简介：InthispaperTVDexplicitschemesdevelopedrecentlyinCFDareusedtosimulatefivemodelsofboresduetodam-break.Numericalexperimentsarepresentedtodemonstratethattheyachievehighresolutionandgeneratenospuriousoscillationsandtoshowtheversatilityoftheschemes.

简介：TheTangjiashanlandslidedamfailedonJune10,2008,whichwasthelargestoneformedduringtheWenchuanearthquakeinChina.Nohumanliveswerelostinthisdamfailure.Thispaperpresentsadescriptionofthedam,includingthedamgeometry,thehydrographandthereservoircapacity,thediversionchannelandthedrainagefromthelake.Severalempiricalmodelsareappliedtopredictthebreachparameters,thepeakoutflowsandthereservoirvolumesduringthisbreachevent.Themainobjectiveofthestudyistocomparevariouspredictionmodelsandtomakerecommendationofthebestmodelforthepredictionofthebreachwidth,thefailuretime,andthepeakoutflow.ThebreachwidthspredictedbytheFroehlichmethodswithconsiderationsofthereservoirstoragesandtheeffectoffailuremodeareconsideredtobemorereasonable.Allpredictionmethodsdiscussedinthispaperarefoundtounderestimatethebreachformationtimeduetothecomplexmaterialandthelargethicknessofthedam.Theresultsfromthesoilconservationservices(SCS)methodcomparewellwiththeobservedpeakoutflow.TheMaronemethodincombinationwiththecoefficientexpressionsproposedbyMacchionegivesexcellentresultsinthesimulationofthereservoirvolume-levelcurve.

简介：Previousstudiesathomeandabroadhavemainlyfocusedonsingledam-break,andlittleattentionhasbeenpaidsofartothedam-breakofcascadereservoirs.Multi-sourceflooding,whichcanleadtothree-dimensionalturbulentphenomenaandsuperpositioneffects,isthemaindifferencebetweenthedam-breakofcascadeandsinglereservoirs.Detaileddescriptionsofthecouplednumericalsimulationofmulti-sourcefloodinghavelittlebeenreported,andtheinitialwetriverbedisrarelyconsideredincurrentmodels.Therefore,inthispaper,amethodbasedonthethree-dimensionalk_eturbulencemodelcoupledwiththevolume-of-fluidmethodisproposedtosimulatethedam-breakfloodingofcascadereservoirs.Theupstreamriver,reservoir,anddownstreamriverareconnectedbytheinternalboundarymethod,andtheinitialconditions,includingriverflowandreservoirwater,aredeterminedaccordingtotheresultsofthenumericalsimulation.Couplednumericalsimulationofdifferentdam-breakfloodingisthenachieved.Thepresentworksolvesthechallengespresentedbytheenhancementandsuperpositionofnaturalriverflow,upstreamflooding,anddownstreamflooding.Thispaperprovidesatheoreticalbasisforfuturestudiesonthedam-breakfloodroutingofcascadereservoirs.

简介：水坝裂缝流动的存在数字调查很少考虑植被的效果。这份报纸在活动、生长的床上为水坝裂缝流动论述一个平均深度的二维的模型。在模型，两个都，为由植被的存在存储质量和动量并且拖流动减少空间的后果被考虑：前者被把一个因素(1c)(1c)介绍给流动深度考虑，在c是植被密度的地方；以后被在动量方程包括一个另外的水池术语考虑。新管理方程是由有限体积方法的discretized；并且中央迎风的计划为水深度与静水力学的重建方法嵌入的存在秒顺序，被用来估计流动；来源术语被完成稳定性要求的明确或半明确的方法估计。与/没有植被效果/沉积运输的水坝裂缝流动或伪稳定的流动的实验室实验被模仿。在大小和数字模拟之间的好协议在复制流动深度，速度和床变丑深度表明模型的令人满意的表演。在一张活动、生长的床上的水坝裂缝流动的六种情形的数字案例研究被进行。植被分发的植被地区，植被密度，和模式的区域什么时候被改变，被看那，结果的床词法变化极大地不同，在水坝裂缝流动进化上建议植被的大影响。明确地，植被可以转移主要流动的方向，妨碍流动并且因此导致植被在上游的增加的免职。

简介：Thispaperpresentstheresultsofanexperimentalstudyfocusedonthepropagationofdam-breakflowwavesovermovablebeds.Testsconsistedinthesuddenopeningofaverticallift-gatewhichseparatedinitialwaterandsedimentlevelsupstreamanddownstreamofthegate.Theyallowedthesimulationofthefollowinginitialconditions:withorwithoutinitialbed-stepatthegatecross-section;withorwithoutwaterdownstreamofthegate;withorwithoutsedimentsdownstreamofthegate.Testresultswereusedtodiscusstheinfluenceofthemovablebedonthecelerityofthewave-fronts,aswellasonthedownstreamwave-frontheight.Thetotalvolumeofdislodgedsedimentswasalsoassessed.Someimportantconclusionswereachieved:i)themovablebeddoesnotaffecttheupstreamwave-frontceleritybutitaffectsthecelerityofthedownstreamwave-front;ii)theexperimentalceleritiesshowsomedisagreementwiththeanalyticalsolutions;iii)theexistenceofaninitialbed-stepatthelift-gatecross-sectioninfluencesthedownstreamwave-frontpropagation,includingthewaterdepth.

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简介：Comparedwithurbanfloods,dam-breakfloodsareassociatedwithgreateruncertainties,includingvariabledam-breakmodesandhydrologicalcharacteristics,soconventionalfloodestimationmethodscannotbedirectlyappliedintheestimationofdam-breakfloodloss.Inparticular,thereisscantinformationregardingtheconditionsofaffectedareaandhydrologicalcharacteristicsinsouthwestChina.Inthispaper,weintroduceanintegratedmodelforestimatingfloodlossthatisadaptedtothemountainousregionsofsouthwesternChinainlightoftherelativelackofavailableinformation.Thismodelhasthreemajorcomponents:abasicinformationmodel,adam-routedfloodpropagationsimulationmodel,andalossestimationmodel.Weestablishedthebasicinformationmodeldespitetherelativelackofavailableinformationusing3Stechnology[remotesensing(RS);geographicalinformationsystem(GIS);globalpositioningsystem(GPS)],dataminingtechnology,andstatisticalanalysistechniques.Ourdam-routedfloodpropagationsimulationmodelconsistsofmajorhydrologicprocessesandtheirgoverningequationsforflowpropagation,whichwesolveusingfinite-differenceschemes.Inthismodel,thefloodpropagationareaisdividedintogridsandeachgridisdeterminedbythecharacteristicparametersobtainedfromthepropagationsimulation.WepresentacasestudyoftheLianghekouhydropowerstationinSichuanProvince,Chinatoillustratethepracticalapplicationofthisintegratedmodelforlifelossestimation.

简介：1-Dand2-Dmathematicalmodelsfordambreakflowwereestablishedandverifiedwiththemeasureddatainlaboratory.The1-Dand2-Dmodelswerethencoupled,andusedtosimulatethedambreakflowfromthereservoirtailtothedamsite,thepropagationofdambreakwavesinthedownstreamchannel,andthesubmergenceofdambreakflowinthedownstreamtownwiththehydrodynamicsmethod.Asanumericalexample,thepresentedmodelwasemployedtosimulatedambreakflowofahydropowerstationunderconstruction.Insimulation,differentdam-breakdurations,upstreamflowsandwaterlevelsinfrontofdamwereconsidered,andtheseinfluencingfactorsofdambreakflowwereanalyzed,whichcouldbereferencedinplanninganddesigninghydropowerstations.

简介：本月来了一次阿联酋之旅。确实听说过阿布扎比和迪拜的富有，也看过好多电影中表现当地的场景，但当你来到这个地方，还是会被小小地震撼一下。阿联酋在发现石油之前，曾经一贫如洗，如今更像是一夜暴富。我想起中国的发展历程也很快，也有很多人经历过一夜暴富，但是相互对比之下，还是阿联酋人更加会享受财富，也更加会享受生活。阿联酋曾经是英国殖民地，民众行事风格还是保有一些英式的绅士风格，从街上人们的开车风格就可见一斑，基本上阿联酋人和欧美发达国家的人一样，都会在人行道上礼让行人，整个社会也比较规矩，只是在修建了那么多世界之最以后，多少有些暴发户的心态而已。反观中国，就不那么让人乐观了，虽然我们也经常喜欢追求世界第一，但整个社会的心态都是相当急躁的。

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简介：要问近段时间最火爆的电视剧是哪部，那非美剧《PrisonBreak（越狱）》莫属了。许多同学肯定也看过，但你从中都学到了哪些很地道的英语呢？

简介：勇敢的闲人在这个世界上，不循规蹈矩的人总是闲人。因为他们不需要每天早上起来按照既定方针穿好衬衫、擦亮皮鞋、用发蜡打好头发，然后吃固定卡路里的早餐，最后出门之前也不需要看看各种电器是否关掉开关。

简介：breakup意为“打碎;分裂;解体;散(会);放假;分解”。【经典例旬】Thesinginggroupbrokeupsoonaftertheybecamefamous.这个演唱组合在成名后不久就解散了。

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简介：BCHydrohasnowcompletedworkonstage1oftheElsiedamupgradeinVancouverlsland,Canada.Thedam,partofthe27MWAshriverhydroelectricfacilitybuiltin1958,isbeingupgradedtoresistsmajorseismicevents.Darnsafetyinvestigationshadshownthatathinlayerofsaturatedloosematerialinthemaindamatapproximatelyel326mwouldliquefyduringamajorearthquake.

简介：put，break和leave这三个动词，都是英语中的高频词汇，也是历来中学英语考试的热点和难点。下面笔者对它们的常见用法作一总结：

简介：breakawayfrom挣脱（束缚）；脱离【经典例句】Hebrokeawayfromthatoutlawed.groupyearsago.他在几年前脱离了那个非法团体。

简介：IranhassignedacontractwithunnamedforeignfinanciersforUS$300Mtofundtwohalf-finisheddamschemes,accordingtoTehranradio.TheschemesaretheOsturdaminMianehinEastAzerbaijanprovinceandtheMollaSadradaminFarsprovince.TheOsturdamwillhaveastoragecapacityof2Bm^3anda160MWhydropowerstation.

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