简介:一、创建与修葺塔院寺,原与显通寺为一庙。正式独立是明代后期的事情。明万历七年(1579年),出于国家政治上的需要,由皇太后李氏出面,派遣太监范江、李友等人。赴五台山维修护国佑民释迦文佛舍利宝塔,即今天的大白塔。历时三年,不仅大规模地修葺、装饰了大白塔,而且围绕大白塔进行了重新规划布局,“寺宇佛殿经楼,藏轮禅宝,罔不备焉”(《清凉山志》)。明万历十年(1582年)七月,功成,举行了盛大的落成典礼。从此,塔院寺的名称正式注册,宣布独立。这次大规模动工,“计费金钱,出自内帑”(《清凉山志》),具体数字,惜未能知。据守内明万历十年七月九日碑记,当时山西
简介:Anationallyrepresentativesampleof1640Chineseurbanadolescents(meanage=14.5years)andtheirparentsandteachersweresurveyedtoexaminetheassociationsbetweenrelationshipswithteachersandparentsandadolescents'developmentaloutcomessuchasacademicperformance,psychologicalwell-being,altruisticbehaviors,andmisconduct.Resultsshowedthatthequalityofadolescents'relationshipswithteacherswashighlycorrelatedwithadolescentoutcomes,inmostcasesmoresothanforrelationshipswithparents.Furthermore,suchassociationswerethesameacrossbothgendersandthreegradelevels.ThesefindingssuggestthatteachersmayplayanespeciallysignificantroleinChineseadolescentdevelopment.Thisstudyaddstothesmallbutgrowingliteratureontheimportanceofteachersaswellasothernon-parentaladultsinadolescentpsychosocialdevelopment.