简介：Experimentshaveshownthattheionenergyobtainedbylaser–ionaccelerationcanbeoptimizedbychoosingeithertheappropriatepulsedurationortheappropriatetargetthickness.WedemonstratethatthisbehaviorcanbedescribedeitherbythetargetnormalsheathaccelerationmodelofSchreiberetal.orbytheradiationpressureaccelerationmodelofBulanovandcoworkers.Thestartingpointofourconsiderationsisthattheessentialpropertyofalasersystemforionaccelerationisitspulseenergyandnotitsintensity.Maybesurprisinglyweshowthathigherionenergiescanbereachedwithreducedintensities.

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简介：Anionbeamhastheuniquefeatureofbeingabletodeposititsmainenergyinsideahumanbodytokillcancercellsorinsidematerial.However,conventionalionacceleratorstendtobehugeinsizeandcost.Inthispaper,afutureintenselaserionacceleratorisdiscussedtomakethelaser-basedionacceleratorcompactandcontrollable.Theissuesinthelaserionacceleratorincludetheenergyefficiencyfromthelasertotheions,theionbeamcollimation,theionenergyspectrumcontrol,theionbeambunching,andtheionparticleenergycontrol.Inthestudy,eachcomponentisdesignedtocontroltheionbeamqualitybyparticlesimulations.Theenergyefficiencyfromthelasertoionsisimprovedbyusingasolidtargetwithafinesub-wavelengthstructureoranear-critical-densitygasplasma.Theionbeamcollimationisperformedbyholesbehindthesolidtargetoramulti-layeredsolidtarget.Thecontroloftheionenergyspectrumandtheionparticleenergy,andtheionbeambunchingaresuccessfullyrealizedbyamulti-stagelaser–targetinteraction.

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简介：MuonsproducedbytheBethe–HeitlerprocessfromlaserwakefieldacceleratedelectronsinteractingwithhighZmaterialshavevelocitiesclosetothelaserwakefield.Itispossibletoacceleratethosemuonswithlaserwakefielddirectly.Thereforeforthefirsttimeweproposeanall-optical‘GeneratorandBooster’schemetoacceleratetheproducedmuonsbyanotherlaserwakefieldtosupplyaprompt,compact,lowcostandcontrollablemuonsourceinlaserlaboratories.Thetrappingandaccelerationofmuonsareanalyzedbyone-dimensionalanalyticmodelandverifiedbytwo-dimensionalparticle-in-cell(PIC)simulation.Itisshownthatmuonscanbetrappedinabroadenergyrangeandacceleratedtohigherenergythanthatofelectronsforlongerdephasinglength.WefurtherextrapolatethedependenceofthemaximumaccelerationenergyofmuonswiththelaserwakefieldrelativisticfactorγandtherelevantinitialenergyE0.Itisshownthatamaximumenergyupto15.2GeVispromisingwithγ=46andE0=1.45GeVontheexistingshortpulselaserfacilities.

简介：固体加速长度在一张冷稠密的运输病床上被调查(0.10中间的

简介：Ashortoverviewofthetheoryofaccelerationofthinfoilsdrivenbytheradiationpressureofsuperintenselasersispresented.Asimplecriterionforradiationpressuredominanceatintensitiesaround5×1020Wcm-2isgiven,andthepossibilityforfastenergygainintherelativisticregimeisdiscussed.

简介：Duringourresearch,Ithasbeenfoundthatbodyaccelerationhasstrongrelationshipswiththehumanenergyexpenditure.Thispaperdiscussesthemethodstoassessphysicalactivityandconcludesthatforaccurateassessmentofphysicalactivityunderfreelivingconditionstherecentlyintroducedaccelerometerlooksmostpromising.Wedevelopedanewcomputerizedmachinetoassessthebodyactivityandenergyexpenditure.Testdatasofthetreadmillexperiment,respirationexperimentand5-kilometer-runningexperimenthavebeenarchieved,wefoundthatbodyaccerationintegralswithtimehaslinearrelationswithbodyenergyexpenture.

简介：这篇论文讨论加速为解决非线性的抛物线的方程的含蓄的计划的反复的方法。二个新非线性的反复的方法由theimplicit明确的伪说出--牛顿(IEQN)方法和衍生物免费的含蓄明确的伪--牛顿(DFIEQN)方法被介绍，在哪个结果从linearization的线性方程能保存原来的部分微分方程的抛物线的特征。重复方法的反复的顺序能集成二次的联盟者到含蓄的计划的答案，这被证明。而且与Jacobian免费Newton-Krylov(JFNK)方法相比，theDFIEQN方法有一些优点，例如，它的实现是容易的，并且它与一个明确的系数矩阵给一个线性代数学的系统，以便线性(内部)重复没被限制为Krylov方法。由IEQN，DFIEQN，JFNK和Picard重复方法的计算结果在理论的证实和这些方法的表演的比较被介绍。

简介：Sedimentationbasedprocessesarewidelyusedinindustrytoseparateparticlesfromaliquidphase.Sincetheadventofthe'Nanoworld'thedemandforeffectiveseparationtechnologieshasrapidlyrisen,callingforthedevelopmentofnewseparationconcepts,oneofwhichliesinhybridseparationusingthesuperpositionofamagneticfieldformagneticparticles.Possibleproductportfolioofsuchseparationconsistsofpigmentproduction,nanomagneticsproductionforelectronicsandbioseparation.Apromisingstepinthatdirectionismagneticfieldenhancedcakefiltration,whichhasbynowprogressedfrombatchtocontinuousoperation.Insedimentationprocessesinamassforcefieldthesettlingbehaviourofparticlesstronglydependsonphysico-chemicalproperties,concentrationandsizedistributionoftheparticles.ByadjustingthepH,theinterparticleforces,inparticulartheelectrostaticrepulsion,canbemanipulated.Forremanentmagneticparticlessuchasmagnetite,pre-treatmentinamagneticfieldcouldleadtoachangeofinterparticleinteractions.BymagnetizingtheparticlesapartfromvanderWaalsattractionandelectrostaticrepulsion,anadditionalpotentialisinduced,themagneticattraction,whichcouldeasilydominatetheotherpotentialsandresultinagglomerationintheprimaryminimum.Bysedimentationanalysis,awidespectrumofparameterslikepH,magneticfieldstrengthandconcentrationhavebeeninvestigated.Theresultsshowastrongincreaseofsedimentationvelocitybymagneticflocculationoftherawsuspension.Thisleadstoariseinthroughputduetotheaccelerationofsedimentationkineticsbyimpartinganon-chemicalinteractiontothephysico-chemicalpropertiesinthefeedstreamoftheseparationapparatus.

简介：Wepresentamathematicalmethodforaccelerationworkspaceanalysisofcooperatingmulti-fingerrobotsystemsusingamodelofpoint-contactwithfriction.Anewunifiedformulationfromdynamicequationsofcooperatingmulti-fingerrobotsisderivedconsideringtheforceandaccelerationrelationshipsbetweenthefingersandtheobjecttobehandled.Fromthedynamicequation,maximumtranslationalandrotationalaccelerationboundsofanobjectarecalculatedundergivenconstraintsofcontactconditions,configurationsoffingers,andboundsonthetorquesofjointactuatorsforeachfinger.Here,therotationalaccelerationboundscanbeappliedasanimportantmanipulabilityindexwhenthemulti-fingerrobotgraspsanobject.Toverifytheproposedmethod,weusedasetofcasestudieswithasimplemulti-fingermechanismsystem.Theachievableaccelerationboundaryintaskspacecanbeobtainedsuccessfullywiththeproposedmethodandtheaccelerationboundarydependsontheconfigurationsoffingers.

简介：最近，放射压力加速(RPA)被建议了并且广泛地学习了，它证明那循环地极化了(CP)激光脉搏能在phase-stable-acceleration(PSA)加速单音精力充沛的离子捆从ultrathin陪衬的方法。自我组织的质子横梁能稳定地在10点在和一个平面目标的CP激光的相互作用被加速到GeV，这被发现<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>22W/cm<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2。称为紧缩的激光血浆质子加速器(CLAPA)的一个工程最近被大多数在中国同意。激光的一个原型驾驶质子加速器(1～15MeV/1Hz)将基于PSA机制和血浆透镜在下一五年里在北京大学被造。它以后将为惯性的范围熔化为象癌症治疗，血浆成像和快点火那样的应用被升级到200兆电子伏。

简介：Thereal-timeidentificationofdynamicparametersisimportantforthecontrolsystemofspacecraft.Theeigensystemrealizationalgorithm(ERA)iscurrentlythetypicalmethodforsuchapplica-tion.Inordertoidentifythedynamicparameterofspacecraftrapidlyandaccurately,anacceleratedERAwithapartialsingularvaluesdecomposition(PSVD)algorithmispresented.InthePSVD,theHankelmatrixisreducedtodualdiagonalformfirst,andthentransformedintoatridiagonalmatrix.TheeigenvaluesarecomputedbythebisectionmethodintermsoftheSturmproperty,andthecorrespondingeigenvectorsareob-tainedbytheinverseiterationmethod.Finally,theeigenvaluesandtheeigenvectorsaretransformedintothesingularvaluesandthesingularvaluevectorsoftheoriginalmatrix.Anexampleforspacestationispresent-edtodemonstratetheefficacyandaccuracyoftheproposedalgorithm.

简介：Ａｃｃｅｌｅｒａｔｉｏｎｒｅｃｏｒｄａｎｄｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｇｒｏｕｎｄｍｏｔｉｏｎａｔａｎｅｐｉｃｅｎｔｒａｌｄｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆ２００ｋｍＹｕ－ＨｏｎｇＴＩＡＮ（田玉红）ａｎｄＰｅｉ－ＤｅＷＡＮＧ（王培德）（Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆ...

简介：Thecompressedsensing(CS)ofaccelerationdatahasbeendrawingincreasingattentioningaittelemonitoringapplication.Insuchapplication,therestillexistsomechallengingissuesincludinghighenergyconsumptionofbody-worndeviceforaccelerationdataacquisitionandthepoorreconstructionperformanceduetononsparsityofaccelerationdata.Thus,thenovelschemeofcompressivesensingofaccelerationdataisneededurgentlyforsolutionsthatarefoundtotheseissues.

简介：Theconventionalpseudo-staticapproachoftenneglectstheeffectoftheverticalseismicaccelerationonthestabilityofaslope,butsomeanalysesunderplane-strain(2D)conditionsshowasignificanteffectontheslopestability.Thepurposeofthisstudyistoinvestigatetheeffectoftheverticalaccelerationonthesafetyofthree-dimensional(3D)slopes.Inthestrictframeworkoflimitanalysis,a3Dkinematicallyadmissiblerotationalfailuremechanismisadoptedherefor3Dhomogeneousslopesinfrictional/cohesivesoils.Asetofstabilitychartsispresentedinawiderangeofparametersfor3Dslopesundercombinedhorizontalandverticalseismicloadingconditions.Accountingfortheeffectsoftheverticalseismicacceleration,thedifferenceinsafetyfactorsfor3Dslopescanexceed10%,whichwillsignificantlyoverestimatethesafetyofthe3Dslopes.

简介：Onthebasisofasinusoidalmodelofthedisturbedhorizontalacceleration,thespectrumcharacteristicsofmisalignedangleandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionareanalyzed.Inanairbornegravimetrytest,themisalignedangleofplatformandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionarecalculated.Theyare5'and3mGal,respectively,whentheflightisstable.

简介：Recentlytherehasbeengreatprogressinlaser-drivenplasma-basedacceleratorsbyexploitinghigh-powerlasers,whereelectronbeamscanbeacceleratedtomulti-GeVenergyinacentimeter-scaleplasmaduetothelaserwakefieldaccelerationmechanism.While,todate,worldwideresearchonlaserplasmaacceleratorshasbeenfocusedonthecreationofcompactparticleandradiationsourcesforbasicsciences,medicalandindustrialapplications,thereisgreatinterestinapplicationsforhigh-energyphysicsandastrophysics,exploringunprecedentedhigh-energyfrontierphenomena.Inthiscontext,wepresentanoverviewofexperimentalachievementsinlaserplasmaaccelerationfromtheperspectiveoftheproductionofGeV-levelelectronbeams,anddeducethescalingformulascapableofpredictingexperimentalresultsself-consistently,takingintoaccountthepropagationofarelativisticlaserpulsethroughplasmaandtheacceleratingfieldreductionduetobeamloading.Finally,wepresentdesignexamplesfor10-GeV-levellaserplasmaacceleration,whichisexpectedinnear-termexperimentsbymeansofpetawatt-classlasers.

简介：Ultrashortlaserpulsesareusedtocreatesurfacestructuresonthin(25μm)silicon(Si)wafers.Scanningthewaferwithagalvanometricmirrorsystemcreateslargehomogeneouslystructuredareas.Thevarietyofstructureshapesthatcanbegeneratedwiththismethodisexemplifiedbytheanalysisofshape,heightanddistanceofstructurescreatedintheambientmediaairandisopropanol.Astudyofthecorrelationbetweenstructureheightandremainingwaferthicknessispresented.Thecomparativelyeasymanufacturingtechniqueandthestructurevarietythatallowsforcustom-tailoredtargetsshowgreatpotentialforhighrepetitionrateionaccelerationexperiments.

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