简介:Aimedateliminatingallformsdiscriminationagainstwomen,ensuringhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforwomeninallfieldsandrealizingde-factoequalitybetweenmenandwomen,theConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationAgainstWomenadoptedbytheU.N.GeneralAssemblyisamostsignificantandmostcomprehensivelegaldocumentconcerningtheprotectionofhumanrightsofwomen,whichiscalled'TheCharteroftheHumanRightsofWomen.'ThisthesisreviewstheachievementsandproblemsinthefulfillmentbytheChinesegovernmentofobligationsundertheConventionaftersigningandratifyingit;andalsoputsforwardsomefeasibleapproachesforimprovementthereof.
简介:all-k-nearest-neighbor(AkNN)询问为每个询问对象发现k最近的邻居。这个问题在许多区域自然地产生,例如GIS(地理信息系统),多媒体检索,和recommender系统。到各种各样的数据类型和灵活距离度量标准在真实应用程序包含了的支持,也就是,我们在公制的空格学习AkNN检索公制的AkNN(MAkNN)搜索。认为询问上的内在的索引设定,目标集合不能存在,它在许多情形是自然的。例如,询问集合和对象集合能是另外的询问的结果,并且这样,内在的索引不能预先被造。到没有任何内在的索引的数据集上的支持MAkNN搜索,我们建议一个有效基于磁盘的算法,作为基于分区的MAkNN算法(PMA)称为,它跟随一个分区搜索框架并且为加速搜索采用一系列修剪的规则。另外,我们扩大我们的技术处理MAkNN询问的有趣的变体,即,公制的self-AkNN(MSAkNN)搜索,在询问集合与对象相同的地方,设定。用真实、合成的数据集的广泛的实验表明我们的修剪的规则的有效性和建议算法的效率,与最先进的MAkNN和MSAkNN算法相比。
简介:AFourieranalysisappliedtotheMach–Zehnderinterferometer(MZI)transmissionspectrumforsimultaneousrefractiveindex(RI)andtemperaturemeasurementsisproposedandexperimentallydemonstratedinthisLetter.InthefastFouriertransform(FFT)spectrumoftheMZItransmissionspectrum,severalfrequencycomponentsaregenerallyobserved,whichmeansthatthetransmissionspectrumoftheMZIisformedbythesuperpositionofsomedual-modeinterference(DMI)spectra,andeachfrequencycomponentrepresentsdifferentcore-claddinginterferences.WecanselectsomedominantfrequencycomponentsintheFFTspectrumoftheMZItransmissionspectrumtotaketheinverseFFT(IFFT).Then,thecorrespondingDMIpatternscanbeobtained.DuetotheshiftofthewavelengthoftheseDMIspectrawithchangesintheenvironmentalparameters,wecanusethecoefficientmatrixoftheseDMIspectraformulti-parametersensing.InthisLetter,twoDMIpatternsareseparatedfromtheresultanttransmissionspectrumoftheMZI.AstheRIandtemperaturechange,theshiftsofthetwoDMIpatternswithrespecttotheRIandtemperaturewillbeobserved.ThesensitivitiesoftheRIandtemperatureare-137.1806nm∕RIU(RIunit)and0.0860nm∕°C,and-22.9955nm∕RIUand0.0610nm∕°CforthetwoDMIs.Accordingly,itcanbeusedtosimultaneouslymeasureRIandtemperaturechanges.Theapproachcaneliminatetheinfluenceofmultipleinterferencesandimprovetheaccuracyofthesensor.
简介:WedemonstratethegenerationofQ-switchedpulsesfromanytterbium-dopedfiberlaser(YDFL)usingquantumdot(QD)CdSeasapassivesaturableabsorber(SA).TheCdSeQDisfabricatedbythesynthesisofCdO,Se,andmanganeseacetateandparaffinoilandoleicacidasthesolventandsurfactant,respectively.TheCdSeQDisthendopedintopoly-methyl-methacrylate(PMMA)viaanemulsionpolymerizationprocess.APMMAhostedCdSeQDthinflakewithahomogeneousendsurfaceisthenformedandplacedbetweentwoferrulesandassembledinaYDFLcavitytoachievetheQ-switchingoperationwitharepetitionrateof24.45to40.50kHzwhilevaryingthepumppowerfrom975to1196mW.Thepulsewidthchangesfrom6.78to3.65μswithamaximumcalculatedpulseenergyat0.77μJatapumppowerof1101mW.ThisworkmaybethefirstdemonstrationofCdSeQD-basedQ-switchinginanall-fiberconfigurationthatshouldgiveproportionalinsightintosemiconductorQDmaterialsinphotonicsapplications.
简介:Weexperimentallydemonstrateall-opticalclockrecoveryfor100Gb/sreturn-to-zeroon–offkeyingsignalsbasedonamonolithicdual-modedistributedBraggreflector(DBR)laser,whichcanrealizebothmodespacingandwavelengthtuning.Byusingacoherentinjectionlockingscheme,a100GHzopticalclockcanberecoveredwithatimingjitterof530fs,whichisderivedbyanopticalsamplingoscilloscopefromboththephasenoiseandthepowerfluctuation.Furthermore,fordegradedinjectionsignalswithanopticalsignal-to-noiseratioaslowas4.1dBanda25kmlongdistancetransmission,good-qualityopticalclocksareallsuccessfullyrecovered.
简介:Wedemonstrateanallfiberpassivelymode-lockedlaseremittingaradiallypolarizedbeambyusingafew-modefiberBragggratingtoachievemodeselectionandspectrumfiltering.Anoffsetsplicingofsingle-modefiberwithfour-modefiberisutilizedasamodecouplerinthelasercavity.Carbonnanotubesareintroducedintothelasercavityasthesaturableabsorbertoachieveself-startmodelocking.Thelaseroperatesat1547.5nmwithanarrowspectrumwidthof0.3nmat30dB.Theemittedmode-lockedpulseshaveadurationof22.73psandrepetitionof10.61MHz.Aradiallypolarizedbeamhasbeenobtainedwithhighmodepuritybyadjustingthepolarizationinthelasercavity.
简介:Wereportonanall-fiberoscillatorfollowedbyanall-fiberamplifiertoproduceasshortas382fslaserpulseswithupto0.9Waveragepower.Theoscillatorisanall-normal-dispersionall-fiberdissipativesolitonlaseroperatingat1030nm,andoperatingindissipativesolitonmode.Theamplifierstageismainlybasedonadouble-cladding20μmradiusytterbium-dopedfiberpumpedbyanupto2.5WCWlasersource.Theoptical-to-opticalconversionamplifierefficiencyisaround40%.Toourknowledge,thisisthefirstreportofanall-fibermode-lockedfiberlaseroscillatoramplifiedbyanall-fiberamplifier.
简介:All-opticaltwo-channelformatconversionisproposedandexperimentallydemonstratedfroma40Gbit/spolarizationmultiplexing(Pol-MUX)non-return-to-zeroquadraturephase-shiftkeying(QPSK)signaltoPol-MUXbinaryphase-shiftkeying(BPSK)signalsbyusingphase-doubledfour-wavemixingeffectswithtwopolarization-angledpumpsinasiliconwaveguide.TheeyediagramsandconstellationdiagramsoftheoriginalQPSKsequencesandtheconvertedBPSKsequencesofeachchannelareclearlyobservedonthetwopolarizationstates.Moreover,thebiterrorrates(BERs)ofthetwoconvertedidlersaremeasured.ThepowerpenaltiesofalltheseconvertedBPSKsequencesonbothXandYpolarizationstatesarelessthan3.4dBataBERof3.8×10-3.
简介:Wepresentanovelandsimplemethodtoobtainanultrawidefreespectralrange(FSR)siliconringresonatortogetherwithatuningrangecoveringtheentirespectrumfrom1500to1600nm.AringresonatorwithalargeFSRtogetherwithahighQfactor,hightuningefficiency,andlowfabricationcostandcomplexityisdesiredformanyapplications.Inthispaper,weintroduceanovelwaytomakesucharingresonator,whichtakesadvantageofthewell-knownresonance-splittingphenomenon.ItisasingleringresonatorwithanFSRofmorethan150nmaround1550nmandwhichhasaneasythermo-optictunabilitythatcanproduceatuningrangearound90nmorevenmore.Moreover,thedeviceissimpletoimplementandcanbefabricatedinstandardcomplementarymetal-oxidesemiconductortechnologywithoutrequiringanykindofcomplicatedprocessingorextramaterials.Thepotentialapplicationsincludesinglemodelasercavities,wavelengthdivisionmultiplexingfilters,(de)multiplexers,opticalsensors,andintegratedreflectors.
简介:摘要近年来,儿童肿瘤的发病率不断攀升,成为影响儿童生命健康的隐形杀手,由于缺乏对早期儿童肿瘤特点的认识了解,部分肿瘤发现已到中晚期,错失最佳治疗时机。因此,各级医务人员及儿童家庭成员要提高对儿童肿瘤相关疾病的认识度和关注度。