简介：InspiteofthecurrentprevalenceoftheCVD-basedprocesses,theelectricarcremainsaninterestingprocessforthesynthesisofcarbonnanoforms,thankstoitsversatility,robustnessandeasiness.Italsoallowsperformingin-situsubstitutionofcarbonatomsbyhetero-elementsinthegraphenelattice.Ourworkaimstoestablishacorrelationbetweentheplasmaproperties,typeandchemicalcomposition(andthesubstitutionrate)oftheobtainedsingle-wallcarbonnanotubes.TheplasmawascharacterizedbyopticalemissionspectroscopyandtheproductswereanalyzedbyhighresolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscopyandcorelevelElectronEnergy-LossSpectroscopy(EELS).Resultsshowthatahighboroncontentleadstoaplasmatemperaturedecreaseandhinderstheformationofnanotubes.Thiseffectcanbecompensatedbyincreasingthearccurrentand/oryttriumcontent.Theoptimalconditionsforthesynthesisofboron-and/ornitrogen-substitutednanotubescorrespondtoahighaxialplasmatemperatureassociatedtoastrongradialgradient.EELSanalysisconfirmedthattheboronincorporatesintothegraphemelattice.

简介：我国在核能发展的政策制定、规划研究等方面基本采用专家座谈会的方法进行研究,本文采用德尔菲法对我国未来核能发展趋势进行判断.本文对德尔菲法做了适当改进,包括邀请专家集中打分、事先设计好调查因素并在数据处理时增加了专家权威程度权重因子进行数据矫正.改进后的德尔菲法继承了其匿名性、反馈性、趋同性的主要优点,避免了改进前耗时长和调查问卷回收率低等缺点.共邀请20位有代表性的权威专家通过四轮调查之后,专家意见逐渐趋同,确定了28个影响我国核能发展的主要因素,并成功判断出14个为“十三五”期间促进我国核能发展的正面因素和14个阻碍我国“十三五”期间核能发展的负面因素.得出了“十三五”期间,我国核能发展将达到或略好于预定目标的结论,并总结了德尔菲法在我国核能发展的复杂情况下成功应用的三个关键.