简介：利用CloudSat和CALIPSO卫星云产品数据分析了2007年1月至2010年12月中国华北（陆地A1）、日本海（近海A2）和太平洋地区（远海A3）的中云（高积云Ac和高层云As）分布特征.3个地区全年中云平均发生概率近1/3,As的发生概率高于Ac.As高度主要位于4～8km,Ac则集中于高度3.5～5.5km范围,中云垂直及水平尺度从陆地向深海逐步增加.位于对流层中部的中云其所处位置温度使冰晶和过冷水状态的液态水能够同时存在.统计结果表明As中冰态粒子含量占绝对多数,Ac中液态和冰态各占比例彼此相当.As与Ac中IER（冰晶有效粒子半径）分布与高度均呈负相关关系,IER谱分布主要范围为35～80μm.As中LER（液水有效粒子半径）与高度呈正相关特征,但Ac中这一特征明显减弱,Ac及As中LER主要分布范围为5～15μm.As及Ac中IWC及LWC谱分布比较分散,与高度之间的相关性亦不明显.

简介：基于CloudSat-CALIPSO（CloudSat–CloudAerosolLidarandInfraredPathfinderSatelliteObservations）卫星观测资料,分析了全球总云量和8类云的云量、云底高、云顶高、云厚度的水平和垂直分布。分析结果表明,全球平均总云量为66.7%,其中卷云（Ci）和层积云（Sc）云量之和与其他6类云量总和相当,是全球云量最多的两类云。积状云云量呈现从赤道向极地递减的特征,层状云则相反,反映了二者不同的生成环境,同时下垫面地形和天气系统也严重影响云的分布。8类云的高度及厚度特征有显著差异。Ci的云底高度和云顶高度都较高,厚度则较薄;高层云（As）和高积云（Ac）的云底高度和云顶高度都位于大气中层,但As比Ac出现的高度高且厚度大;层云（St）、层积云和积云（Cu）的云底高度和云顶高度都很低,属于薄的低云;雨层云（Ns）和深对流云（DC）云底较低但云顶伸展很高,归属于厚云类。总体而言,海洋上云底高度较陆地低;赤道等大气不稳定地区,云底较高,云厚度较大;高原地区则表现出＂高云不高,低云不低,云厚较薄＂的特征。

简介：Cloudmicrophysicalpropertyretrievalsfromtheactivemicrowaveinstrumentonasatelliterequiretheclouddropletsizedistributionobtainedfromaircraftobservationsasaprioridataintheiterationprocedure.Thecloudlognormalsizedistributionsderivedfrom12flightsoverBeijing,China,in2008–09werecharacterizedtoevaluateandimproveregionalCloudSatcloudwatercontentretrievals.Wepresentthedistributionparametersofstratiformclouddroplet(diameter<500μmand<1500μm)anddiscusstheeffectoflargeparticlesondistributionparameterfitting.Basedonthreeretrievalschemeswithdifferentlognormalsizedistributionparameters,theverticaldistributionofcloudliquidandicewatercontentwerederivedandthencomparedwiththeaircraftobservations.Theresultsshowedthattheliquidwatercontent(LWC)retrievalsfromlargeparticlesizedistributionsweremoreconsistentwiththeverticaldistributionofcloudwatercontentprofilesderivedfrominsitudataon25September2006.WethenappliedtwoschemeswithdifferentaprioridataderivedfromflightdatatoCloudSatoverpassesinnorthernChinaduringApril–Octoberin2008and2009.TheCloudSatcloudwaterpath(CWP)retrievalswerecomparedwithModerateResolutionImagingSpectroradiometer(MODIS)liquidwaterpath(LWP)data.TheresultsindicatedthatconsideringaprioridataincludinglargeparticlesizeinformationcansignificantlyimprovetheconsistencybetweentheCloudSatCWPandMODISCWP.Theseresultsstronglysuggestthatitisnecessarytoconsiderparticleswithdiametersgreaterthan50μminCloudSatLWCretrievals.

简介：到2011年4月的从2006年6月的CloudSat卫星数据被用来调查特征在东亚上遮蔽垂直侧面(20?L獵?牯渠来敬瑣

简介：Cloudprofilingradar(CPR)onboardCloudSatallowsfordeeppenetrationintodenseclouds/precipitation.Inthisstudy,tropicalcyclones(TCs)areclassifiedintothreestagesasdeveloping,mature,anddecaying.ThecircularTCareawiththeradiusof500kmisdividedintofiveregions.Theverticalstructurecharacteristicsof94WesternPacificTCsatdifferentstagesindifferentregionsfromJune2006toFebruary2014arestatisticallyquantifiedusingtheCloudSattropicalcycloneoverpassproduct(theCSTCProduct).Contouredfrequencybyaltitudediagrams(CFADs)ofradarreflectivityshowanarc-likefeatureandexhibitoppositedistributionswithaboundaryat5km.Brightbandsarefoundatthisaltitude,indicatingmeltinglayers.Deepconvective(DC)cloudshavethelargestoccurrenceprobabilityintheinnerregion,whileCicloudsoccurmorefrequentlyintheouterregionat10-15km.AscloudshavethesecondlargestverticalscaleafterDCclouds.DistributionsofAc,Cu,andNscloudsatdifferentstageshavefewdistinctions.Asthealtitudeincreases,theiceeffectiveradiusandthedistributionwidthparameterdecreasewhiletheparticlenumberconcentrationincreases.Moiststaticenergy(MSE),cloudthickness(CT),liquidwaterpath(LWP),icewaterpath(IWP),watervapor(WV),andrainrate(RR)alldiminishalongtheradialdirectionandaresignificantlylargeratthematurestage.TheaveragevalueofMSEatthedevelopingstageislargerthanthatatthedecayingstage.