简介:AmoregeneralmodeldescribingPCMclose-contactmeltingoutsideahotsphereisdevelopedwiththeaidofintroducingaparamterαandpresentingasupplementaryequationforthefirsttimeinthispaper.Thegoverningintegral-differentialequationsaresolvedbynumericalmethod.Themelt-filmthicknessvariationalongthesurfaceofsphereisobtainedreasonablyduetotheconsiderationoftheinterfaceshapemoreprecisely,ThecalculationresultesofPecletnumber,heattransferredandpressuredistributionarealsocomparedwiththatinliterature,Themodelpresentedinthispapercandescribethewholeclose-contactregionandthewholecontactmeltingprocess.Close-contactmeltinginsphericalorcylindricalcapsulestowhichthemodelcanbeextendedisalsodiscussedbriefly.
简介:Atmosphericescapeisakeyprocesscontrollingthelongtermevolutionofplanets.Radiativecoolingcompetesforenergyagainstatmosphericescapeinplanetaryupperatmospheres.Inthiswork,weuseapopulationbalancemethodandaMonteCarlomodeltocalculatethepreviouslyignoredemissionsofmetals(C,N,Oandtheirions)andcomparethemwithradiativerecombinationofHIIandLy-αemissionofHI,whicharethemostefficientcoolingmechanismscurrentlyrecognizedintheupperatmospheresofhotJupiters.TheresultsshowthattheemissionsofC,N,Oandtheirionsarestrongnon-linearfunctionsofenvironmentalparameters(temperature,density,etc.)andarelikelytobeefficientcoolingmechanismsintheupperatmospheresofclose-inexoplanets.
简介:在粒子从范围使变形到立方体包装密度的变化被学习。一个新模型被介绍描述在不同粒子形状之间的粒子变丑。变丑被部件范围的相对运动在一个粒子的范围集会模型模仿。在到立方体的变丑形式范围的粒子的随机的靠近的包装与一个改进松驰算法被模仿。在2D和3D盒子的包装被模仿。与模拟,当粒子球状在变丑减少时,我们发现收拾行李的密度增加。范围和立方体给最小(0.6404)和分别地在变丑包装密度的最大值(0.7755)。在每使变形的步,包装从一种随机的配置并且从最后一使变形的步的最后的收拾行李开始是模仿的两个。在后者盒子中的收拾行李的密度比在二种尺寸的前者大,但是在三种尺寸是更小的。变丑模型能也被用于另外的粒子形状。
简介:Inordertopredictthemechanicalperformanceofthepolyvinylchloride(PVC)atahighoperatingtemperature,aseriesofshort-termtensilecreeptests(onetenthofthephysicalagingtime)ofthePVCarecarriedoutat63Cwithasmallconstantstressbyadynamicmechanicalanalyzer(DMA).TheStruik-Kohlrausch(SK)formulaandStruikshiftingmethodsareusedtodescribethesecreepdataforvariousphysicalagingtime.AnewphenomenologicalmodelbasedonthemultiplerelaxationmechanismsofanamorphouspolymerisdevelopedtoquantitativelycharacterizetheSKparameters(theinitialcreepcompliance,thecharacteristicretardationtime,andtheshapefactor)determinedbytheagingtime.ItisshownthatthemomentarycreepcompliancecurveofthePVCat63CcanbeverywellfittedbytheSKformulaforeachagingtime.However,theSKparametersforthecreepcurvesarenotconstantduringtheagingprocessattheelevatedtemperatures,andtheevolutionoftheseparametersandthecreeprateversusagingtimecurvesatthedoublelogarithmiccoordinateshaveshownanonlinearphenomenon.Moreover,thecreepmastercurvesobtainedbythesuperpositionwiththeStruikshiftingmethodsareunsatisfactoryinsuchacase.Finally,thepredictedresultscalculatedfromthepresentmodelincorporatingwiththeSKformulaareinexcellentagreementwiththecreepexperimentaldataforthePVCisothermallyagedatthetemperaturerelativelyclosetotheglasstransitiontemperature.
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简介:Thepapercameupwiththebasicprinciples,technologysystem,planningandforestgovernancesystemofclose-to-natureandvalue-orientedforestmanagementonthebasisofdiscussionsonitsconceptandtheoreticalfoundation,andfinallyintroducedinitialeffectsofclose-to-natureandvalue-orientedforestmanagementimplementedinHarbin.
简介:TheplantationoccupiesgreatproportioninurbanforestinmanycitiesinChina.Thedesignandmanagementforurbanforestsupplementseachother.Thedesigndecidestheorientationofmanagement,whilethemanagementalsoaffectsthelandscapeeffectsandecologicalbenefitsofthedesigninreverse.Therearemanyissuesondesignandmanagementofurbanforest.Forexample,somedesignsonlyemphasizethevisualimpressionwhileignoringtheecologicalbenefits,theproblemsofsimplifyingtheforestlayerstructureandpurifyingitsspeciescompositionareubiquitous,Itisshortofcomprehensiveanalysisoflocalenvironmentconditions,thephenomenaareveryoutstandinginlearningforeignorothercity'smodelbycopyingmechanically.Themanagementmodelisnotonlymonotonous,butalsobehindthestepofurbandevelopmentandthehumandemandforreturningtonature.Theseunreasonabledesignsandmanagementsareoneofthemainreasonsforlowerecologicalbenefits,andalsocausedsomeotherbadaftereffects,suchaslowerbiodiversityandhighcostofmanagement,etc.Sothethoughtofclose-to-naturedesignandmanagementinurbanforestisproposedanditsfeasibilityandmethodsarediscussedinthepaper.
简介:作为一艘轮船的可操作性,近遨游到一个银行被sidewall影响,对调遣稳定性的轮船的评价是重要的。平面运动机制(PMM)测量的水动力学衍生物测试提供一个方法预言轮船可操作性的变化。这份报纸由使用不稳定的RANS方程与变体距离介绍PMM模型测试的数字模拟给一个垂直银行。一种混合动态网孔技术被开发认识到网孔配置并且当轮船接近银行时,动态PMM测试重新协调。建议方法被把数字结果与一条传播的水隧道的PMM测试的结果作比较验证。轮船的一阶的水动力学衍生物从侧面的力量的时间历史被分析并且偏航时刻根据多重跑的模仿过程和有ship-sidewall距离的水动力学衍生物的变化被给。直线稳定性和方向性的稳定性也被讨论并且稳定或不稳定的地区比例衍生物(PD)为方向性的稳定性的控制器参数被显示出,它能是为当航行在一条河岸附近时,保留操作的路线的引用。
简介:Close-rangehyperspectralimagesareapromisingsourceofinformationinplantbiology,inparticular,forinvivostudyofphysiologicalchanges.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatehowdatafusioncanimprovethedetectionofleafelementsbycombiningpixelreflectanceandmorphologicalinformation.Thedetectionofimageregionsassociatedtotheleafstructuresisthefirststeptowardquantitativeanalysisonthephysicaleffectsthatgeneticmanipulation,diseaseinfections,andenvironmentalconditionshaveinplants.WetestedourfusionapproachonMusaacuminata(banana)leafimagesandcompareditsdiscriminantcapabilitytosimilartechniquesusedinremotesensing.Experimentalresultsdemonstratetheefficiencyofourfusionapproach,withsignificantimprovementsoversomeconventionalmethods.