简介:<正>Sincetheeighties,thestudyofMahakalainmainlandChina,fromliterarytextsonMahakalatotheprominentmanuscriptsofKhara-Khoto(黑水城),canbedividedintosixcategories,namelythespreadofMahakala,thestudyofMahakalainSouthZhaoDali(南诏大理),thestudyoftheMahakalamanuscriptsinTangut(西夏),thehistoryandportraitsofMahakalafromtheYuandynasty,thestudyofMahakalafromtheQingdynastyandthestudyofMahakalaliterature.