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简介：InternationalJournalofClinicalCaseReports(IJCCR,ISSN1927-579X)isaninternational,openaccess,peerreviewedjournalpublishedonlinebyBioPublisher.Thejournalisconsideringallthelatestandoutstandingresearcharticles,lettersandreviewsinallaspectsofclinicalcase,containingclinicalmedicinewhichadvancegeneralmedicalknowledge;theeventinthecourseofobservingortreatingapatient;newvariationsindiseaseprocesses;aswellastheexpandsthefieldofclinicalrelatingtocasereports.Authorsfromlow-incomecountriesandareasorhavingfinancialdifficultiescanapplythediscountforAPCuponsubmission,andiftheauthorsarequalifiedtobewaivedtheydon’tnecessarilypaytheAPC.Wedonotwantfeestopreventthepublicationofworthy

简介：Thepaperreviewedthereferencesofcarbonsequenceandoxygenreleaseofforestresources.Thedynasticphysicalaccountingmodelisestablished,andbenefittransfermodelisadoptedtocalculatewillingtopayforcarbonsequenceandoxygen.BengheForestryFarmofLinyiPrefectureofShandongProvinceisselectedasthecasestudyarea,theaccountingresultispresentedinthepaper.

简介：Treesarethemainelementsinurbanforestconstruction,andtheirapplicationdirectlyreflectstheconstructionlevelofurbanforest.Twocities,HarbinandHefei,wereselectedasrepresentativemiddlecitiesinthisarticle.Theapplicationoftreespecieswasanalyzedbycontrastinurbanforestconstruction,andtheirapplicationinHefei'sdifferentlandtypeswasstressed.Basedonthis,theapplicationoftreespecieswasfurtherdiscussedduringtheprocessofurbanforestconstructioninChinaThusitprovidedreferencesforthenationalurbanforestconstruction.

简介：Thepaperreviewedthebackgroundofpublic-privatepartnership(PPP)development,describedPPPconcept,characteristicsandbasicmodels,andanalyzedthenecessityandfeasibilitytodeveloplanddegradationcontrolPPP.ThentheexperiencesthatElionResourcesGroupinInnerMongoliahasaccumulatedinKubuqiDesertcontrolanddevelopmentaswellastherevelationsweresummarizedwiththehopetoprovidereferenceforestablishinglanddegradationcontrolPPPinaridareaofwesternregion.

简介：ＡＴＹＰＩＣＡＬＣＡＳＥＯＦＧＥＴＴＩＮＧＲＩＣＨＩＮＭＯＵＮＴＡＩＮＯＵＳＡＲＥＡ──ＮｏｔｅｓｏｎＹａｎｇｇａｎｇｊｉｎｇＶｉｌｌａｇｅＳｏｃｉａｌＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＢｙＨｅＰｅｉｋｕｎ；ＣａｏＱｉｎｇｌｉｎｇ；ＧａｏＬｉｎｎｉｎｇ；ＳｈｉＴｉｎｇ...

简介：Greeninfrastructureisclassicpublicgoodswhichcanbeutilizedbyeverybodysimultaneouslyatanytimeoftheday.Greeninfrastructurewhichistheinterconnectedsystemofgreenspacesthatconservesnaturalecosystemvaluesandfunctions,sustainscleanairandwater,notonlyprovideapleasantandnaturalenvironmentbutalsocontributetoimprovingqualityoflifeinurbanareas.Inotherwordsgreeninfrastructureisthecommunity'snaturallifesupportsystemandtheecologicalframeworkneededforenvironmentalandeconomicsustainabilityinurbanareas.Withinthiscontext,thispaperoffersanoverviewofgreeninfrastructuredevelopmentinMalaysia,itsstatus,constraint,potentialandfuturedirections.ThecasestudyofKualaLumpurcity,whichisoneofthefastestgrowingcitiesinthecountry,highlightsthescenarioofurbanareasdevelopmentinMalaysia.Thisincludestheroleplayedbythegovernmentagenciesandnon-governmentorganizationsindevelopingandpromotingforestareasaspublicparks.Theprovisionsofrecreationalandeducationalfacilitiesintheparksaswellastheprotectionmeasuresoftheresourcesundertakenbyrelevantauthoritiesarealsodiscussed.Thispaperalsohighlightstheresponseofthepublictotheopportunitiesbeingprovidedintheseareasforrecreationandeducationpurposes.

简介：WeusedagoalprogrammingtechniquetodeterminetheoptimalharvestvolumefortheIranianCaspianforest.Wecollecteddataincludingvolume,growth,woodpriceatforestroadside,andvariableharvestingcosts.Theallometricmethodwasusedtoquantifysequestratedcarbon.Regressionanalysiswasusedtoderivegrowthmodels.Expectedmeanpricewasestimatedusingwoodpriceandvariableharvestingcosts.Questionnairewasusedtodeterminetheconstraintsandtheequationcoefficientsofthegoalprogrammingmodel.Theoptimalvolumewasdeterminedusingthegoalprogrammingmethodaccordingtomultipurposeforestmanagement.LINGOsoftwarewasusedforanalysis.Resultsindicatedthattheoptimumvolumesofspecieswere250.25m3?ha-1forbeech,59m3?ha-1forhornbeam,73m3?ha-1foroak,41m3?ha-1foralder,and32m3?ha-1forotherspecies.Thetotaloptimumvolumeis455.25m3?ha-1.

简介：Theforestecosystemgoodsandservicesandthenaturalcapitalstocksthatproducethemmakegreatcontributiontonationaleconomyandhumanwelfarebothdirectlyandindirectly.ThispaperevaluatestheeconomicvalueofnaturalcapitalstockandtheannualoutputflowofforestecosystemgoodsandservicestakingQingdaoCityanditseightdistrictsascasestudy.Theresultsofthevaluationstudyshowed,thatthestockvalueofforestnaturalcapitalofQingdaowasRMB13.46billionattheendof2007...

简介：ThiscasestudyoutlinestheproblemsfacedbythepeoplesoftheHexiCorridor.Theseproblemsareseriousandurgent,andarerepresentativeofthosefacedbyothercommunitiesrightacrosswesternChina.Therootcausesareoutlinedandsomeremediesaresuggested.ThepracticalmeasuresproposedunderChina'sNationalActionPlantoCombatDesertificationaredescribedanddiscussed.

简介：SongRong(i.e.Matsutake,Tricholomamatsutake)isthemostfavoriteediblemushroominJapanandrestrictedlydistributesinforestsinEastAsia.TheyieldofSongRong,however,hasbeenextremelydroppingsince1940'sintheregionduetochangesofenvironmentalecologyofnatureforests.Asacompensationforconsumption,JapanimportedproductsofT.matsutakefromKoreaandChina,andT.magnivelarefromNorthAmericasincemid-1970s,butT.matsutakestiliaccountsforalargeportionofthe...

简介：沼泽地有巨大的贫穷战斗潜力并且在尼日利亚，越来越多的人依赖于为他们的生计的沼泽地。检验在尼日利亚为农业影响沼泽地利用的当前的地位的社会因素，一种简单随机的采样技术被用来选择栽培沼泽地的200个农民，一张结构化的问询表被使用在社会因素上得到信息。收集的数据用频率和百分比被描述，多重回归分析被用来识别是沼泽地利用的决定因素的重要变量。分析的结果证明重要变量包括了庄稼偏爱，耕作系统，文化，味道，陆地任期，沼泽地耕作的知识，察觉的适用性，农民的部落，沼泽地的地点，和农民的年龄。让政策，公共了解，和适当耕作方法的正确联合以便在尼日利亚改进沼泽地利用与建议被结束。

简介：ThedeforestationonlargescaleintheupperreachesofYangtzeRiverhascausedseriousproblemsofecosystemandenvironment.Restorationofthedegeneratedforestecosystemsisoneofthemainresearchfields.TakingGonggaMountainasanexample,degenerationfeaturesandexistingproblemsofforestecosystemsareanalyzedinthispaper,andthemeasuresarealsoproposed.

简介：Background:Thedistributionofforestvegetationwithinurbanenvironmentsiscriticallyimportantasitinfluencesurbanenvironmentalconditionsandtheenergyexchangethroughtheabsorptionofsolarradiationandmodulationofevapotranspiration.Italsoplaysanimportantrolefilteringurbanwatersystemsandreducingstormwaterrunoff.Methods:WeinvestigatethecapacityofALSdatatoindividuallydetect,mapandcharacterizelarge(tallerthan15m)treeswithintheCityofVancouver.LargetreesarecriticalforthefunctionandcharacterofVancouver'surbanforest.WeusedanobJect-basedapproachforindividualtreedetectionandsegmentationtodeterminetreelocations(positionofthestem),todelineatetheshapeofthecrownsandtocategorizethelattereitherasconiferousordeciduous.Results:Resultsindicateadetectionrateof76.6%fortrees>15mwithapositioningerrorof2.11m(stemlocation).ExtractedtreeheightspossessedaRMSEof2.60mandabiasof-1.87m,whereascrowndiameterwasderivedwithaRMSEof3.85mandabiasof-2.06m.Missedtreesareprincipallyaresultofundetectedtreetopsoccurringindense,overlappingcanopieswithmoreaccuratedetectionanddelineationoftreesinopenareas.Conclusion:ByidentifyingkeystructuraltreesacrossVancouver'surbanforests,wecanbetterunderstandtheirroleinprovidingecosystemgoodsandservicesforcityresidents.

简介：Wetlandsoilqualitydegradationcausedbylarge-scaleagriculturalreclamationontheSanjiangPlainofNortheastChinahasbeenwidelyreported.Arelativesoilqualityevaluation(RSQE)modelandaprojectionpursuitevaluation(PPE)modelbasedonreal-codedacceleratinggeneticalgorithmwereintroducedtoevaluatequalityvariationsintoplayersofthemainwetlandsoilsontheSanjiangPlainin1999and2003,respectively.Assoilqualitydegradationboundarieswerevague,thisstudyestablishedtwofuzzysyntheticevaluation(FSE)modelsbasedontheoriginaldataandcriteriausedintheRSQEandPPEmodels.TheoutputsofthetwoFSEmodelswereobtainedbychoosingtwofuzzycompositeoperatorsM(∧,∨)andM(·,⊕).StatisticalanalysisshowedthattheresultsoftheFSE,RSQE,andPPEmodelswerecorrelated.Inparticular,outputsoftheFSEmodelusingM(·,⊕)weresignificantlycorrelatedwiththoseoftheRSQEmodelwithr=0.989atP<0.01.ComparedwithRSQEandPPEmodels,theFSEmodelmaybemoreobjectiveinshowingsoilqualityvariationsandwasclosertothenaturalsituation,showingthefeasibilityandapplicabilityoftheFSEmodelinevaluatingsoilqualitydegradation.However,thechoiceofcompositeoperatorwasofcriticalimportance.ThestudyofwetlandsoilqualitydegradationontheSanjiangPlainwasofscientificandpracticalsignificanceforprotectionandmanagementofsoilsandforsustainabledevelopmentofagricultureinthisareainthefuture.

简介：粘贴的性质在淀粉的最重要的特征之中，决定它在食物处理和另外的工业的应用。粘贴温度源于快速的Visco分析器(RVA)(Newport科学)在大多数情况中，被Thermocline为Windows过高估计软件节目。这里，便于由RVA粘贴温度的精确测量的二个方法被描述。一个人到变化参数设定到“屏幕”粘贴的粘性开始增加的真点，其它将手工地记录粘贴的粘性开始与公式增加并且计算粘贴的温度的时间(T1)(45/3.8)为米饭的x(T1-1)+50面粉。后者方法给了显著地与gelatinization被相关的手工地坚定的粘贴温度微分扫描caiorimetry测量的温度。

简介：Forestsareamongthemostimportantcarbonsinksonearth.However,theircomplexstructureandvastareasprecludeaccurateestimationofforestcarbonstocks.Datasetsfromforestmonitoringusingadvancedsatelliteimageryarenowusedininternationalpolicyagreements.DatasetsenabletrackingofemissionsofCO2intotheatmospherecausedbydeforestationandothertypesofland-usechanges.TheaimofthisstudyistodeterminethecapabilityofSPOT-HRGSatellitedatatoestimateabovegroundcarbonstockinadistrictofDarabkolaresearchandtrainingforest,Iran.Preprocessingtoeliminateorreducegeometricerrorandatmosphericerrorwereperformedontheimages.Usingclustersampling,165sampleplotsweretaken.Of165plots,81wereinnaturalhabitats,and84wereinforestplantations.Followingthecollectionofgrounddata,biomassandcarbonstockswerequantifiedforthesampleplotsonaperhectarebasis.Nonparametricregressionmodelssuchassupportvectorregressionwereusedformodelingpurposeswithdifferentkernelsincludinglinear,sigmoid,polynomial,andradialbasisfunction.Theresultsshowedthatathird-degreepolynomialwasthebestmodelfortheentirestudiedareashavinganrootmeansquareerror,biasandaccuracy,respectively,of38.41,5.31,and62.2;42.77,16.58,and57.3%forthebestpolynomialfornaturalforest;and44.71,2.31,and64.3%forafforestation.Overall,theseresultsindicatethatSPOTHRGsatellitedataandsupportvectormachinesareusefulforestimatingabovegroundcarbonstock.