简介:Twopotexperimentswithacompletelyrandomdesignand4replicationswereperformedinagreenhousetoexaminetheresponsedifferenceof17cultivarsofpakchoi(BrassicachinensisL.)growninaCu-spikedandacleansoiltoCu.relativelytolerant.Whenthe17cultivarsofpakchoigrewincleangardensoil,theCuconcentrationsintheabovegroundpartwerepositivelycorrelated(r=0.6693)withtheirrootCuconcentrations.However,whentheygrewintheCu-spikedsoilahighlynegativecorrelationcoefficient(r=-0.5376)wasobtainedintheCuconcentrationbetweentheabovegroundpartandtheroot.ThismeantthattheCutolerantcultivarshadaweakabilitytotransferCufromtheirroottotheirabovegroundpart,andthereforestoredmuchmoreCuintheirrootthantheCusensitivecultivars.
简介:将啤酒废酵母制成一种新型的生物吸附剂,用于吸附重金属离子铜。研究了不同温度、时间、pH值,以及铜离子浓度和酵母浓度条件下,啤酒废酵母对Cu^2+的吸附能力。初步确定了啤酒废酵母对Cu^2+吸附的最佳组合,即吸附温度为35℃,吸附时间为55min,起始pH值为5,酵母的质量浓度为1g/L,Cu^2+质量浓度为22mg/L,在此条件下啤酒废酵母对Cu^2+吸附率可达到90.00%左右。通过L16(4^5)正交实验表明,Cu^2+质量浓度和pH值是影响啤酒废酵母吸附铜离子能力的显著因素。对吸附了铜离子的啤酒酵母进行解吸实验,表明在浓度为1mol/L的HCl中,其解吸率为55.00%,与1mol/L的NaOH和去离子水相比,有较高的解吸率。
简介:Inapreviousgreenhouseexperiment,weshowedthattherewasaninteractionbetweencuandZn,whichaffectedgrowthandmetaluptakebyyoungbarleyplantsgrownonsoiltowhichCd,Cu,Pb,andZnhadbeenadded.Wesuggestedthattheunderlyingmechanismwasthecontroloftheamountofplant-availableZnbycompetitiveadsorptionbetweenCuandZn,Inordertotestthishypothesis,theadsorptionofZnalone,andinthepresenceofaddedCd,CuandPb,hasbeenmeasuredusingthesamesoil.Followingadsorption,theextractabilityoftheZninCaCl2solutionwasmeasured.TheadsorptionisothermsshowedthatoftheaddedmetalsonlyCuhadalargeeffectonZnadsorption.TheeffectofCuwastoreduceZnadsoptionandtoincreasetheamountofCaCl2-extractable(i.e.plant-available)Zn,inagreementwiththeconclusionsfromthegreenhouseexperiment.ThemagnitudeoftheeffectofCuonplant-avalilableZnwassimilarinbothexperiments.
简介:建立起HNO3-H2O2-HF体系微波消解前处理样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP—MS)同时测定土壤中的铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、铊(Tl)、铅(Pb)6种重金属元素含量的方法。该方法的相关系数在0.9996~1.000,相对标准偏差在0.669%~3.02%,加标回收率为94.68%~115.5%,检出限为2.004~312.4ng/L,结果表明该方法满足重金属分析的要求。用建立起的方法测定了来自湖南、湖北、云南、贵州、河南、福建、辽宁7个省45个产区烟田土壤中的Cr、Ni、Cu、As、田和Pb6种重金属元素含量;与对应烟叶中的6种重金属含量相比,聚类分析结果表明不同省区间土壤中的重金属含量无明显差异,而烟叶中却差异明显。
简介:TheadsorptionkineticsofPb^2+ondifferentsoilsandmineralswithvariablechargeswasstudiedbythetwoion-selectiveelectrodetechniqueatdifferentpHandconcentrations.Theresultsshowedthatmorethan95%ofadsorptiononallthesamplesoccurredduringthefirst5minutes.Alladsorptiontime-dependentdatacouldfitthesurfacesecond-orderequationverywell.ThevaluesofXmweregoethite>kaolinite,andlatosol>redsoilatthesameinitialreactionconcentration.Thevaluesofkwerekaolinite>>goethite,andlatosol>redsoilatthesamereactionpHandinitialconcentration.ThehigherthesuspensionpH,thefastertheadsorptionoccurred.ThemeaningofXmgotbythetwoion-selectiveelectrodetechnique(onekindofbatchtechnique)wasdifferentfromthatbythemiscibledisplacementtechniqueinthattheformerwasonlytheequilibriumadsorptionamountatadefiniteconcentrationandpH,butthelatterwasalmostequaltotheadsorptioncapacityatadefinitepHwithmuchlessinfluenceofconcentration.OnePb^2+wassupposedtooccupytwoadsorptionsitesastheadsorptionmechanismisconcerned.