打，并且钻例如，机器由于生产在穿的生产任务压过程，milling。

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简介：Background:ThiscontributionevaluatestheeffectofforeststructureandtreespeciesdiversityonplotproductivityandindividualtreegrowthintheuniqueKnysnaforestsinSouthernAfricausingmappedtreedatafromanobservationalstudythathasbeenre-measuredoveraperiodof40years.Methods:Theeffectsoftreespeciesdiversityandforeststructureontreegrowthandforestproductionareevaluatedonthreelevelsofresolution:a)theforestcommunity(canopy,sub-canopyspecies),b)thesubplots(numberoftreesperha,skewnessofthediameterdistribution,diametercoefficientofvariation)andc)theimmediateneighborhoodofselectedreferencetrees('Mingling','Dominance',Aggregation'and'SizeVariation').Results:Ananalysisofthecommunitylevelidentifiedtwodistinctclusters,oneincludingdominant/canopyspecieswiththehighestgrowthratesandagreatervariationofgrowth,andanotherclusterwhichincludestheremainingsubcanopyspecieswhichhaveasmallermaximumsizeandlowerratesofgrowth.Thearea-basedstructurevariablesonplotlevelhaveahighlysignificanteffectontotalbasalareagrowth.However,theeffectsofforestdensityandspeciesrichnessonproductivitywerenotstraightforward.Maximumbasalareaproductionofabout0.75m~2/ha/yearisachievedatmediumlevelsofrichness(around20speciesperha)andmediumlevelsofdensity(around30m~2/habasalarea)usingpercentileregressionestimates.Therelative'Dominance'ofaselectedreferencetreehadahighlysignificanteffectonindividualtreegrowthonallinvestigatedspecies.Otherneighbourhoodstructurevariableswereonlyoccasionallysignificantornotsignificantatall.Conclusion:Thiscontributionpresentsanewtheoreticalframeworkforanalysingnaturalforeststhatincludescommunity,plotandneighborhoodvariablesofforeststructureanddiversity,andafirstspecificanalysisofthestructureanddynamicsoftheKnysnaAfromontaneForest,basedonauniquesetoflongtermobservations.Thespecies-area(SAR

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简介：GansuRareEarthCorporationisoneofthelargestrareearthproducersinChina.Itsannualpro-ductioncapacityofrareearthchloridehasreached18000tonREObytheendof1992,rankingthefirstinChinaandbeingthesecondintheworld(onlynexttoMolycorp.,USA).Thecorporation’soriginalannualcapacityofrareearthchloridewas12000tonREO.Inmeeting

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简介：TheconfigurationmanagementtoolCMThasbeenusedsinceseveralyearsnow,andinquitsdifferentprojects(Virgo,GLAST,LHCb,Auger,Atlas,etc).Thefeaturesofthetoolhavecontinuouslyevolvedaccordingtothegrowingneedsofthedevelopersandtofollowtheincreasingcomplexityofthesoftwarebasesithastoservice,Howevertheoriginalconcepts:readability,simplicity,flexibility,completenesshavebeenpreservedandthesyntanofthecoreelementofthesystem-therequirementsfile-hasbeenalwaysketpbackwardcompatible.MoreandmoreprojectspecificconventionsandneedshavefounrtheirexpressionusingCMT,andsimultaneouslythefocuesetoCMTfeatureshaveevolvedaccordingly,progressivelyraisingimportancetowardslanguagecustomisation,newdocumentgeneratorsproductionofpatterns,packageorganizationandsoftwaredistribution.ThebasicpropertiesoftheCMTtoolkitwillbeshortlypresentedbutthefocusofthediscussionwillbesettotheCMTtoolkitwillbeshortlypresentedbutthefocusofthediscussionwillbesettoptheserecentevolutions,throughtsometypicalexamplesobtainedfromactualprojectsshowingspecificdefinitionsorconventions.Thediscussionisthenextendedtowardsthegeneralizedquestionofthescalabilityinsoftwareproductionandmanagementinthecontextofe.g.Gridtechnologies.TheimpactofusinggenericandhighleveltoolssuchasCMT,whichalreadyoffersseveralsolutions,RPMortheGridtechnologies,inthisrespectwillbepresented.Inparticular,theroleofformalspecificationsforthesoftwareconfigurationappearstobecriticalforquerymechanismsrequiredinmanagementoperationsorinremoteactions.

简介：Afteroptimizationandoperationforhalfayear,the30kt/a2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentadiolmono-isobutyrate(hereinafterabbreviatedasglycolester-12)unitconstructedbytheDynamic(Binhai)ChemicalIndustryCo.,Ltd.usingitsproprietarytechnologyhasreachedthedesigntargetonMay4,2013,withtheproductpurityreaching99.5%,

简介：DisclosedisamethodofpreparinghypophosphorousacidcomprisingcontactinganinsolubleanodewithanaqueoussolutionofhypophosphiteanionsandapplyingadirectcurrentthroughtheinsolubleanodetoacathodeinelectricalcontactwiththeequeoussolutiontogenerateH^+ionsintheaqueoussolutiontherebyformingahypophosphorousacidsolution.Theprocessissimple,lowcostandhighefficient,whichcanbetiedintoanexistingprocessforproducingsodiumhypophosphitewhereintheproductofsodiumhypophosphiteprocessisusedasastartingmaterialinthehypop[hosphorousacidprocess.

简介：CastironandsteelconsumerareearthsthemostinChina,makingupabout1/3oftotalrareearthconsumption,atanannualincreaserateof5%～8%.MainproductsincludeRE-ferrosiliconandRE-Mg-ferrosilicon,consumingabout25,000tonsREOperannum.Bytheendof2006,outputofRE-siliconwas50,000tons,including14,000tonsfromSichuan,22,000tonsfromInnerMongolia,5,000tonsfromShanxi,

简介：Thispaperreviewsmainproblemsofdomesticrefractories,intermsofthestructure,principle,performanceandnewtheoryofautomaticcontrol,suchasmoderncontrol,fuzzycontrol,artificialneuralnetwork,andexpertsystem.AdvancedequipmentusedinRHIDalianPlantisintroduced,aswellasqualitycontrolandguaranteeinEurope.SometopicstoupgradeChineserefractoryindustryarediscussed.

简介：NontoxiccolorantfromrareearthsisexpectedtobeputintofullproductioninthecurrentyearinBaotou,thebiggestcityintheInnerMongoliaautonomousregion,followingadecisionbythelocalgovernmenttoupgradetherareearthsindustrytovalue-addedprocessesagainstpreviouslyminingtherawmaterials."Duetoitsperfectcoloringandnontoxicpropertiesthecoloringagent,mainlyforplasticsandleathers,canreplacemostexistingdyesinthemarket,"saidZhangHongjie,inventorofthecolorantandmemberoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.

简介：Aftertwoyears’construction,instal-lationandadjustment,aproductionlinewithadesignedcapacityofprocessing400tonsREoxidesperannumhasbeenputintooperationintheZhuJiangRe-fineryPlantinSept.1989.Theprojectusedaninvestmentof30millionyuan,whichwasjointlyinvestedbytheZhuJiangRefineryPlant,theGu-angDongInformation&TechniqueDeve-lopmentCompanyandtheYueHuaNonfer-rousMetalsAssociatedExploitationCom-

简介：在中国的大陆的主要工业矿物质粉末的最近的年度输出是超过1亿t，由象粉碎，分类，分离/纯化，和表面修正的如此的支持的技术的活跃开发伴随了。特别地，为准备包含的极其细小的粒子的现在的纸评论技术弄干并且弄湿处理，修正和作文，白陶土泥土的锻烧，并且球形/无角的工业矿物质处理。

简介：Editor'snote:Thepaperwasquotedfromthepaperscollectionofthe'19thInternationalWorkshoponRare

简介：TsakhalholiesinMarkhamCounty,ChamdoPrefectureoftheTibetanAu-tonomousRegion(TAR).Geo-graphicallyitlooksquitemysteri-ousandithasauniqueculture.Formally,itisreferredtoas"TsakhalhoJangba(Naxi)ethnicTownofMarkham".ItislocatedinthesoutheastofTAR,betweentheeastbankofLancangRiverandDechenCounty.Atanelevationofabout2,400meters,thetownisadjacenttoPaltangofSichuanProv-inceon

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