简介:对于有机卤代物的电化学还原,银基纳米催化剂显示出优异的催化活性。采用简单的化学还原法制备Ag-Ni纳米颗粒(NPs),并采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见光谱、透射电镜以及能量散射谱等方法对制备的纳米催化剂进行表征。采用循环伏安法、计时电流法以及电化学阻抗谱在有机介质中研究Ag-Ni纳米颗粒对苄氯还原的电催化活性。结果表明:Ni元素的加入可明显减小Ag-Ni纳米颗粒的尺寸,使苄氯的还原峰电位φp正移且增加Ag-Ni纳米颗粒的催化活性。然而,当Ni的含量大于一定值后,Ag-Ni纳米颗粒的催化活性反而降低。同时,对Ag-Ni纳米颗粒的协同催化效应进行探讨。
简介:在1,6-己二醇溶剂中,以Ru3(CO)12和Fe3(CO)12为原料,采用低温回流方法合成了Ru-Fe纳米粒子催化剂。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和电化学技术表征了催化剂的物理特征和电催化性能.催化剂粉末以六方结构的Rux簇为主相,呈现出高度均匀而聚集的纳米颗粒特征.在0.5mol/LH2SO4溶液中,Ru-Fe催化剂对氧还原反应(ORR)的电催化活性高于Rux,主要归因于d电子从Ru原子到Fe原子的转移过程.
简介:目的探讨超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒(SPIO)标记滑膜间充质干细胞(SMSC)的可行性及标记前后细胞生物学特性的变化。方法将体外分离培养、纯化及鉴定后的兔膝关节SMSC加入不同浓度的SPIO标记液在37℃二氧化碳培养箱孵育,24h后普鲁士蓝染色和透射电镜下观察标记情况,并比较标记前后SMSC的细胞活性及细胞增殖能力情况。结果SPIO标记后SMSC经普鲁士蓝染色细胞质内可见蓝染颗粒,细胞标记率均达95%以上,且随着标记浓度的增高,细胞质蓝染铁颗粒增多,颜色加深。透射电镜下观察,细胞质及吞饮小泡内可见大量高电子致密度颗粒,呈阳性。在标记液浓度为(12.5~50)μg/ml时,标记后的细胞增殖能力与细胞活力与标记前比较无明显差别;当标记液浓度为100μg/ml以上时,细胞增殖能力与细胞活力受到抑制。结论根据初步研究,一定浓度范围的SPIO标记兔SMSC是安全可行的,为解决SMSC在关节内的示踪问题具有重要意义。
简介:ThispaperreportstheuseofAufilmstoimprovetheperformanceofthestackedsolidoxidefuelcell(SOFC)basedonthecharacterizationoftheinterfaceandtheadhesionbetweentheelectrodesoftheSOFCsandtheAgpaste.Thespecimensweremanufacturedtoperformtheexperimentasfollows.ASiO2waferwitha300mmnotchwasattachedtotheelectrodesofaSOFCbyaAgpasteandAufilm,whichweredepositedontheelectrodesbysputteringfor1minor5mindepositiontimeandannealedat300Cfor1h.Thefour-pointbendingtestwasperformed,whichresultedintheformationofanextendedcrackatthetiponthewafernotch,andthecrackpropagationwasobservedusingastereomicroscopeequippedwithacharge-coupleddevice(CCD).Consequently,theinterfacialadhesionenergyandtheeffectoftheAufilmbetweentheeachelectrodeandtheAgpastecanbeevaluated.Onthecathode,theinterfacialadhesionenergywithoutAufilmwas2.59J/m2(uppervalue)andtheadhesionenergyincreasedto11.59J/m2(uppervalue)and15.89J/m2(lowervalue)withtheAufilm.Ontheanode,theinterfacialadhesionenergywithoutAufilmwas1.74J/m2(uppervalue),whichincreasedto11.07J/m2(uppervalue)and14.74J/m2(lowervalue)withtheAufilm.Inaddition,theinterfaceareaswereanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andenergydispersivespectroscopy(EDS)toestimatetheinterfacedelamination.
简介:铅精矿样品高温焙烧后用硝酸、盐酸溶解完全后,经活性炭静态吸附、棉花纸浆过滤、灰化、王水溶解,采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定其中的金含量。该方法的加标回收率为94.23豫~97.13豫,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.95%,线性范围宽,具有良好的准确性和精密度,测定结果与FAAS(火焰原子吸收光谱法)法吻合。与FAAS法相比较,ICP-AES法具有更宽的线性范围,干扰小,准确度高,快速简便等优点。适合用来测定铅精矿中的金。
简介:Theaerobicoxidationofglycerolprovidesaneconomicallyviableroutetoglyceraldehyde,dihydroxyacetoneandglycericacidwithversatileapplications,forwhichmonometallicPt,AuandPdandbimetallicAu–Pt,Au–PdandPt–PdcatalystsonTiO2wereexaminedunderbase-freeconditions.PtexhibitedasuperioractivityrelativetoPd,andAu–PdandPt–PdwhileAuwasessentiallyinactive.ThepresenceofAuontheAu–Pt/TiO2catalystsledtotheirhigheractivities(normalizedperPtatom)inawiderangeofAu/Ptatomicratios(i.e.1/3–7/1),andtheonewiththeAu/Ptratioof3/1exhibitedthehighestactivity.SuchpromotingeffectisascribedtotheincreasedelectrondensityonPtviatheelectrontransferfromAutoPt,ascharacterizedbythetemperature-programmeddesorptionofCOandinfra-redspectroscopyforCOadsorption.Meanwhile,thepresenceofAuonAu–Pt/TiO2,mostlikeduetotheobservedelectrontransfer,changedtheproductselectivity,andfacilitatedtheoxidationofthesecondaryhydroxylgroupsinglycerol,leadingtothefavorableformationofdihydroxyacetoneoverglyceraldehydeandglycericacidthatwerederivedfromtheoxidationoftheprimaryhydroxylgroups.ThesynergeticeffectbetweenAuandPtdemonstratesthefeasibilityintheefficientoxidationofglyceroltothetargetedproducts,forexample,byrationaltuningoftheelectronicpropertiesofmetalcatalysts.