简介：Chinesestudentsusuallygetveryhighgradesinschoolsorinternationalacademiccompetitions.Therefore,BBCreleasesonedocumentaryrecentlywhichistitledas"AreOurKidsToughEnough?ChineseSchool"tofindoutiftheChineseteachingstylefitsinBritisheducationsystem.Inthisdocumentary,anexperimentiscarriedoutinoneBritishmiddleschool.ThisfourweeklongexperimentinvolvesfiveexperiencedChineseteacherstoteachdifferentsubjectsinatraditionalChinesestyletoninthgradeBritishstudents.AlltraditionalChineseteachersarestrictandaredefinitelyfamiliarwithChineseteachingmethods.Onthecontrast,thestudentsarealllocalandtheyarecreativewithastrongBritishculturalbackground.

简介：Ovariancancer(OC)istheseventhmostcommonlydiagnosedcanceramongwomenintheworldandthetenthmostcommoninChina.EpithelialOCisthemostpredominantpathologicsubtype,withfivemajorhistotypesthatdifferinorigination,pathogenesis,molecularalterations,riskfactors,andprognosis.Geneticsusceptibilityismanifestedbyrareinheritedmutationswithhightomoderatepenetrance.Genome-wideassociationstudieshaveadditionallyidentified29commonsusceptibilityallelesforOC,including14subtype-specificalleles.Severalreproductiveandhormonalfactorsmaylowerrisk,includingparity,oralcontraceptiveuse,andlactation,whileotherssuchasolderageatmenopauseandhormonereplacementtherapyconferincreasedrisks.Theseassociationsdifferbyhistotype,especiallyformucinousOC,likelyreflectingdifferencesinetiology.EndometrioidandclearcellOCshareasimilar,uniquepatternofassociationswithincreasedrisksamongwomenwithendometriosisanddecreasedrisksassociatedwithtuballigation.OCrisksassociatedwithothergynecologicalconditionsandprocedures,suchashysterectomy,pelvicinflammatorydisease,andpolycysticovariansyndrome,arelessclear.Otherpossibleriskfactorsincludeenvironmentalandlifestylefactorssuchasasbestosandtalcpowderexposures,andcigarettesmoking.Theepidemiologyprovidescluesonetiology,primaryprevention,earlydetection,andpossiblyeventherapeuticstrategies.

简介：Superpixelsegmentationistheoversegmentationofanimageintoasetofhomogeneousregions.Superpixelhasmanyspecificpropertiesandhasbeencommonlyusedassupportingregionsforprimitivestoreducecomputationsinvariouscomputervisiontasks.Onepropertyofsuperpixelsiscompactness,whichispreferredinsomeapplications.Inthispaper,wegiveanreviewonimagesuperpixelsegmentationalgorithmsproposedinrecentyears.Superpixelsegmentationapproachesareclassifiedbasedonthecompactnessconstraintandtheirmainideaareintroduced.Wealsocomparethesealgorithmsinvisualandevaluatethemwithfivecommonmeasurements.

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简介：ThispaperexaminesthehistoricalrootsofScotsanditsmodernargumentoveritsstatusasalanguage.ByreviewingthehistoricalchangesofScots,aquickglimpsecanbegainedintotherelationshipbetweenEnglishandScots.

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简介：Paediatricretinaldetachment(PRD)isanuncommonandchallengingdisease;itdiffersfromadultdetachmentsinetiology,anatomicalcharacteristics,managementandprognosis.PRDscanbeparticularlychallenging,evenforthemostexpertpaediatricsurgeonsduetothehigherprevalenceoftotalretinaldetachments,latediagnosisandbilateralinvolvementwithrespecttothosewhichoccurinadulthood.Moreover,theanatomicalsuccess,whenachieved,isfrequentlynotrelatedtoafunctionalrecover.Postsurgicaladverseevents,refractiveerrorsandamblyopiamayadditionallyunderminethefinaloutcome.Uptodatetherearefewreviewsregardingtheapproachofretinaldetachmentinchildren,mainlydealingwithrhegmatogenousretinaldetachment.Inthisreview,rhegmatogenous,retinopathyofprematurityrelatedandCoats'-relatedPRDswereconsidered.Theavailableliteraturefromthelastdecadeswerereviewedandsummarized.Epidemiology,etiologyandclinicalpresentation,togetherwiththerapeuticapproachesandoutcomeshavebeenreviewedanddiscussed.

简介：Asanimportantstartingpointforpromotingnew-typeurbanizationandanimportantplatformforadvancingsupply-sidestructuralreform,characteristictownshavegainedstrongsupportatthenationalpolicylevelandhavebeenrapidlypromotedinpractice.However,ontheacademicresearchlevel,theresearchofcharacteristictownsislackofsystematic.Underthesecircumstances,thisarticlesummarizesthecurrentresearchonthecharacteristictowninourcountry,andmakesrelevantresearchandevaluation,withaviewtoprovidingreferenceandbasisforfurtherresearchonthecharacteristictown.

简介：Background:Thephysiologicalandbiochemicaldemandsofintenseexerciseelicitbothmuscle-basedandsystemicresponses.Themainadaptationstoenduranceexerciseincludethecorrectionofelectrolyteimbalance,adecreaseinglycogenstorageandtheincreaseofoxidativestress,intestinalpermeability,muscledamage,andsystemicinflammatoryresponse.Adaptationstoexercisemightbeinfluencedbythegutmicrobiota,whichplaysanimportantroleintheproduction,storage,andexpenditureofenergyobtainedfromthedietaswellasininflammation,redoxreactions,andhydrationstatus.Methods:Asystematicandcomprehensivesearchofelectronicdatabases,includingMEDLINE,Scopus,ClinicalTrials.gov,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,andEMBASEwasdone.Thesearchprocesswascompletedusingthekeywords:'endurance','exercise','immuneresponse','microbiota','nutrition',and'probiotics'.Results:Reviewedliteraturesupportsthehypothesisthatintestinalmicrobiotamightbeabletoprovideameasureable,effectivemarkerofanathlete'simmunefunctionandthatmicrobialcompositionanalysismightalsobesensitiveenoughtodetectexercise-inducedstressandmetabolicdisorders.Thereviewalsosupportsthehypothesisthatmodifyingthemicrobiotathroughtheuseofprobioticscouldbeanimportanttherapeutictooltoimproveathletes'overallgeneralhealth,performance,andenergyavailabilitywhilecontrollinginflammationandredoxlevels.Conclusion:Thepresentreviewprovidesacomprehensiveoverviewofhowgutmicrobiotamayhaveakeyroleincontrollingtheoxidativestressandinflammatoryresponsesaswellasimprovingmetabolismandenergyexpenditureduringintenseexercise.

简介：1.IntroductionEatingdisorders(ED)arethemostcommonpsychiatricdisordersafflictingyoungwomen~1andcontributetogreatdetrimentsinpsychological,social,andphysicalhealth.~(2,3)Unfortunately,EDtreatmentstendtobelonglasting,intensive,andexpensive.~4Additionally,individualswithEDseekingtreatmentusehealthcareservicesmorefrequentlythannon-EDindividu-

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简介：Inclinicalpractice,avarietyofsyndromesareassociatedwithcardiovasculardiseaseandhavecharacteristicfindings.Mostofthemareanautosomaldominantgeneticdisorderandhavedifferenttypesofcardiovascularabnormalities,includingelectrocardiographicconductiondefects,arrhythmias,cardiomyopathy,vascularandvalvulardiseases,cardiacseptaldefects,andpulmonaryproblems.Thereisagrowingneedforphysicianstopaymoreattentiontothesesyndromes.

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简介：Saposhnikoviaedivaricata(Turcz.)Schischk(SD)isatraditionalChineseherbcommonlyusedtotreatclinicalconditionssuchasrheumatismandallergicrhinitis.ThisreviewarticleevaluatesacollectionofworksoninvitroandbiochemicalstudiesofSD.ThediscourseonthediverseclassofchromonesandcoumarinsinSDoffersaninsighttothepharmacologicaleffectsofthesebioactiveconstituentsasanti-inflammatory,analgesic,immunoregulatory,antioxidative,andanti-proliferativeagents.Itishighlightedthatthereisastructuralrelationshipbetweentheconstituentsandbioactiveactivities,whichineffectprovidesavalidreasoningandreaffirmtheuseofSDinthetreatmentofthepathologiesinChinesemedicine.

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简介：Thispaperreviewedthemaintarget,functions,tool(OpenQuakesoftware)andresearchachievementsoftheGlobalEarthquakeModel(GEM)Foundation,andmadeasimpleprospectonthedevelopmentandapplicationofprojectsofGEMinthefuture.LearningfromGEMandOpenQuakeishelpfultoimprovetheseismichazardmodelofChinaandenhancethescientificityoftheseismichazardassessmentformetropolitansandmajorengineeringfacilitiesnearmajorseismogenicstructures.

简介：Colorectalcancer(CRC)isasignificantcauseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide.However,coloncancerincidenceandmortalityisdecliningoverthepastdecadeowingtoadoptionofeffectivescreeningprograms.Nevertheless,insomepartsoftheworld,CRCincidenceandmortalityremainontherise,likelyduetofactorsincluding'westernized'diet,lifestyle,andlackofhealth-careinfrastructureandresources.Participationandadherencetodifferentnationalscreeningprogramsremainobstacleslimitingtheachievementofscreeninggoals.Differentmodalitiesareavailablerangingfromstoolbasedteststoradiologyandendoscopywithvaryingsensitivityandspecificity.However,theavailabilityofthesetestsislimitedtoareaswithhigheconomicresources.Recently,FDAapprovedablood-basedtest(Epiprocolon?)forCRCscreening.Thisbloodbasedtestmayservetoincreasetheparticipationandadherencerates.Hence,leadingtoincreaseincoloncancerdetectionandprevention.ThisarticlewilldiscussvariousCRCscreeningtestswithaparticularfocusonthedataregardingthenewapprovedbloodtest.Finally,wewillproposeanalgorithmforasimplecost-effectiveCRCscreeningprogram.

简介：PostedonJanuary4,2017byFDAVoiceThispastyearwasanothersuccessfulyearforthenewdrugsprograminFDA’sCenterforDrugEvaluationandResearch(CDER).CDERreviewedandapproved22noveldrugs,mostofwhichhavethepotentialtoaddsignificantclinicalvalue

简介：Infectiveendocarditisisalethalandchallengingmultifaceteddiseasethatcaninvolveanyvascularizedsystem.Webelievethatmultimodalityimagingisinvaluabletoprovideacomprehensivediagnosis.OurmanagementapproachtoinfectiveendocarditisadherestoacombinationoftheAHA,ACC,STS,andESCguidelines.Withtherapidlyincreasingtranscathetervalvepopulation,weexpectanincreasedcaseloadofinfectiveendocarditis.Beyondpatientswithhemorrhagicstrokes,weadvocateforearlysurgeryifmedicalmanagementhasfailed.Furthermore,amultidisciplinaryteamapproachisimperativeininfectiveendocarditis,andclearcommunicationreducesthetimetodiagnosisanddefinitivetreatmentforthispatientpopulation.