简介：1.TheState:GeneralConsiderationsScholarshavelongbeinginterestedinthestateandtherunningofit.Amongthem,therewerephilosophers,historians,sociologistsandanthropologists.WemaygoasfarbackastoConfuciusandLaoTze,ortotheGreekphilosophersPlatoandAristotle1,andifwewanttostayclosertoourtime,wecanmentiontheItalianpoliticalscientistMachiavelli,whowroteinthe16thcenturyIlPrincipe(ThePrince),

简介：WhataretheoriginsoftheverydistinctiveancientChinesebronzes?ThequestionhaslongbeendebatedamongscholarsandthispaperattemptstoinvestigatethisdifficultanddemandingquestionbyexploringtheearlymetalobjectsdiscoveredthrougharchaeologythroughoutChina.Theterm‘earlymetals’referstoallpre-Shang(pre-16thcenturyBCE)metalobjectsfoundinChinathataremadeofpurecopper(hongtong红铜,Cu),brass(huangtong黄铜,Cu-Zn),arseniccopper(shentong砷铜,Cu-As)andbronze(qingtong青铜).Theterm‘bronzes'(qingtongqi)refersspecificallytothosedistinctivepiecesmadeofcopper-tin(Cu-Sn),copper-lead(Cu-Pb)andcopper-tin-lead(Cu-Sn-Pb)alloys.

简介：ProfessorXiaNai(1910-1985)wasaprominentChinesearchaeologistofsubstantialscholarlyachievement.HeisgenerallyregardedastheleaderofarchaeologicalmattersofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,andoneoftheimportantfoundersofmodernChinesearchaeology.Hisgreatacademicachievementsgavehimhighprestigeinacademiccirclesbothathomeandabroad.XiaNaiwasbornon7February1910,inWenzhou,Zhejianprovinceanddiedon19June1985inBeijing.InmodernChina,XiaNaiwasapioneer...

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简介：Ⅰ.INTRODUCTIONANDBACKGROUNDIntheintroductionofherrecentbookonUr-NammaintheSumerianliterarytradition,E.Flckiger-HawkeroffersacomprehensiveaccountandsummaryofthepreviousscholarshipofthecomplicatedpoliticalhistorybetweenthefalloftheAkkadianempireandthebeginningoftheUrⅢperiod.Fromthisaccount,itbecomesclearthatthisscholarshipprimarilyreliesonvariousinterpretationsof

简介：TwoyearsagoIhadachancetoreadfourunpublishedSumeriantextsnewlyhousedintheOkayamaOrientMuseum,Okayama-shi,Japan.WiththegenerouspermissionofProf.Dr.TaksahiTANIICHI,DirectorGeneraloftheMuseum,Iofferthreeofthetextsbelow.

简介：TherelationshipbetweenEgyptandPalestinecanbetracedbacktotheChalcolithicAgethankstotheevidenceofcurrentexcavationsintheNileDeltaandSinal.PalestinianpotteryandcastmetalobjectsfromtheDeltasitesofMaadi,MinshatAbuOmar,andelsewherehaveprovedcontactswithPalestineinProtodynastic(NagadaⅡ-Ⅲ)times.TheEgyptianProtodynasticPeriodandDynasty1werecontemporarywiththePalestinianEBⅠandEBⅢ,andreliable

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简介：AsfarasChina-USrelationsareconcerned,theTibetissueisoneofthosethatappearedonlyinthepast100years.IthasneverbeenanessentialoneinChina-USrelations.However,fromthedaythatthePeople'sRepublicofChina(PRC)wasestablished,theTibetissueturnedouttobealong-termfactorwhichhasexertedaninfluenceontherelationsbetweenthetwocountriesoveranextendedperiodoftime.

简介：Inthispaper,IwilldiscussthebackgroundofGharungpaLhavirgyalmtshan(1319-1403),theauthoroftheChosdbyingsgsalsgron(LamptoIlluminatetheExpanseofReality).Todate,Gharungpa,astudentofthefamousDolpopaShesrabrgyalmtshan(1292-1361),hasbeenlittlestudiedoutsideofTibet,andhisnamehasrarelycomeupeveninTibetanscholarship.Inordertohaveaclearunderstandingandafullerpictureofhiswrittings,wemustexplorethelifeoftheauthorhimselfaswellasthescholarlyenvironmentinwhichhelivedandwaseducated.

简介：OnthebasisofChineseandTibetanhistoricalmaterials,Mr.Z.AhmadinhisSino-TibetanRelationsinthe17thCentury,publishedin1970,gaveadescriptionofPrinceChanhua(lit.PrinceofthePropagationoftheDoctrineoftheBuddha)repeatedlyrequestinganewtitlefromtheQingcourtduringthereignofEmperorShunzhi.