简介:文章对杭州临安市社会福利中心、杭州市社会福利中心、杭州第二社会福利院、杭州西湖区社会福利中心4家养老机构户外绿地使用状况进行问卷调查发现:户外花园的可接近性影响老年人的使用频率;老年人在花园中最喜欢的活动为散步和闲聊,常以2~5人的小团体展开活动;花园中吸引老年人停留的场所具有宜人的小气候条件、充足舒适的坐憩设施以及优美的风景等特点,而缺乏无障碍设计和坐憩设施则会阻止老年人停留;老年人喜欢花园中种植开花、结果的植物,喜欢红色、粉色、橘色和黄色等鲜艳花卉,喜欢欣赏花朵较大的、成片种植的花卉。针对调查结果提出对应的设计建议,为杭州地区养老环境和其他地区的养老环境建设提供参考与借鉴。
简介:2011年以来海安县畜牧兽医站推广鸡新城疫低毒力活疫苗(ZM10株),开展免疫效果比较试验等研究工作,制定出综合免疫程序、疫苗免疫操作规范、消毒技术、饲养管理技术等鸡新城疫综合防控技术,并在全县范围进行大面积推广应用,新城疫的动态免疫密度一直保持在100%,六年来全县鸡新城痍发病率、死亡率显著下降,获得较高的经济社会效益。
简介:Background:Forestmanagementstrategiessuchasthinninghavelongbeenusedtoenhanceecosystemfunctions,especiallyinplantations.Thinninginplantationswithhighdeerdensity,however,maynotyieldadesiredincreaseinunderstoryvegetationbecausedeergrazeongerminatingplantsafterthinning.Here,weexaminethechangesinunderstoryvegetationafterthinninginplantationsthathavebeenovergrazedbysikadeertoprovideinsightintotheeffectsofthinningonecosystemfunctionssuchassoilconservationandbiologicaldiversity.Methods:WeconductedoursurveyintheTanzawaMountainsofeasternJapan.Wesurveyedthechangeinunderstoryvegetationwithinandoutsideofthreedeerexclosuresonasingleslopewiththreelevelsofunderstoryvegetationcover:sparse(1%,exclosure'US'),moderate(30%,exclosure'MM'),anddense(80%,exclosure'LD')over10yearsaftera30%thinningofanold-growthcedarandcypressplantationwhichwasovergrazedbysikadeer.Results:Understoryvegetationcover,biomassandspeciesrichnessincreasedwithinandoutsidethe'US'and'MM'exclosuresafterthinning,andbiomasswasgreaterwithinthanoutsidetheexclosuresat10yearsafterthinning.Unpalatablespeciesdominatedboth'US'and'MM'exclosuresbeforethinning,andtreesandshrubsdominatedwithintheexclosuresovertimeafterthinning.Incontrast,unpalatable,grazing-tolerant,perennial,andannualspeciesincreasedoutsidethe'US'and'MM'exclosures.Nonoticeablechangeswereobservedwithinandoutsidethe'LD'exclosurewhencomparedwiththe'US'and'MM'exclosures.Conclusions:Ourresultssuggestthatthinningastandby30%basedonvolumeresultedinanincreaseinunderstoryvegetationcovermainlycomposedofbothunpalatableandgrazing-tolerantspeciesinaplantationforestwhereunderstoryvegetationissparseormoderateandsikadeerdensityishigh.Weemphasizethatestablishingdeerexclosuresorcontrollingdeerisessentialtomaintainingsimilarunderstoryvegetationbothwit