简介:InspiteofthecurrentprevalenceoftheCVD-basedprocesses,theelectricarcremainsaninterestingprocessforthesynthesisofcarbonnanoforms,thankstoitsversatility,robustnessandeasiness.Italsoallowsperformingin-situsubstitutionofcarbonatomsbyhetero-elementsinthegraphenelattice.Ourworkaimstoestablishacorrelationbetweentheplasmaproperties,typeandchemicalcomposition(andthesubstitutionrate)oftheobtainedsingle-wallcarbonnanotubes.TheplasmawascharacterizedbyopticalemissionspectroscopyandtheproductswereanalyzedbyhighresolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscopyandcorelevelElectronEnergy-LossSpectroscopy(EELS).Resultsshowthatahighboroncontentleadstoaplasmatemperaturedecreaseandhinderstheformationofnanotubes.Thiseffectcanbecompensatedbyincreasingthearccurrentand/oryttriumcontent.Theoptimalconditionsforthesynthesisofboron-and/ornitrogen-substitutednanotubescorrespondtoahighaxialplasmatemperatureassociatedtoastrongradialgradient.EELSanalysisconfirmedthattheboronincorporatesintothegraphemelattice.
简介:最近,中科院物理研究所白雪冬研究组的王文龙副研究员和博士生杨晓霞等人在单壁B—C—N纳米管研究方面又取得了新进展。三元B-C—N纳米管的合成有两个基本途径:直接生长法与碳纳米管取代反应法。直接生长法是指把B、C、N三种元素的前驱物同时引入生长环境,在纳米管生长的同时实现对其B、N掺杂,CVD方法便是直接生长法的一种。而所谓取代反应法则是以预先合成好的碳纳米管作为母体,在高温下使之与合适的含B和N的化合物之间发生化学取代反应,当碳纳米管晶格中的部分C原子被B、N原子所取代掺杂后,便得到三元B—c—N纳米管。纳米管取代反应法在原理上是一种能大量制备三元B—C—N纳米管的方法,曾经在B—C—N多壁纳米管的合成方面取得较好的结果,但是对单壁纳米管却一直难以奏效。
简介:有alloying原子X=C,B,N,O和空缺的镁和它的合金的概括叠的差错(GSF)精力和表面精力用第一原则的方法被调查了。叠的差错精力上的alloying原子和空缺的占优势的减少效果在slip飞机附近在第一层从他们的位置被结果,这被发现。叠的差错精力是将近与纯镁一样当alloying原子和空缺被放在时第二,第三,第4,第5和第6层。O强烈减少Mg的GSF精力,这被显示出。alloying原子C,B和N增加表面精力,但是O和空缺减少Mg的表面精力。Mg和Mg合金的韧性被使用在表面精力和不稳定的叠差错精力之间的比率基于瑞斯标准讨论了。
简介:Anenvironmentallyfriendlyprecursor,adenosine,hasbeenusedasadualsourceofCandNtosynthesizenitrogen-dopedcarboncatalystwith/withoutFe.Ahydrothermalcarbonizationmethodhasbeenusedandwateristhecarbonizationmedia.Themorphologyofsampleswith/withoutFecomponenthasbeencomparedbyHRTEM,andtheresultshowsthatFecanpromotethegraphitizationofcarbon.Furtherelectro-chemicaltestshowsthattheoxygenreductionreaction(ORR)catalyticactivityofFe-containingsample(C–FeN)ismuchhigherthanthatoftheFe-freesample(C–N).Additionally,theintermediatesofC–FeNformedduringeachsyntheticprocedurehavebeenthoroughlycharacterizedbymultiplemethods,andthefunctionofeachprocedurehasbeendiscussed.TheC–FeNsampleexhibitshighelectro-catalyticstabilityandsuperiorelectro-catalyticactivitytowardORRinalkalinemedia,withitshalf-wavepotential20mVlowerthanthatofcommercialPt/C(40wt%).Itisfurtherincorporatedintoalkalinepolymerelectrolytefuelcell(APEFC)asthecathodematerialandledtoapowerdensityof100mW/cm~2.