简介：为了从期刊文献的学科属性实现族性检索，为文章的分类统计创造条件，本刊2005起均对具有文献标识码的文章采用《中国图书馆分类法》（第四版）进行分类后。标识分类号文章一般标识1个分类号，多个主题的文章可标识2个或3个分类号；主分类号排在第一位，多个分类号之间应以分号分隔。希望有条件查询的作者在来稿时自行标明中图分类号。

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简介：脑电地形图目前分为以下三种,现简介如下:一、自发脑电空间电位分布图(EEGTopography)它主要描记在安静状态下皮层电活动的电位分布状态。即通常所指的脑电地形图(BrainAtlas)或脑电活动地形图(BrainElectricalActivityMapping)。二、诱发电位地形图(EvokedPotentialTopography)

简介：Objective:Tosummarizethereconstructionexperienceoftheelectricalinjuriesinemergency.Methods:All309woundsin105patientswhosufferedfromelectricalinjurieswerereviewedduringa10yearperiodfromJan.1st1986toDec.31st,1996.Treatmentmethod,patientdataandresultswerecomparedandanalyzed.Acomprehensiveurgentreconstructionalternativeusedinallcasesincludedthefollowings,1)debridingthewoundinemergency,2)preservingthevitaltissuesasmuchaspossible,evendevitalizedtissuesorlocalnecrosis,3)transplantingthesevitaltissuesduringthefirstsurgeryifthefunctionalreconstructionrequired,4)nourishingthewoundbedbytissueflapscoveringwithrichbloodsupply,5)improvingflapsurvivalbycontinuousirrigationfor24-720hoursbeneaththeflapswithacompoundmedicineaftersurgery.Results:Satisfactoryresultswereobtainedwiththeextremitylossratiooflessthan7%inthisgroupcomparedwith42.5%whichwas10yearsbefore1984inthesamehospital.Conclusions:Thisurgentcomprehensivereconstructionalternativeisaneffectiveandworkablemethodforreducingextremitylossofelectricalinjuries.

简介：Objective:Toevaluatetheclinicalefficacyofgreateromentuminreconstructionofrefractorywounds.Methods:FromAugust1988toMay2001,20patientswithrefractorywoundunderwentpedicleormicrovascularfreetransferofthegreateromentum.Indicationsofsurgerywereelectricalinjuryofthewristandhandin9patients,electricalinjuryofthescalpandcranialbonesin3,avulsioninjuryofthescalpin2,radiation-relatedulcerofthechestwallin2,ulcerandosteomyelitisfollowingresectionofthesternumsarcomain1,electricalinjuryoftheabdomenin1,boneandsofttissuedefectsfollowingcompoundfractureofthelegin1,andextensivescarandulcerofthelegandfootdropfollowingtraumain1.Severeinfectionandextensivetissuenecrosiswerepresentpriortosurgicaloperationin12patients.Elevenpatientsweretreatedwithpedicledomentalflaps,and9patientswithfreeomentalflaps.Thesizeoftheomentalflapsrangedfrom20cm×12cmto38cm×23cm.Results:Alltheomentalflapssurvived.Healingatthefirstintentionofthewoundswasachievedin17cases.Theon-topskingraftsresultedinpartialnecrosisoflipidliquefactiondevelopedintheomentumandhealedwithdressingchangein2cases.Asinustractofosteomyelitisoccurredinonecaseandhealedafterdelayedexcisionofthenecrosedbone.Follow-upstudyofallcasesfrom3to24monthsshowednorecurrentwoundsandpost-operativeabdominalcomplication.Recoverywithacceptableappearanceandrestorationoffunctionwassatisfactory.Conclusions:Greateromentumprovidesawell-vascularizedtissuewithlymphaticductsforwoundcoverage.Ithasstrongresistanceagainstinfection.Itisverymalleableandcanbemoldedeasily.Thereforeitisanidealtissueinfillingcavitiesandrepairingdefects,especiallyincoveringlargeandirregulardefectsthatcannotbetreatedwithskinormuscleflaps.

简介：1991年10月至2002年6月,我院对643例原发性或转移性肝癌患者行无水乙醇瘤内注射治疗,取得良好效果.现报告如下:

简介：ObjectiveToreportutilityofMedporframeworksinauricularreconstructionandmanagementofframeworksprotrusion.MethodsRetrorespectivelyanalysisofclinicalinformationin31patientswhounderwentauricularreconstructionfromApril2000toOctober2002.ResultsAll31reconstructedauricleswereingoodconditionattwoweekspostoperatively.Frameworkprotrusionoccurredlaterin11patients.Theframeworkwasretainedin8ofthesecasesaftersecondaryrepair,buthadtoberemovedin3patients.In27patients,thereconstructedauriclewasratedasestheticallysuccesful.ConclusionMedporframeworkprotrusionislikelytooccurwhenskintensionishighwithminimalsofttissuecoverageovertheframeworkandcanresultfromimpactbystrongexternalforce.Despitetheconcernofprotrusion,Medporframeworkscanbeusedinplaceofautologouscartilaginousgraftinauricularreconstruction.

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简介：ＩＶＣＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＤＯＧＳＷＩＴＨＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＧＯＵＳＶＥＮＯＵＳＦＲＡＧＭＥＮＴＳＩＶＣＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＤＯＧＳＷＩＴＨＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＧＯ...

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简介：Objective:ToevaluateandcomparethediagnosticvalueinatlantoaxialsubluxationbyCTthree-dimensional(3D)reconstruction.Methods:3Dreconstructionfimdingsof41patientswithatlantoaxiaisubluxationwereretrospectivelyanalyzed,andcomparisonsweremadeamongimagesoftransversesection,multiplanarreformorting(MPR),surfaceshadedisplay(SSD),maximumintensityproject(MIP),andvolumerendering(VR).Results:Of41patientswithatlantoaxialsubluxation,31belongedtorotarydislocation,5antedislocation,and5hinddislocation.Allthecasesshowedthedislocatedjointpanelofatlantoaxialarticulation.Fifteencasesshoweddeviationoftheodontoidprocessand8caseswideneddistancebetweenthedensandanteriorarchoftheatlas.ThedislocatedjointpanelofatlantoaxialarticulationwasmoreclearlyseenwithSSD-3Dimagingthananyothermethods.Conclusions:AtlantoaxialsubluxationcanwellbediagnosedbyCT3Dreconstruction,inwhichSSD-3Dimagingisoptimal.

简介：Inrecentyears,thevolumetricapproachof3Dreconstructionhasemergedasapowerfulclinicmethodforbiomedicalapplications.Thisapproachisbasedonavoxelrepresentedobjectwhichmaintainsmanydetailsofthesurfaceandtheinternalcon-structuresoftheoriginalbody.Becauseofahugeamountofdata,thevolumedatasettakesalargesizeofmemory,andahighprocessingspeedisrequiredinorderto

简介：客观：由使用不同拍动和外部fixators探索严重的胫骨的柄破裂的重建的一个好方法。方法：有42.5年的平均年龄的TypeIIIC胫骨的柄破裂的85个病人从1990to2005在我们的医院里被对待。损害被摩托车事故在66个病人引起，由在16patients的机器事故，并且由在3个病人的石头伤痕。管理过程由抗菌素的管理组成了，连续debridment，骨头grafting如果需要，不同拍动的申请例如免费thoracoumbilical拍动，fasciocutaneous拍动，saphenousneurocutaneous脉管的拍动，suralneurocutaneous脉管的拍动和gastrocnemius肌肉发达的拍动，和不同外部固定，例如一半戒指fixators，单方的轴的动态fixators，AOfixators，Weifangfixators，和混合fixators。一般水准列在后面在上面是6.3年。结果：所有拍动幸存。83个盒子把骨头愈合。平均骨头不同外部固定的愈合的时间是在有一半戒指fixators的47种情况中的5.5个月，在与单方的轴的动态fixators对待的4种情况中的9.2个月，在有AOfixators的6种情况中的8.5个月，在有Weifangfixators的16种情况中的10.7个月，并且在有集会fixators的10种情况中的7.8个月。除了一半戒指固定，另外的固定都需要必要骨头接枝。二个盒子与骨头不属于工会、开发的单方的轴的动态fixatorshad对待骨髓炎。创伤由灰浆在thefixators和固定的移动以后愈合了。最后在显示出的检查上面列在后面脚关节和膝运动是正常的，没有疼痛被注意。结论：一半戒指的联合有各种各样的拍动的外部fixators为类型IIIC胫骨的柄破裂提供好结果。

简介：客观：当在骨头织物工程(TE)和有钛蜂窝胃的公山羊的mandible的部分缺点的修理的脚手架增强了，调查使用自然poritos的可行性。方法：有在大约50%-65%的尺寸和孔的190-230μm的一个毛孔的自然poritos被塑造进小粒的形状5公里x5公里x在尺寸的5尼姑。扩展的自体同源的公山羊的髓间充质的干细胞被recombinant导致人的形态基因的protein-2(rhBMP2)到改进osteoblastic显型。然后，髓导出造骨细胞在4x10~7/ml的密度被播种进poritos并且在培植以前在vitro孵化了48个小时。然后，osteoblasticcells/poritos建筑群被植入进mandible的缺点，缺点被钛蜂窝胃增强。poritos的培植独自扮演了著名计算机生产厂商他控制。骨头新生被估计4，8，在用roentgenographicanalysis和组织学的观察的培植以后的16个星期在16个星期以后被做。结果：新骨头能是observedhistologically在表面上并且在在在cell-seedinggroup的所有标本的自然珊瑚的毛孔，而在控制组没有在构造的中心的成骨过程的证据。结果证明新骨头接枝16个星期成功地在培植以后被恢复。结论：当与髓移植的支架材料由TE方法导出造骨细胞，这研究建议使用多孔的珊瑚的可行性。借助于钛蜂窝胃加强，mandible的缺点能成功地被恢复。它显示出在诊所为骨头缺点的重建使用这个方法的潜力。

简介：Objective:Toanalyzethehistologicalresultsandthebiologicalremodelingofligamentousinsertionafterthereconstructionofanteriorcruciateligament(ACL)withautograftorallografttendon.Methods:ExtensordigitorumtendonwasharvestedfromhindlimbasgraftmaterialandtransplantedtoreconstructtheresectedACLin12mongreldogs.Eachfreetendonendwassecuredbyholdingsuturesandthenthesuturesweretiedtothepostscrewatthefemoralandtibialbonytunneloutletaftertransplantationrespectively.Autograftwasrandomlyperformedononesideofkneewhileallograftontheothersideofknee.Aftertransplantation,thehistologicalanalysiswasundertakenatthe6th,12thweeksandthe6thmonthusinghematoxylin-eosin(HE)stainunderlightmicroscope.Results:TheinsertionstructureofnormalACLtypicallyconsistedoffourlayers,i.e.,denseconnectivetissue,fibrocartilage,mineralizedfibrocartilageandbone.Therewasadistinctregulartidemarklinebetweenfibrocartilageandmineralizedfibrocartilage.Atthe6thweekpostoperativcly,looseconnectivetissuepresentedintheinterspacebetweengraftandbonytunnelwallinbothautograftandallograftgroups.Atthe12thweekpostoperatively,thecollagenousfibersbetweenautograftandtunnelwallbecamewellorganizedandthefourlayersofinsertionwithdiscontinuoustidemarklineweredemonstratedindistinctlyinautograftgroupbutnotinallograftgroup.Atthe6thmonthpostoperatively,bothofaclearandcontinuoustidemarklineanddistinctfourlayerscouldbeseeninautograftgroup.Inallograftgroup,onlyawaveddiscontinuoustidemarklinewasshownandeithertheanatomicmorphologyorthematurityofinsertionwasinferiortothatofautograftgroup.Conclusions:Atthe6thmonthpostoperatively,althoughtheligament-cartilageinsertionisprimarilyformedafterACLreconstructionwithautograftorallografttendon,thehistologicalmorphologyandthematurationofinsertionofautografttendonar

简介：第三条任何单位和个人不得歧视艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人及其家属。艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人及其家属享有的婚姻、就业、就医、入学等合法权益受法律保护。

简介：2001年7月20日，我国卫生部批准《结核病分类》为中华人民共和国卫生行业标准(WS196-2001)，其内容如下：

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